Radio-opaque polymeric compositions

Claim 2

A radio-opaque composition comprising a polymer or monomer, and an antithrombotic, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer, and wherein said antithrombotic agent is releasable or non-releasable from said composition.

Claim 3

A radio-opaque primer comprising a monomer, wherein said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an ester, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, an alkyl halide, a carboxylic acid, a haloketone, an alkene, an alkyne or an acyl chloride; and wherein said monomer is covalently attached to an object by a covalent linkage.

Claim 4

A radio-opaque primer comprising a monomer, wherein said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an ester, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, an alkyl halide, a carboxylic acid, a haloketone, an alkene, an alkyne or an acyl chloride; and wherein said monomer is covalently attached to an object by a covalent linkage.

Claim 5

The radio-opaque composition of claim 1 , wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; and wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; and wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.

Claim 6

A radio-opaque primer of claim 2 , wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride.

Claim 7

A radio-opaque composition comprising: (a) a polymer or monomer, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex, wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; and wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.

Claim 8

A radio-opaque composition comprising: (a) a polymer or monomer, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex, wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; and wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.

Claim 9

A composition according to claim 5 wherein said radio-opaque moiety is a halogenated aromatic compound with a reactive functional group.

Claim 10

A composition according to claim 6 wherein said halogenated aromatic compound is an aromatic tri-iodide or an aromatic tri-bromide.

Claim 11

A composition according to claim 6 wherein said reactive functional group of said radio-opaque moiety is a hydroxyl, a carboxyl, an amine, an amide, a carbonyl, a thiol, an allyl, a vinyl or an anhydride.

Claim 12

A composition according to claim 2 wherein said radio-opaque moiety is an amidotrizoate, an iothalamate, an iohexol, an iopamidol, an iopromide, ioxaglic acid, an iopadate, an iotroxate or an ioxaglate.

Claim 13

A composition according to claim 5 wherein said radio-opaque moiety is Iobenguane, Iobenzamic Acid, Iocarmic Acid, Iocetamic Acid, Iodamide, Iodipamide, Iodixanol, Iodized Oil, Iodoalphionic Acid, p-Iodoaniline, o-Iodobenzoic Acid, Iodochlorhydroxyquin, o-Iodohippurate Sodium, o-Iodophenol, p-Iodophenol, Iodophthalein Sodium, Iodopsin, Iodopyracet, Iodopyrrole, Iodoquinol, Iofetamine 123 I, Ioglycamic Acid, Iohexol, Iomeglamic Acid, Iopamidol, Iopanoic acid, Iopentol, Iophendylate, Iophenoxic Acid, Iopromide, Iopronic Acid, Iopydol, Iopydone, Iothalamic Acid, Iotrolan, Ioversol, Ioxaglic Acid, Ioxilan, or Ipodate.

Claim 14

A composition according to claim 5 wherein said natural polymer is a cellulose, chitosan, chitin, starch, hyaluronic acid, chondroitin sulfate, xanthan, guar gum; or an ether or an ester derivative thereof; or a block, a graft or random copolymer thereof; or a blend thereof.

Claim 15

A composition according to claim 5 wherein said radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer through an amine, amide, anhydride, carbamate, carbonate, carboxyl, ether, ester, imide, thiol, thiocarbamates, or urea covalent linkage.

Claim 16

A composition according to claim 5 wherein said radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer by the use of heat, ultraviolet irradiation, gamma irradiation, an acidic initiator, a basic initiator, a peroxide initiator, a persulfate initiator or an azo initiator.

Claim 17

A composition according to claim 5 further comprising at least one additional ingredient wherein said additional ingredient is releasable or non-releasable from said composition.

Claim 18

A composition according to claim 14 wherein said additional ingredient is a biologically active material.

Claim 19

A composition according to claim 15 wherein said biologically active material is a biostatic agent, a cytostatic agent, a radiation emitter, a biomolecule, an anti-inflammatory agent, an immunosuppressant or an antiseptic.

Claim 20

A composition according to claim 15 wherein said biologically active material is an antibiotic.

Claim 21

A composition according to claim 15 wherein said biologically active material is an antithrombotic agent.

Claim 22

A composition according to claim 5 wherein said composition has a low coefficient of friction when wetted with water or a water-containing substance.

Claim 23

A composition according to claim 5 further comprising a solvent.

Claim 24

A composition according to claim 20 wherein said covalent linkage is formed as said solvent is removed.

Claim 25

A composition according to claim 5 wherein said covalent linkage is formed during formulation of said composition.

Claim 26

A composition according to claim 5 wherein said composition is a covering composition.

Claim 27

A covering composition according to claim 23 wherein said covering composition is a coating.

Claim 28

A covering composition according to claim 23 wherein said covering composition is a primer.

Claim 29

A composition according to claim 25 wherein said primer is a blend of said monomers.

Claim 30

A primer according to claim 25 wherein said monomer is covalently attached to an object by a covalent linkage.

Claim 31

A primer according to claim 25 wherein said monomer adheres to an object.

Claim 32

A radio-opaque primer comprising a monomer which is covalently attached to a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said monomer has at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride and a carboxylic acid; wherein said monomer adheres to an object.

Claim 33

A radio-opaque primer comprising a monomer which is covalently attached to a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said monomer has at least one reactive functional group selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride and a carboxylic acid; wherein said monomer adheres to an object.

Claim 34

A medical device covered with a composition comprising: (a) a polymer or a monomer wherein said polymer or said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex, wherein said radio-opaque moiety is a halogenated aromatic compound with a reactive functional group; wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof, wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, or a carboxylic acid.

Claim 35

A medical device covered with a composition comprising: (a) a polymer or a monomer wherein said polymer or said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex, wherein said radio-opaque moiety is a halogenated aromatic compound with a reactive functional group; wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof, wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, or a carboxylic acid.

Claim 36

A medical device according to claim 30 wherein said medical device is a catheter, guide wire, shunt, screw, pin, prosthesis, plate, film, sponge, suture, tube, cannula, balloon, needle, marker or stylet.

Claim 37

A stent covered with a composition comprising: (a) a polymer or a monomer wherein said polymer or said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex, wherein said radio-opaque moiety is a halogenated aromatic compound with a reactive functional group; wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, or a carboxylic acid.

Claim 38

A stent covered with a composition comprising: (a) a polymer or a monomer wherein said polymer or said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex, wherein said radio-opaque moiety is a halogenated aromatic compound with a reactive functional group; wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, or a carboxylic acid.

Claim 45

An object covered with a composition comprising: (a) a polymer or monomer, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex, wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; and wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.

Claim 46

An object covered with a composition comprising: (a) a polymer or monomer, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex, wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; and wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.

Claim 47

An object covered with a primer comprising: wherein said primer comprises a monomer, wherein said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an ester, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, an alkyl halide, a carboxylic acid, a haloketone, an alkene, an alkyne or an acyl chloride; and wherein said monomer is covalently attached to said object by a covalent linkage.

Claim 48

An object covered with a primer comprising: wherein said primer comprises a monomer, wherein said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an ester, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, an alkyl halide, a carboxylic acid, a haloketone, an alkene, an alkyne or an acyl chloride; and wherein said monomer is covalently attached to said object by a covalent linkage.

Claim 49

An object covered with a primer comprising: wherein said primer comprises a monomer and a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex; wherein said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an ester, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, an alkyl halide, a carboxylic acid, a haloketone, an alkene, an alkyne or an acyl chloride; and wherein said monomer adheres to said object.

Claim 50

An object covered with a primer comprising: wherein said primer comprises a monomer and a polyvinylpyrrolidone-polyurethane complex; wherein said monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, wherein said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an ester, an aldehyde, an N-hydroxysuccinimide ester, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride, an alkyl halide, a carboxylic acid, a haloketone, an alkene, an alkyne or an acyl chloride; and wherein said monomer adheres to said object.

Claim 51

A radio-opaque covering composition comprising: (a) a polymer or monomer, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) an aqueous coating solution comprising a blend of a polyacrylate and a poly(ethylene oxide), wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive fuinctional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.

Claim 52

A radio-opaque covering composition comprising: (a) a polymer or monomer, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) an aqueous coating solution comprising a blend of a polyacrylate and a poly(ethylene oxide), wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive fuinctional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.

Claim 53

A radio-opaque covering composition comprising: a) a polymer or monomer, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a block copolymer of a dimethylacrylamide and glycidyl methacrylate, wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.

Claim 54

A radio-opaque covering composition comprising: a) a polymer or monomer, wherein said polymer or monomer has a non-leachable radio-opaque moiety, and (b) a block copolymer of a dimethylacrylamide and glycidyl methacrylate, wherein said polymer is a natural polymer or a synthetic polymer or a combination thereof; wherein said synthetic polymer is a polymer blend, alloy, random copolymer, block copolymer, graft copolymer or homopolymer; wherein said synthetic polymer comprises poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(vinylpyrrolidone), poly(caprolactone), poly(hydroxybutarates), poly(caprolactams), poly(terephthalate), poly(vinyl chloride), poly(propylene), poly(ethylene oxide), poly(propylene oxide), poly(styrene), poly(ethylene), poly(urethanes), silicone elastomers or combinations thereof; wherein said monomer is an allyllic compound, amide, amine, anhydride, epoxide, isocyanate, silyl, thiol compound, thioisocyanate, vinyl compound, ester, acid chloride, acrolein or acryloylchoride; and wherein said polymer or said monomer has at least one reactive functional group, wherein said reactive functional group is an isocyanate, an isothiocyanate, an epoxide, a carboxylic ester, a tresylate, an anhydride or a carboxylic acid; wherein said non-leachable radio-opaque moiety is covalently attached to said polymer or said monomer.