US5486228A
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US
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Washable color changing compositions
Assignee: Crayola LLC
•
Filing: 1994-07-05
•
Granted: 1996-01-23
•
Expires: 2014-07-05
Abstract
Abstract A washable multiple coloring composition system is disclosed whose coloring effect is changed upon treatment with a second coloring composition, once the second coloring composition has been deposited over the undercolor coloring composition. The washable multiple ink system comprises: (a) an undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatable surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and/or by a reducing agent; and (b) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatable surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and/or a reducing agent, a base in an amount sufficient to yield a pH of the overcolor composition of about 10 or greater, and/or a reducing agent.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard E. Miller
- 👤 Charlene R. Couch
- 👤 Cheryl D.. Krieger
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 17:35
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09D; C09D11/00; C09D11/50; B; B05; B05D; B05D1/00; B05D1/36; B05D5/00; B05D5/06; B05D5/061; B05D7/00; B05D7/50; B05D7/52; B05D7/54; B44; B44D; B44D2/00; B44F; B44F1/00; B44F1/08; B44F1/10; C09D7/00; B05D2451/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 64
Claim 1
Independent Claim
116 words
A washable multiple coloring composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability to said undercolor aqueous coloring composition and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; and (b) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability to said overcolor aqueous coloring composition, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and an effective amount of a base sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of about 10 or greater.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
116 words
A washable multiple coloring composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability to said undercolor aqueous coloring composition and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; and (b) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability to said overcolor aqueous coloring composition, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater and an effective amount of a base sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of about 10 or greater.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, said base being present in an amount sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of from about 10 to about 12.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
29 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, said surfactant in said overcolor aqueous coloring composition being present in an amount from about 20% to about 55% by weight.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
29 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 2, said base added in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
49 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of polymethine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, cyanine dyes, methine dyes, and azo dyes which are unstable in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
The multiple coloring composition of claim 5, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of Basic Blue 69, Basic Red 14, Basic Red 49, Acid Green 3, Acid Violet 19 and mixtures thereof.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
44 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said colorant of said overcolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of, xanthene dyes, pthalocyanine dyes, and azo dyes which are stable in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
50 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said colorant of said overcolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of Acid Red 52, Acid Red 87, Acid Red 92, Acid Red 388, Food Red 14, Acid Green 26, Solvent Green 7, Direct Blue 199, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said overcolor aqueous coloring composition further comprises a reducing agent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
28 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 9, wherein said reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said base is selected from the group consisting of ammonium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and sodium carbonate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
32 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a humectant in an amount of from about 0% to about 30% by weight.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
33 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a drying agent in an amount of from about 5% to about 30% by weight.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said colorant of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition is present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
20 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, wherein said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions further comprise a preservative.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 15, wherein said preservative is present in said undercolor and said overcolor coloring compositions in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 5% by weight.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
145 words
A washable ink composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous ink comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of the undercolor ink; and (b) an overcolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant; from about 1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor ink of a reducing agent; from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of said overcolor ink of a base; and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said overcolor ink of an overcolor colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent and a pH of about 10 or greater.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
145 words
A washable ink composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous ink comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of the undercolor ink; and (b) an overcolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant; from about 1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor ink of a reducing agent; from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of said overcolor ink of a base; and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said overcolor ink of an overcolor colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent and a pH of about 10 or greater.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
The ink composition system according to claim 17, wherein said base is present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
31 words
The ink composition system according to claim 17, wherein said undercolor dye and said overcolor colorant are each present in an amount of from about 1% to about 6% by weight.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
121 words
A washable color changing marking system comprising at least an undercolor marking instrument and an overcolor marking instrument, said undercolor marking instrument containing from about 20% to about 55% of a compatable surfactant and an undercolor ink composition comprising a dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, and said overcolor marking instrument containing an overcolor ink, said ink comprising (1) from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant; (2) from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a base; and (3) from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
121 words
A washable color changing marking system comprising at least an undercolor marking instrument and an overcolor marking instrument, said undercolor marking instrument containing from about 20% to about 55% of a compatable surfactant and an undercolor ink composition comprising a dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, and said overcolor marking instrument containing an overcolor ink, said ink comprising (1) from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant; (2) from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a base; and (3) from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
15 words
The marking system of claim 20, wherein said overcolor ink further comprises a reducing agent.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
13 words
The marking system of claim 21 wherein said reducing agent is sodium sulphite.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
12 words
The marking system of claim 20, wherein said base is sodium hydroxide.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
41 words
The marking system of claim 21, wherein said system further comprises at least a third marking instrument, said third marking instrument containing an undercolor ink composition comprising a dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
17 words
The marking system of claim 20, wherein said marker comprises and ink reservoir coupled to a nib.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
113 words
A washable paint composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous paint comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; and (b) an overcolor aqueous paint comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant; from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of a base; from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of an overcolor dye that maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; and a thickener in an amount of from about 1% to about 5% by weight.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
113 words
A washable paint composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous paint comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; and (b) an overcolor aqueous paint comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant; from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of a base; from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of an overcolor dye that maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; and a thickener in an amount of from about 1% to about 5% by weight.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
75 words
A washable coloring composition comprising (a) from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant; (b) from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a base; (c) from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent; and (d) from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of both a pH of about 10 or greater and a reducing agent.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
75 words
A washable coloring composition comprising (a) from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant; (b) from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a base; (c) from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent; and (d) from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of both a pH of about 10 or greater and a reducing agent.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
166 words
A washable multiple coloring composition system comprising: (a) a first undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; (b) a second undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and (c) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant, from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, an effective amount of a base sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of about 10 or greater, and from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
166 words
A washable multiple coloring composition system comprising: (a) a first undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater; (b) a second undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and (c) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant, from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, an effective amount of a base sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of about 10 or greater, and from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
33 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 28, said base being present in an amount sufficient to yield a pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition of from about 10 to about 12.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
183 words
A washable ink composition system comprising: (a) a first undercolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of the undercolor ink; (b) a second undercolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and (c) an overcolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant, from about 1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor ink of a reducing agent; from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of said overcolor ink of a base; and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said overcolor ink of an overcolor colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent and a pH of about 10 or greater.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
183 words
A washable ink composition system comprising: (a) a first undercolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of the undercolor ink; (b) a second undercolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and (c) an overcolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant, from about 1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor ink of a reducing agent; from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of said overcolor ink of a base; and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said overcolor ink of an overcolor colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent and a pH of about 10 or greater.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
204 words
A washable color changing marking system comprising at least a first undercolor marking instrument and a second undercolor marking instrument and at least one overcolor marking instrument, said first undercolor marking instrument containing a first undercolor ink composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and a dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, said second undercolor marking instrument containing a second undercolor ink composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and comprising an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent, and said overcolor marking instrument containing an overcolor ink, said overcolor ink comprising (1) from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant; (2) from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a base; and (3) from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, and from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent and wherein said pH of said overcolor ink is about 10 or greater.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
204 words
A washable color changing marking system comprising at least a first undercolor marking instrument and a second undercolor marking instrument and at least one overcolor marking instrument, said first undercolor marking instrument containing a first undercolor ink composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and a dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, said second undercolor marking instrument containing a second undercolor ink composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant and comprising an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent, and said overcolor marking instrument containing an overcolor ink, said overcolor ink comprising (1) from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant; (2) from about 0.1% to about 10% by weight of a base; and (3) from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a pH of about 10 or greater, and from about 1% to about 20% by weight of a reducing agent and wherein said pH of said overcolor ink is about 10 or greater.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
30 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 1, said surfactant of said undercolor aqueous coloring composition being present in an amount of from about 20% to about 55% by weight.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
27 words
The multiple coloring composition of claim 1, wherein said surfactant is an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of diphenyl oxide disulfonate and sodium naphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
27 words
The multiple coloring composition of claim 17, wherein said surfactant is an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of diphenyl oxide disulfonate and sodium naphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
27 words
The multiple coloring composition of claim 20, wherein said surfactant is an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of diphenyl oxide disulfonate and sodium naphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
27 words
The multiple coloring composition of claim 28, wherein said surfactant is an anionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of diphenyl oxide disulfonate and sodium naphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
89 words
A washable multiple coloring composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability to said undercolor aqueous coloring composition and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and (b) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability to said overcolor aqueous coloring composition, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent, and a reducing agent.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
89 words
A washable multiple coloring composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability to said undercolor aqueous coloring composition and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and (b) an overcolor aqueous coloring composition comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability to said overcolor aqueous coloring composition, a colorant capable of maintaining its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent, and a reducing agent.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
30 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 37, wherein said surfactant in said overcolor aqueous coloring composition is present in an amount from about 20% to about 55% by weight.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
31 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 37, wherein said surfactant in said undercolor aqueous coloring composition is present in an amount of from about 20% to about 55% by weight.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
15 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 37, wherein said surfactant is an anionic surfactant.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
26 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 40, wherein said anionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of diphenyl oxide disulfonate and sodium naphthalene sulfonate.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
37 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 37, wherein said overcolor aqueous coloring composition further comprises a base in an amount sufficient to elevate the pH of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition to about 10 or greater.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
31 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 42, wherein said base is present in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 20% by weight of said overcolor aqueous coloring composition.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
28 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 37, wherein said reducing agent is selected from the group consisting of hydrogen sulfide, sodium sulfite, sodium hypochlorite and hydrogen peroxide.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
24 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 37, wherein said reducing agent is present in an amount of from about 1% to about 20%.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
48 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 37, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of polymethine dyes, triphenylmethane dyes, cyanine dyes, methine dyes, and azo dyes which are unstable in the presence of a of about 10 or greater.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
42 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 46, wherein said undercolor dye of said undercolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of Basic Blue 69, Basic Red 14, Basic Red 49, Acid Green 3, Acid Violet 19 and mixtures thereof.
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
30 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 37, wherein said colorant of said overcolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of xanthene dyes, phthalocyanine dyes, and azo dyes.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
50 words
The multiple coloring composition system of claim 48, wherein said colorant of said overcolor coloring composition is selected from the group consisting of Acid Red 52, Acid Red 87, Acid Red 92, Acid Red 388, Food Red 14, Acid Green 26, Solvent Green 7, Direct Blue 199, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
102 words
A washable ink composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous ink comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of the undercolor ink; and (b) an overcolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant; and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said overcolor ink of an overcolor colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
102 words
A washable ink composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous ink comprising a compatible surfactant in an amount sufficient to provide washability and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of the undercolor ink; and (b) an overcolor aqueous ink comprising from about 20% to about 55% by weight of a compatible surfactant; and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of said overcolor ink of an overcolor colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
73 words
A washable color changing marking system comprising at least an undercolor marking instrument and an overcolor marking instrument, said undercolor marking instrument containing from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor ink composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
73 words
A washable color changing marking system comprising at least an undercolor marking instrument and an overcolor marking instrument, said undercolor marking instrument containing from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor ink composition comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant and from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of a colorant which maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
94 words
A washable paint composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous paint comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and (b) an overcolor aqueous paint comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant; from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of an overcolor dye that maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent; and a thickener in an amount of from about 1% to about 5% by weight.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
94 words
A washable paint composition system comprising: (a) an undercolor aqueous paint comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant and an undercolor dye whose coloring ability is destroyed in the presence of a reducing agent; and (b) an overcolor aqueous paint comprising from about 20% to about 55% of a compatible surfactant; from about 0.1% to about 15% by weight of an overcolor dye that maintains its characteristic color in the presence of a reducing agent; and a thickener in an amount of from about 1% to about 5% by weight.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1999-01-22 | 1999-07-24 | 2000-01-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2003-01-22 | 2003-07-24 | 2004-01-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2007-01-22 | 2007-07-24 | 2008-01-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |