Patent US4401765A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4401765A
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Covalently bonded high refractive index particle reagents and their use in light scattering immunoassays
Assignee: Dade Behring Inc
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Filing: 1981-10-28
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Granted: 1983-08-30
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Expires: 2001-10-28
Abstract
Abstract Novel particle reagent for light scattering immunoassays are provided. The particle reagents are high refractive index shell-core polymers covalently bonded to compounds of biological interest. A method of measuring unknown concentrations of these compounds of biological interest by measuring changes in turbidity caused by particle agglutination or its inhibition is also provided.
Inventors
- 👤 Alan R. Craig
- 👤 William A. Frey
- 👤 Charles C. Leflar
- 👤 Catharine E. Looney
- 👤 Michael A. Luddy
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 06:51
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/543; G01N33/54313; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/805; Y10S436/815
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
164 words
A particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (A) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (1) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (2) optionally, other ethylencially unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (3) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core; and wherein said polymer particle has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (B) a compound of biological interest or its antibody.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
164 words
A particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (A) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (1) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (2) optionally, other ethylencially unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (3) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core; and wherein said polymer particle has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (B) a compound of biological interest or its antibody.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
22 words
The particle reagent of claim 1 wherein said outer shell is not more than 5 parts by weight of said polymer particle.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
166 words
A particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (A) a polymer particle having an inner core and and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (1) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (2) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (3) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerizable in the presence of said inner core; and wherein said polymer particle has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (B) a compound of biological interest through a proteinaceous material.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
166 words
A particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (A) a polymer particle having an inner core and and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (1) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (2) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (3) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerizable in the presence of said inner core; and wherein said polymer particle has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (B) a compound of biological interest through a proteinaceous material.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
203 words
A method for measuring compounds of biological interest comprising the steps of (A) incubating (1) a particle reagent having high refractive index essentially of: (a) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (i) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (ii) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (iii) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core and wherein said polymer particles has approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (b) the compound of biological interest or its antibody; (2) a liquid suspected of containing the compound of biological interest; and (3) an agglutinating agent; and (B) photometrically measuring increased particle size resulting from agglutination.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
203 words
A method for measuring compounds of biological interest comprising the steps of (A) incubating (1) a particle reagent having high refractive index essentially of: (a) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (i) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (ii) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (iii) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core and wherein said polymer particles has approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (b) the compound of biological interest or its antibody; (2) a liquid suspected of containing the compound of biological interest; and (3) an agglutinating agent; and (B) photometrically measuring increased particle size resulting from agglutination.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 4 wherein the polymer particle is covalently attached to the compound of biological interest.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
191 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the agglutinating agent is selected from the group consisting of (A) an antibody to the compound of biological interest; and (B) a particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (1) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (a) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reaching with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (b) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (c) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core and wherein said polymer particles has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (2) an antibody to the compound of biological interest.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 4 wherein the polymer particle is covalently attached to an antibody of the compound of biological interest.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the agglutinating agent is a multivalent conjugate of the compound of biological interest and a protein.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 4 wherein during the incubation step (a) there is also present an agglutinating accelerator.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 9 wherein the agglutinating accelerator is selected from the group consisting of polyethyene glycol and sodium dodecyl sulfate.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the polymer particle is covalently attached to the compound of biological interest through a proteinaceous material.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
164 words
A particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (A) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (1) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (2) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (3) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core; and wherein said polymer particle has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (B) an antigen of the compound of biological interest.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
164 words
A particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (A) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (1) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (2) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (3) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core; and wherein said polymer particle has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (B) an antigen of the compound of biological interest.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
22 words
The particle reagent of claim 12 wherein said outer shell is not more than 5 parts by weight of said polymer particle.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
The particle reagent of claim 12 wherein the antigen of the compound of biological interest is attached to said polymer through a proteinaceous material.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
195 words
A method for measuring proteins comprising the steps of (A) incubating (1) a particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (a) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (i) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (ii) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (iii) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core and wherein said polymer particles has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (b) the antibody of the protein; and (2) a liquid suspected of containing the compound of biological interest; and (B) photometrically measuring increased particle size resulting from agglutination.
Claim 20
Independent Claim
195 words
A method for measuring proteins comprising the steps of (A) incubating (1) a particle reagent having high refractive index consisting essentially of: (a) a polymer particle having an inner core and an outer shell wherein the inner core is a polymer having a refractive index of not less than 1.54 as measured at the wavelength of the sodium D line and wherein the outer shell is a polymer of (i) an ethylenically unsaturated monomer having a functional group capable of reacting with a compound of biological interest selected from the group consisting of epoxy, carboxyl, amino, hydroxyl and aldehyde, (ii) optionally, other ethylenically unsaturated monomers in an amount sufficient to produce water insoluble polymer particles, and (iii) not more than 10 parts by weight of the outer shell of the monomers of the inner core, said outer shell being formed by polymerization in the presence of said inner core and wherein said polymer particles has an approximate diameter range of 0.03-0.1 μm and is covalently attached to (b) the antibody of the protein; and (2) a liquid suspected of containing the compound of biological interest; and (B) photometrically measuring increased particle size resulting from agglutination.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-08-29 | 1987-02-28 | 1987-08-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-08-29 | 1991-02-28 | 1991-08-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-08-29 | 1995-02-28 | 1995-08-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |