Patent US5104418A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US5104418A
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Hybrid diesel fuel composition
Assignee: Eni Tecnologie SpA
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Filing: 1990-05-25
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Granted: 1992-04-14
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Expires: 2010-05-25
Abstract
Abstract A hybrid diesel fuel composition in the form of a microemulsion stable with time over a wide temperature range comprises a diesel fuel, water, a glycolipid surfactant and an aliphatic alcohol co-surfactant.
Inventors
- 👤 Calogero Genova
- 👤 Irena Blute
- 👤 Rosario Pappa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 16:42
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/32; C10L1/328; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
17 words
A diesel fuel microemulsion, comprising a diesel fuel, water, a glycolipid surfactant, and an aliphatic alcohol co-surfactant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
17 words
A diesel fuel microemulsion, comprising a diesel fuel, water, a glycolipid surfactant, and an aliphatic alcohol co-surfactant.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
98 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 1, wherein said glycolipid surfactant is represented by the formula A--X--R; wherein A is a glucide group of a mono-saccharide, di-saccharide, tri-saccharide or tetra-saccharide; R is an alkyl group, comprising at least 10 carbon atoms, and selected from the group consisting of saturated linear chain alkyl groups, saturated branched chain alkyl groups, mono-unsaturated linear chain alkyl groups, mono-unsaturated branched chain alkyl groups, polyunsaturated linear chain alkyl groups, and polyunsaturated branched chain alkyl groups; and wherein X is selected from the group consisting of ether functions, ester functions, acetal functions and hemiacetal functions.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 2, wherein A is saccharose and R is an alkyl group comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 3, wherein said surfactant is selected from the group consisting of oleyl saccharose ether, tetradecyl saccharose ether, dodecyl saccharose ether, saccharose oleate, and saccharose linoleate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
46 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 4, wherein said co-surfactant is selected from the group consisting of primary aliphatic alcohols containing from 4 to 6 carbon atoms per molecule, secondary aliphatic alcohols containing from 4 to 6 carbon atoms per molecule, and mixtures of the foregoing.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 5, wherein said co-surfactant is selected from the group consisting of n-butanol, n-pentanol, and n-hexanol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
16 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 1, wherein said diesel fuel is diesel fuel No. 2.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 1, comprising from 60 to 91 weight percent diesel fuel, from 1 to 10 weight percent water, from 1.7 to 9 weight percent glycolipid surfactant, and from 6.3 to 21 weight percent co-surfactant.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
51 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 8, comprising from 60 to 90 weight percent diesel fuel; from 1 to 10 weight percent water; from 2.7 to 9 weight percent alkyl saccharose ether comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkyl portion; and from 6.3 to 21 weight percent co-surfactant.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
40 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 9, comprising from 80 to 89.3 weight percent diesel fuel, from 1 to 6 weight percent water, from 2.9 to 4.2 weight percent oleyl saccharose ether, and from 6.8 to 9.8 weight percent n-pentanol.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
50 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 8, comprising from 72.1 to 90.6 weight percent diesel fuel; from 1 to 8 weight percent water; from 1.7 to 4.7 weight percent saccharose alkanoate comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms in the alkanoate portion; and from 6.7 to 15.2 weight percent co-surfactant.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
39 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 11, comprising from 78.5 to 89.1 weight percent diesel fuel, from 2 to 8 weight percent water, from 2.2 to 4 weight percent saccharose oleate, and from 6.7 to 9.5 weight percent n-pentanol.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
39 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 11, comprising from 76.5 to 89 weight percent diesel fuel, from 2 to 8 weight percent water, from 1.8 to 4 weight percent saccharose linoleate, and from 7.2 to 11.5 weight percent n-pentanol.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
A diesel fuel microemulsion, consisting essentially of a diesel fuel, water, a glycolipid surfactant, and an aliphatic alcohol co-surfactant.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
19 words
A diesel fuel microemulsion, consisting essentially of a diesel fuel, water, a glycolipid surfactant, and an aliphatic alcohol co-surfactant.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
96 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 14, wherein said glycolipid surfactant is represented by the formula A--X--R; wherein A is a glucide group of a mono-saccharide, di-saccharide, tri-saccharide or tetra-saccharide; R is an alkyl group, comprising at least 10 carbon atoms, and selected from the group consisting of saturated linear chain alkyl groups, saturated branched chain alkyl groups, mono-unsaturated linear chain alkyl groups, mono-unsaturated branched chain alkyl groups, polyunsaturated linear chain alkyl groups, and polyunsaturated branched chain alkyl groups; and wherein X is a unit selected from the group consisting of ether, ester, acetal and hemiacetal.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
24 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 15, wherein A is saccharose and R is an alkyl group comprising from 10 to 24 carbon atoms.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
31 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 16, wherein said surfactant is selected from the group consisting of oleyl saccharose ether, tetradecyl saccharose ether, dodecyl saccharose ether, saccharose oleate, and saccharose linoleate.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
46 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 17, wherein said co-surfactant is selected from the group consisting of primary aliphatic alcohols containing from 4 to 6 carbon atoms per molecule, secondary aliphatic alcohols containing from 4 to 6 carbon atoms per molecule, and mixtures of the foregoing.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 18, wherein said co-surfactant is selected from the group consisting of n-butanol, n-pentanol, and n-hexanol.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
16 words
A microemulsion as defined in claim 14, wherein said diesel fuel is diesel fuel No. 2.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1995-04-14 | 1995-10-14 | 1996-04-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1999-04-14 | 1999-10-14 | 2000-04-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2003-04-14 | 2003-10-14 | 2004-04-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |