Polymeric articles having enhanced antithrombogenic activity

Claim 2

An article having antithrombogenic properties comprising: (a) a polymeric support structure; (b) a polymeric material rich in amine content which serves as a substrate for an antithrombogenic agent, said matrial being selected from the group consisting of primary amines having a carbon chain length of from 2 to 10,000, a polyalkylenimine having 2 to 4 carbon atoms per amine unit and mixtures thereof, said material being bonded to the support structure; (c) a hydrophobic group covalently bonded to said material; and (d) an antithrombogenic agent covalently bonded to said material, wherein the activity of the antithrombogenic agent is enhanced by said hydrophobic group.

Claim 3

The article of claim 1 wherein the support structure is selected from the group consisting of a polyurethane, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyurethane-silicone, polyurethaneurea, polycarbonate, silicone rubber, polyester, nylon, natural rubber, polyvinyl chloride, acrylic, polystyrene, copolymer of polycarbonate and silicone rubber and mixtures thereof.

Claim 4

The article of claim 1 wherein the antithrombogenic material is selected from the group consisting of heparin, prostaglandins, urokinase, streptokinase, sulfated polysaccharide, albumin and mixtures thereof.

Claim 5

The article of claim 1 wherein the polyalkylenimine is selected from the group consisting of polyethylenimine, polypropylenimine, polybutylenimine and mixtures thereof.

Claim 6

The article of claim 1 wherein the polymeric support structure is a polyurethane medical device for use in contact with blood.

Claim 7

The article of claim 1 wherein the material is selected from the group consisting of a polyurethaneurea, polyamide, polyimide, polyvinylamine, polyalkylenimine and mixtures thereof.

Claim 8

The article of claim 6 wherein the polyurethaneurea is selected from the group coonsisting of a polyether based urethaneurea, a polyester based urethaneurea, a polybutadiene urethaneurea and mixtures thereof.

Claim 9

The article of claim 7 wherein the polyurethaneurea is selected from the group consisting of poly(ethylene oxide) urethaneurea, poly(propylene oxide) urethaneurea, poly(tetramethylene oxide) urethaneurea; poly(ethylene adipate) urethaneurea, poly(propylene adipate) urethaneurea, poly(tetramethylene adipate) urethaneurea, poly(hexamethylene adipate) urethaneurea; polycaprolactone urethaneurea; and mixtures thereof.

Claim 10

The article of claim 1 wherein the hydrophobic group is selected from the group consisting of fluorine compounds; siloxane compounds selected from the group having the formulas ##STR4## wherein R 1 , R 2 and R 3 are aliphatic or substituted aliphatic groups having an aliphatic carbon chain length of from 1 to 4 carbons and n is an integer from 1 to 100; silazane compounds selected from the group having the formula ##STR5## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkyl groups having 1 to 4 carbons and hydrogen; silane compounds selected from the group having the formula ##STR6## wherein R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are aliphatic groups, substituted aliphatic groups, aromatic groups, substituted aromatic groups, halogens, alkoxyl groups, vinyl groups and mixtures thereof.

Claim 11

The article of claim 9 wherein the fluorine compound is selected from the group consisting of dichlorodifluoromethane, chlorotrifluoromethane, bromotrifluoromethane, tetrafluoromethane, chlorodifluoromethane, fluoroform, 1,2-dichlorotetrafluoroethane, hedafluoroethane, tetrafluoroethane, hexafluoropropylene, boron trifluoride, silicon tetrafluoride, sulfur hexafluoride, sulfur tetrafluoride, tungsten hexafluoride, fluorine and mixtures thereof.

Claim 12

An article having enhanced antithrombogenic activity produced by the process of: (a) bonding to a polymeric support structure an amine-rich material selected from the group consisting of a primary amine having a carbon chain length of 2 to 10,000, a polyalkylenimine having 2 to 4 carbon atoms per amine unit and mixtures thereof; (b) plasma treating the amine-rich material in the presence of a gas to bond a hydrophobic group thereto; and (c) covalently bonding an antithrombogenic agent to said amine-rich material.

Claim 13

An article having enhanced antithrombogenic activity produced by the process of: (a) bonding to a polymeric support structure an amine-rich material selected from the group consisting of a primary amine having a carbon chain length of 2 to 10,000, a polyalkylenimine having 2 to 4 carbon atoms per amine unit and mixtures thereof; (b) plasma treating the amine-rich material in the presence of a gas to bond a hydrophobic group thereto; and (c) covalently bonding an antithrombogenic agent to said amine-rich material.

Claim 14

The article of claim 11 wherein the polymeric support structure is a polyurethane.

Claim 15

The article of claim 11 wherein said gas is hexafluoropropylene.