Patent US4338359A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4338359A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Method of facilitating low temperature discharge from a container of particulate material
Assignee: Ecolab Inc
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Filing: 1981-03-16
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Granted: 1982-07-06
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Expires: 2001-03-16
Abstract
Abstract Low temperature discharge of particulate material from a hopper or the like is facilitated by coating the hopper walls with a water solution of an inorganic freeze point depressant, the solution having a freezing point below about -20 DEG C. and being thickened by the addition thereto of a compatible thickening agent, whereby the substance can be readily applied to the wall and will remain in position on the wall. When the substance is to be used to coat steel or aluminum walls the pH of the substance is modified if necessary to prevent corrosion of the wall without adversely affecting the viscosity of the substance.
Inventors
- 👤 Mark O. Kestner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 19:03
CPC Classifications
B; B05; B05D; B05D5/00; B05D5/08; B05D7/00; B05D7/22
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
149 words
The method of facilitating low temperature discharge of particulate material from a container having a wall with which said material makes contact and along which said material moves when being discharged from said container, which method comprises: (a) applying to said wall an adherent coating comprising a water solution of (i) an inorganic freeze point depressant, said solution having a freezing point below about -20° C., and (ii) a thickening agent which is substantially compatible with said inorganic freeze point depressant and is present in an amount sufficient to produce in said solution a viscosity range in centipoise between about 50 and 1,500 at 70° F. and between about 500 and 20,000 at 0° F., (b) putting said material into said container to make contact with said wall, and (c) when desired, discharging said material from said container, in the course of which said material moves along said wall.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
149 words
The method of facilitating low temperature discharge of particulate material from a container having a wall with which said material makes contact and along which said material moves when being discharged from said container, which method comprises: (a) applying to said wall an adherent coating comprising a water solution of (i) an inorganic freeze point depressant, said solution having a freezing point below about -20° C., and (ii) a thickening agent which is substantially compatible with said inorganic freeze point depressant and is present in an amount sufficient to produce in said solution a viscosity range in centipoise between about 50 and 1,500 at 70° F. and between about 500 and 20,000 at 0° F., (b) putting said material into said container to make contact with said wall, and (c) when desired, discharging said material from said container, in the course of which said material moves along said wall.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1, in which said vicosity range is between about 100 and 1,000 at 70° F. and between about 1,000 and 10,000 at 0° F.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1, in which said viscosity range is between about 400 and 700 at 70° F. and between about 3,000 and 6,000 at 0° F.
Claim 5
Independent Claim
37 words
The method of any of claims 1-3, in which said inorganic freeze point depressant is a member of the group consisting of calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium chloride, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate and mixtures thereof.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
17 words
The method of any of claims 1-3, in which said inorganic freeze point depressant comprises calcium chloride.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
17 words
The method of any of claims 1-3, in which said inorganic freeze point depressant comprises magnesium chloride.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
49 words
The method of any of claims 1-3, in which said thickening agent is a member of the group consisting of hydroxyethyl, hydroxypropyl, carboxymethyl and methyl cellulose derivatives, xanthan and polysaccharide gums, alginates, polyethylene oxides, polycarboxylic acids, polycarboxylate salts, and copolymers of vinyl ethers and maleic anhydride, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
17 words
The method of any of claims 1-3, in which said thickening agent is a hydroxyethyl cellulose derivative.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
28 words
The method of any of claims 1-3, in which said wall is formed of aluminum and in which said coating has a pH between about 6 and 8.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
The methods of any of claims 1-3 in which said wall is formed of steel and said coating has a pH between about 6 and 9.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
19 words
The method of any of claims 1-3, in which said coating has a thickness of at least about 1/16".
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-07-05 | 1986-01-04 | 1986-07-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-07-05 | 1990-01-04 | 1990-07-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-07-05 | 1994-01-04 | 1994-07-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |