Patent US4337997A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4337997A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Energy reflector and method of making
Assignee: BFG Glassgroup GIE
•
Filing: 1980-02-05
•
Granted: 1982-07-06
•
Expires: 2000-02-05
Abstract
Abstract A flexible radiant energy reflecting surface, including a laminate composed of a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, the glass ply being bonded over its entire rear face to the metal ply, in an inter-ply bond, and a radiant-energy reflecting surface associated with one of the plies. The relative thicknesses of the glass and metal plies, the moduli of elasticity of the glass and metal plies, and the efficiency of the inter-ply bond are such that the rear face of the glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of the metal, such that the front face of the glass ply has a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph Sadoune
- 👤 Pierre Laroche
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 17:03
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02B; G02B5/00; G02B5/08; G02B5/10; B; B32; B32B; B32B15/00; B32B15/04; B32B17/00; B32B17/06; B32B17/10; B32B17/10005; B32B17/10165; B32B17/10174; F; F24; F24S; F24S23/00; F24S23/70; F24S23/82; F24S25/00; F24S25/60; F24S2025/601; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E10/00; Y02E10/40; Y10; Y10T; Y10T156/00; Y10T156/10; Y10T156/1002; Y10T156/1043; Y10T156/1044; Y10T156/1048
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 51
Claim 1
Independent Claim
138 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face and having a thickness between 0.6 and 1.0 mm, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
138 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face and having a thickness between 0.6 and 1.0 mm, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein said reflecting surface is the surface of said metal ply which is bonded to said glass ply.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
24 words
A reflector according to claim 1 wherein said means providing a reflecting surface is a coating on said glass ply or said metal ply.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
43 words
A reflector according to claim 1 wherein the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed such that the front face of said glass ply has a concave curvature of radius of 1 meter.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
43 words
A reflector according to claim 4 wherein the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed such that the front face of said glass ply has a concave curvature of radius of 0.3 meter.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
76 words
A reflector according to claim 1 wherein said glass and metal plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such and wherein said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency such that both the front face and the rear face of said glass ply are subjected to compressive stresses when said laminate is flexed such that the front face of the glass ply has a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
53 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein t m .E m ≧1.1×t g .E g where t m and t g are the thicknesses of said metal ply and said glass ply respectively and E m and E g are the moduli of elasticity of said metal ply and said glass ply respectively.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
17 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein said laminate is between 1.0 and 4.0 mm in thickness.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein said metal ply has a thickness less than 3.0 mm.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
19 words
A reflector according to claim 9, wherein said metal ply has a thickness of from 0.3 to 2.5 mm.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein said metal ply is made of steel.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
A reflector according to claim 11, wherein said steel ply is a galvanized steel ply.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
38 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein said bonding means comprise an adhesive selected from the group consisting of hot-melt, epoxy resin, polyvinylbutyral, polyurethane, acrylic resin and polyvinylchloride adhesives, which is interposed between said glass and metal plies.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein said bonding means comprise a thermoplastics foil, bearing a coating of an adhesive on each side thereof, interposed between said glass and metal plies.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
14 words
A reflector according to claim 14, wherein said thermoplastics foil is a polyester foil.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
21 words
A reflector according to claim 14, wherein said thermoplastics foil bears a coating of acrylic resin adhesive on each side thereof.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
20 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein said means providing a radiation-reflecting surface is a coating on said glass ply.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
18 words
A reflector according to claim 17, wherein said coating is on the rear face of said glass ply.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
19 words
A reflector according to claim 17, wherein said means providing a radiation-reflecting surface is a radiation-reflecting coating of silver.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
43 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein said metal ply is of such dimensions and is so positioned relative to said glass ply that at least two opposed margins of said metal ply project beyond the corresponding opposed edges of said glass ply.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
25 words
A reflector according to claim 20, additionally comprising protective deposits of material supported by said projecting margins against corresponding edge faces of said glass ply.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
33 words
A reflector according to claim 1, wherein opposed edges of said glass ply include buttressing means to relieve said bonding means of shear stresses tending to cause delamination when said laminate is flexed.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
A reflector according to claim 22, wherein said buttressing means comprise abutments which are secured to a face of said metal ply at projecting margins thereof.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
31 words
A reflector according to claim 22, additionally comprising edge strips secured to opposed edges of said laminate wherein said buttressing means comprise abutments interposed between said edges and said edge strips.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
44 words
A reflector according to claim 1, additionally comprising a holding device, by which said laminate is held in flexed condition against elastic recovery forces in the laminate and includes at least one axis of curvature, the front face of the glass ply being concave.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
A reflector according to claim 25, wherein said holding device maintains said laminate in flexed condition by forces transmitted wholly or in part through opposed edge faces of said glass ply.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
65 words
A reflector according to claim 25 or 26, wherein said holding device extends across the opposed edges of said laminate which are parallel with an axis of curvature of said laminate and said device opposes elastic recovery forces in said laminate by bearing directly against the corresponding edges of said glass ply or against those edges and against the corresponding edges of said metal ply.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
80 words
A reflector according to claim 25 or 26, additionally comprising bearing elements interposed between said holding device and said laminate, wherein said holding device extends across the opposed edges of said laminate which are parallel with an axis of curvature of said laminate and said device opposes elastic recovery forces in said laminate by bearing through said bearing elements against the corresponding edges of said glass ply or against those edges and against the corresponding edges of said metal ply.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
27 words
A reflector according to claim 27, wherein the margins of said metal ply which include said edges thereof project beyond the corresponding edges of said glass ply.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
60 words
A reflector according to claim 25 or 26, wherein said holding device and said laminate have cooperating abutments by which the elastic recovery forces in said laminate are transmitted to said holding device to hold said laminate in curved condition and said abutments on said laminate and/or said holding device include screw-adjustable means for adjusting the curvature of said laminate.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
31 words
A reflector according to claim 25 or 26, which is curved and which comprises a plurality of said laminates which are installed adjacent to each other and held in curved condition.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
111 words
A method of making a curved radiant energy reflector comprising bonding, by means of a continuous layer of a bonding medium, the rear face of a flat, unitary glass ply having front and rear faces and a thickness of between 0.6 and 1.0 mm to a flat metal ply in an inter-ply bond, to form a laminate which includes a radiant-energy reflecting surface, applying force to said laminate in order to impart to said laminate a curvature such that the front face of said glass ply is concave, and installing the curved laminate in a holding device which holds said laminate in curved condition against elastic recovery forces in said laminate.
Claim 34
Independent Claim
111 words
A method of making a curved radiant energy reflector comprising bonding, by means of a continuous layer of a bonding medium, the rear face of a flat, unitary glass ply having front and rear faces and a thickness of between 0.6 and 1.0 mm to a flat metal ply in an inter-ply bond, to form a laminate which includes a radiant-energy reflecting surface, applying force to said laminate in order to impart to said laminate a curvature such that the front face of said glass ply is concave, and installing the curved laminate in a holding device which holds said laminate in curved condition against elastic recovery forces in said laminate.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method according to claim 32, wherein said reflecting surface is the surface of said metal ply which is bonded to said glass ply.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 32, wherein said reflecting surface is a coating on said glass ply or said metal ply.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method according to claim 34, wherein said reflecting surface is a coating on the rear face of said glass ply.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method according to claim 32, 33, 34, or 35, wherein said glass and metal plies have thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses by flexing of said laminate.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
50 words
A method according to claim 36, wherein said glass and metal plies have thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that both the front and rear faces of said glass ply are subjected to compressive stresses by flexing of said laminate.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
30 words
A method according to claim 32, 33, 34, or 35, wherein the front face of said glass ply is held to a radius of curvature of less than 10 meters.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
182 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters, and opposed edges of said glass ply include buttressing means to relieve said bonding means of shear stresses tending to cause delamination when said laminate is flexed, and additionally comprising edge strips secured to opposed edges of said laminate, wherein said buttressing means comprise abutments interposed between said edges and said edge strips.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
182 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters, and opposed edges of said glass ply include buttressing means to relieve said bonding means of shear stresses tending to cause delamination when said laminate is flexed, and additionally comprising edge strips secured to opposed edges of said laminate, wherein said buttressing means comprise abutments interposed between said edges and said edge strips.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
194 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters, and additionally comprising a holding device by which said laminate is held in flexed condition against elastic recovery forces in the laminate and includes at least one axis of curvature, the front face of the glass ply being concave, and wherein said holding device maintains said laminate in flexed condition by forces transmitted wholly or in part through opposed edge faces of said glass ply.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
194 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters, and additionally comprising a holding device by which said laminate is held in flexed condition against elastic recovery forces in the laminate and includes at least one axis of curvature, the front face of the glass ply being concave, and wherein said holding device maintains said laminate in flexed condition by forces transmitted wholly or in part through opposed edge faces of said glass ply.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
58 words
A reflector according to claim 40, wherein said holding device and said laminate have cooperating abutments by which the elastic recovery forces in said laminate are transmitted to said holding device to hold said laminate in curved condition and said abutments on said laminate and/or said holding device include screw-adjustable means for adjusting the curvature of said laminate.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
29 words
A reflector according to claim 40, which is curved and which comprises a plurality of said laminates which are installed adjacent to each other and held in curved condition.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
226 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters, and additionally comprising a holding device by which said laminate is held in flexed condition against elastic recovery forces in the laminate and includes at least one axis of curvature, the front face of the glass ply being concave, and wherein said holding device extends across the opposed edges of said laminate which are parallel with an axis of curvature of said laminate and said device opposes elastic recovery forces in said laminate by bearing directly against the corresponding edges of said glass ply or against those edges and against the corresponding edges of said metal ply.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
226 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters, and additionally comprising a holding device by which said laminate is held in flexed condition against elastic recovery forces in the laminate and includes at least one axis of curvature, the front face of the glass ply being concave, and wherein said holding device extends across the opposed edges of said laminate which are parallel with an axis of curvature of said laminate and said device opposes elastic recovery forces in said laminate by bearing directly against the corresponding edges of said glass ply or against those edges and against the corresponding edges of said metal ply.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
27 words
A reflector according to claim 43, wherein the margins of said metal ply which includes said edges thereof project beyond the corresponding edges of said glass ply.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
239 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters, and additionally comprising a holding device by which said laminate is held in flexed condition against elastic recovery forces in the laminate and includes at least one axis of curvature, the front face of the glass ply being concave, and bearing elements interposed between said holding device and said laminate, wherein said holding device extends across the opposed edges of said laminate which are parallel with an axis of curvature of said laminate and said device opposes elastic recovery forces in said laminate by bearing through said bearing elements against the corresponding edges of said glass ply or against those edges and against the corresponding edges of said metal ply.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
239 words
A flexible radiant energy reflector including a laminate comprising a metal ply, a glass ply having a front face and a rear face, means bonding said glass ply over the entire area of its rear face to said metal ply in an inter-ply bond and means associated with one of the plies and providing a radiant-energy reflecting surface, wherein said metal and glass plies are given relative thicknesses and moduli of elasticity such, and said bonding means provides an inter-ply bond of such efficiency, that the rear face of said glass ply is not subjected to tensile stresses when the laminate is flexed, within the elastic limit of said metal ply, to give the front face of said glass ply a concave curvature of a radius of 10 meters, and additionally comprising a holding device by which said laminate is held in flexed condition against elastic recovery forces in the laminate and includes at least one axis of curvature, the front face of the glass ply being concave, and bearing elements interposed between said holding device and said laminate, wherein said holding device extends across the opposed edges of said laminate which are parallel with an axis of curvature of said laminate and said device opposes elastic recovery forces in said laminate by bearing through said bearing elements against the corresponding edges of said glass ply or against those edges and against the corresponding edges of said metal ply.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
FR1241057A
Cited
FR2111683A1
Cited
GB1368785A
Cited
US3959056A
Cited
GB1453257A
Cited
DE2713351A1
Cited
US4124277A
Cited
US4229077A
Cited
US4239344A
Cited
US4139270A
Cited
JPS54136849A
Cited
US4238265A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1985-07-05 | 1986-01-04 | 1986-07-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1989-07-05 | 1990-01-04 | 1990-07-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1993-07-05 | 1994-01-04 | 1994-07-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |