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US4224125A
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US
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Enzyme electrode
Assignee: Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Filing: 1978-09-26
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Granted: 1980-09-23
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Expires: 1998-09-26
Abstract
Abstract An enzyme electrode, which comprises an oxidoreductase including, where necessary, a coenzyme; a redox polymer acting as an electron mediator in an enzymatic reaction; and an electron collector, wherein the oxidoreductase and the redox polymer are both maintained in the immobilized state on or in the neighborhood of the electron collector by either one of the methods of; entrapping them with a semi-permeable membrane in the neighborhood of the electron collector, or chemically superimposing them on the electron collector or moulding them including the electron collector in a unit with the help of chemical treatment.
Inventors
- 👤 Kenichi Nakamura
- 👤 Shiro Nankai
- 👤 Takashi Iijima
- 👤 Masataro Fukuda
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 09:47
CPC Classifications
H; H01; H01M; H01M4/00; H01M4/86; H01M4/90; H01M4/9008; C; C12; C12Q; C12Q1/00; C12Q1/001; C12Q1/004; H01M8/00; H01M8/16; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
76 words
An enzyme electrode which at least comprises an oxidoreductase enzyme, an artificial redox compound acting as an electron mediator in an enzymatic reaction associated with said oxidoreductase, said redox compound being selected from the group consisting of p-benzoquinone, methylene blue, 2,6-dichloropholindophenol, potassium ferricyanide, thionine, gallocyanine, indophenol and a riboflavin -5'-phosphate ester, and an electron collector, said oxidoreductase enzyme and said redox compound being in an immobilized state in juxtaposition or in contact with said electron collector.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
76 words
An enzyme electrode which at least comprises an oxidoreductase enzyme, an artificial redox compound acting as an electron mediator in an enzymatic reaction associated with said oxidoreductase, said redox compound being selected from the group consisting of p-benzoquinone, methylene blue, 2,6-dichloropholindophenol, potassium ferricyanide, thionine, gallocyanine, indophenol and a riboflavin -5'-phosphate ester, and an electron collector, said oxidoreductase enzyme and said redox compound being in an immobilized state in juxtaposition or in contact with said electron collector.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
43 words
An enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 1, which further includes a coenzyme for acting as said electron mediator in co-operation with said redox compound, wherein said coenzyme is in an immobilized state in juxtaposition on or in contact with said electron collector.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
An enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 2, wherein said redox compound is in the form of a polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
40 words
An enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 2, wherein said redox compound is immobilized by being affixed to the electron collector by covalent chemical bonds as a result of a chemical reaction between the electron collector and the redox compound.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
19 words
An enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein said redox compound is in the form of a polymer.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
40 words
An enzyme electrode as claimed in claim 1, wherein said redox compound is immobilized by being affixed to the electron collector by covalent chemical bonds as a result of a chemical reaction between the electron collector and the redox compound.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
149 words
An enzyme electrode according to claim 1, which comprises a cylindrical electrode holder made of an electrically insulating material containing a recess provided in the bottom end of the holder; an electron collector 2 in a disc-like configuration located in the recess provided at the bottom end of said holder; a semi-permeable membrane covering and enclosing the whole bottom face of the extending longitudinal peripheral surface of the electrode holder so as to provide a space between the electron collector and the membrane; a ring for affixing the membrane to the outer peripheral surface of the holder 1 and a leading wire in contact with the electron collector and extending outward from the top of the electrode holder; wherein the oxidoreductase enzyme and the redox compound are in an immobilized state in the space between the electron collector and the membrane covering the bottom of the cylindrical electrode holder.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
35 words
An enzyme electrode according to claim 7, wherein the electron collector is made out of platinum and the semi-permeable membrane is made out of a material selected from the group consisting of cellophane and collodion.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
47 words
An enzyme electrode according to claim 8, wherein the redox compound is in the form of a polymer, and wherein the polymeric redox compound and oxidoreductase material are each of such molecular size as to be incapable of permeating through the semi-permeable membrane, thereby being immobilized within.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
39 words
An enzyme electrode according to claim 7, wherein the redox compound is immobilized by being affixed onto the electron collector by covalent chemical bonds as a result of a chemical reaction between the redox compound and the electron collector.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1983-09-23 | 1984-03-24 | 1984-09-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1987-09-23 | 1988-03-24 | 1988-09-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1991-09-23 | 1992-03-24 | 1992-09-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |