US4043869A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Water insoluble biologically active material
Assignee: KOCH-LIGHT Ltd
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Filing: 1975-10-01
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Granted: 1977-08-23
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Expires: 1995-10-01
Abstract
Abstract The invention relates to biologically active protein molecules, such as enzymes, attached to water-insoluble solids to render the molecules insoluble. In one aspect the attachment is effected by molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene adsorbed on a surface of the solid and chemically linked to the protein molecules. This invention also provides methods for reactivating inactivated biologically active material characterized by a water-insoluble solid with a surface to which has been adsorbed molecules of a diazotized aromatic amine chemically bonded to biologically active protein molecules. One method comprises a) adsorbing additional molecules of a diazotized aromatic diamine on said surface, and b) attaching fresh biologically active protein molecules to said additional molecules of diazotized aromatic diamines. Another method comprises a) treating said material with sodium dithionite to regenerate amine groups, and b) diazotizing said amine groups, and c) attaching thereto biologically active protein molecules.
Inventors
- 👤 Sidney Alan Barker
- 👤 Charles John Gray
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 20:00
CPC Classifications
C; C12; C12N; C12N11/00; C12P; C12P1/00; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S530/00; Y10S530/81; Y10S530/811; Y10S530/812; Y10S530/813; Y10S530/814; Y10S530/815; Y10S530/816
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 41
Claim 1
Independent Claim
34 words
Biologically active material which comprises a water-insoluble solid with a surface to which molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene are linked by adsorption, and biologically active protein molecules chemically bonded to said molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
34 words
Biologically active material which comprises a water-insoluble solid with a surface to which molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene are linked by adsorption, and biologically active protein molecules chemically bonded to said molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said biologically active protein is an enzyme.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said biologically active protein is a coenzyme.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
34 words
A material as claimed in claim 2 in which said enzyme is selected from the group consisting of glucosidase, dextranase, α-amylase, catalase, glucose oxidase, thermolysin, N-acetyl amino acid amidohydrolase, peroxidase, chymotrypsin, uricase, and papain.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
29 words
A material as claimed in claim 2 in which said enzyme is selected from the group consisting of glucose isomerase, isoamylase, pullulanase, urease, pronase, lactate dehydrogenase and cholin esterase.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
Material as claimed in claim 1 in which any unreacted diazo groups of said molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene have been rendered chemically inert.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
34 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said surface to which said biologically active protein molecules are attached has free hydroxyl groups prior to adsorption thereon of the molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said surface to which said biologically active protein molecules are attached has free polyamide groups prior to adsorption thereon of the molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
25 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said solid is selected from the group consisting of silica, nylon, natural cellulose and regenerated cellulose.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said solid is selected from the group consisting of a diatomaceous earth, polysaccharide, polyamide, polycarbonate, polyester, polyurethane, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, and iron oxide.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said surface is polar.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
11 words
A packed bed reactor containing a material according to claim 1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
17 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said water-insoluble solid is a porous molecular sieve.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said water-insoluble solid is a bead.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
15 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said water-insoluble solid is a tube.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
16 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said water-insoluble solid is a sheet filter.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
15 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said water-insoluble solid is a membrane.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
A material as claimed in claim 17 wherein the biologically active protein molecules are identical and attached to one or both faces of said membrane.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
24 words
A material as claimed in claim 17 wherein the biologically active protein molecules are different and attached to the same face of the membrane.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
A material as claimed in claim 17 wherein different biologically active protein molecules are attached to opposite faces of the membrane.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
30 words
A material as claimed in claim 1 in which said solid is selected from the group consisting of cross-linked dextran, polyacrylamide, carboxymethyl cellulose, diethyl amino ethyl cellulose, and cellulose acetate.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
46 words
Biologically active material which comprises a water-insoluble solid, selected from the group consisting of porous glass, porous silica and wood, with a surface to which molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene are linked by adsorption, and biologically active protein molecules chemically bonded to said molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
46 words
Biologically active material which comprises a water-insoluble solid, selected from the group consisting of porous glass, porous silica and wood, with a surface to which molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene are linked by adsorption, and biologically active protein molecules chemically bonded to said molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
15 words
A material as claimed in claim 22 in which said solid is a balsa wood.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
32 words
A method for the preparation of biologically active material, which comprises: chemically bonding biologically active protein molecules to molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene linked by adsorption to a surface of a water-insoluble solid.
Claim 27
Independent Claim
32 words
A method for the preparation of biologically active material, which comprises: chemically bonding biologically active protein molecules to molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene linked by adsorption to a surface of a water-insoluble solid.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 24 in which said molecules of m-diamino-benzene are diazotized in the presence of said water-insoluble solid.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 24 in which said molecules of m-diamino-benzene are diazotized before they are adsorbed on said surface.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method as claimed in claim 24 in which said molecules of m-diamino-benzene are adsorbed on said surface and then said molecules are diazotized.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as claimed in claim 25 in which any residual diazo groups of said biologically active material are made chemically inert.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as claimed in claim 28 in which any residual diazo groups are made chemically inert by reacting them with a phenol.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
13 words
A method as claimed in claim 29 in which said phenol is β-naphthol.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
32 words
A method as claimed in claim 24 in which any residual diazo groups are reacted to make said groups chemically inert and to alter the microenvironment of said biologically active protein molecules.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as claimed in claim 24 in which said surface on which said molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene are adsorbed contains free hydroxyl groups prior to adsorbing thereon the molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as claimed in claim 24 in which said surface on which said molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene are adsorbed contains free polyamide groups prior to adsorbing thereon the molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 37
Independent Claim
69 words
A method for reactivating an inactivated biologically active material comprising a water-insoluble solid with a surface to which molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene are linked by adsorption, and inactivated biologically active protein molecules are chemically bonded to said molecules of said diazotized m-diamino-benzene, which comprises: a. adsorbing additional molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene on said surface; and b. attaching fresh biologically active protein molecules to said additional molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 38
Independent Claim
69 words
A method for reactivating an inactivated biologically active material comprising a water-insoluble solid with a surface to which molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene are linked by adsorption, and inactivated biologically active protein molecules are chemically bonded to said molecules of said diazotized m-diamino-benzene, which comprises: a. adsorbing additional molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene on said surface; and b. attaching fresh biologically active protein molecules to said additional molecules of diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
Claim 39
Independent Claim
70 words
A method for reactivating an inactivated biologically active material comprising water-insoluble solid with a surface to which molecules of a diazotized aromatic diamine are linked by adsorption, and inactivated biologically active protein molecules are chemically bonded to said molecules of said diazotized aromatic diamine, which comprises: a. treating said material with sodium dithionite to regenerate amine groups; b. diazotizing said amine groups; and c. attaching thereto biologically active protein molecules.
Claim 40
Independent Claim
70 words
A method for reactivating an inactivated biologically active material comprising water-insoluble solid with a surface to which molecules of a diazotized aromatic diamine are linked by adsorption, and inactivated biologically active protein molecules are chemically bonded to said molecules of said diazotized aromatic diamine, which comprises: a. treating said material with sodium dithionite to regenerate amine groups; b. diazotizing said amine groups; and c. attaching thereto biologically active protein molecules.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as claimed in claim 35, wherein said diazotized aromatic diamine is diazotized m-diamino-benzene.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-08-22 | 1981-02-21 | 1981-08-23 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-08-22 | 1985-02-21 | 1985-08-23 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-08-22 | 1989-02-21 | 1989-08-23 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |