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Patent US4016099A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4016099A
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US
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Method of forming encapsulated toner particles
Assignee: Xerox Corp
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Filing: 1972-03-27
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Granted: 1977-04-05
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Expires: 1992-03-27
Abstract
Abstract A method is provided for forming encapsulated particles comprising forming a dispersion of core material in a solution of wall material in a solvent; drowning said dispersion in at least one liquid which is miscible with the solvent and in which at least the wall material is substantially insoluble, to effect phase-separation of said wall material, whereby said wall material deposits about said core material forming a dilute dispersion of particles comprising said core material encapsulated with said wall material in said liquid, and recovering said encapsulated particles from said liquid.
Inventors
- 👤 Russel E. Wellman
- 👤 Robert W. Brown
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 14:35
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61K; A61K8/00; A61K8/02; A61K8/11; A61Q; A61Q19/00; B; B01; B01J; B01J13/00; B01J13/02; B01J13/06; B01J13/08; B01J13/12; G; G03; G03G; G03G9/00; G03G9/08; G03G9/093; G03G9/09392; A61K2800/00; A61K2800/40; A61K2800/41; A61K2800/412; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/29; Y10T428/2982; Y10T428/2984; Y10T428/2985; Y10T428/2987
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 18
Claim 1
Independent Claim
133 words
A method of forming encapsulated toner particles comprising: a. Forming a dispersion of core material in a solution of wall material in a solvent by dissolving said core material and said wall material in a solvent to form a solution and effecting preferential phase-separation of said core material from said solution, said dispersion also containing a colorant selected from the group consisting of dyes and pigments and mixtures thereof dispersed therein; b. Drowning said dispersion in at least one liquid which is miscible with the solvent and in which at least the wall material is substantially insoluble to effect phase-separation of said wall material forming a dilute dispersion of particles comprising said core material encapsulated with said wall material in said liquid and; c. Recovering said colored encapsulated toner particles from said liquid.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
133 words
A method of forming encapsulated toner particles comprising: a. Forming a dispersion of core material in a solution of wall material in a solvent by dissolving said core material and said wall material in a solvent to form a solution and effecting preferential phase-separation of said core material from said solution, said dispersion also containing a colorant selected from the group consisting of dyes and pigments and mixtures thereof dispersed therein; b. Drowning said dispersion in at least one liquid which is miscible with the solvent and in which at least the wall material is substantially insoluble to effect phase-separation of said wall material forming a dilute dispersion of particles comprising said core material encapsulated with said wall material in said liquid and; c. Recovering said colored encapsulated toner particles from said liquid.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the core material is an organic polymer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the wall material is an organic polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the wall material comprises a styrene polymer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the wall material exhibits a blocking temperature of at least about 100° F.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the liquid which is miscible with the solvent is a non-solvent for the core material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein phase-separation of the core material is effected by evaporation of the solvent.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein upon drowning, said dispersion is substantially uniformly dispersed in the non-solvent liquid prior to substantial completion of phase-separation of the wall material from the solvent therefor.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the volume ratio of the liquid in which the wall material is substantially insoluble to the core dispersion to be drowned therein, ranges above at least about 4:1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method as defined in claim 9 wherein the volume ratio ranges from about 4:1 to about 8:1.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the dissolved solids content of the solution of core and wall material in a solvent ranges from about 0.5 to about 50% by weight based on the total weight of solution.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the weight ratio of wall material to core material ranges from about 99:1 to about 1:99.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the pigment is carbon black.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the colorant is added in amounts ranging from about 3 to about 20 weight percent based on the total weight of the colored encapsulated toner particle.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method as defined in claim 1 wherein the liquid which is miscible with the solvent for the wall material and which affects phase-separation of the wall material is selected from the group consisting of water, alcohols, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
134 words
A method of forming encapsulated toner particles comprising: a. Forming a dispersion of core material in a solution of wall material in a solvent by emulsifying a solution of core and wall material in a common solvent and effecting phase-separation of core material by addition of a non-solvent for said core material, said dispersion also containing a colorant selected from the group consisting of dyes and pigments and mixtures thereof dispersed therein; b. Drowning said dispersion in at least one liquid which is miscible with the solvent and in which at least the wall material is substantially insoluble to effect phase-separation of said wall material forming a dilute dispersion of particles comprising said core material encapsulated with said wall material in said liquid and; c. Recovering said colored encapsulated toner particles from said liquid.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
134 words
A method of forming encapsulated toner particles comprising: a. Forming a dispersion of core material in a solution of wall material in a solvent by emulsifying a solution of core and wall material in a common solvent and effecting phase-separation of core material by addition of a non-solvent for said core material, said dispersion also containing a colorant selected from the group consisting of dyes and pigments and mixtures thereof dispersed therein; b. Drowning said dispersion in at least one liquid which is miscible with the solvent and in which at least the wall material is substantially insoluble to effect phase-separation of said wall material forming a dilute dispersion of particles comprising said core material encapsulated with said wall material in said liquid and; c. Recovering said colored encapsulated toner particles from said liquid.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-04-04 | 1980-10-04 | 1981-04-05 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-04-04 | 1984-10-04 | 1985-04-05 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-04-04 | 1988-10-04 | 1989-04-05 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |