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US4008717A
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US
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System for continuous withdrawal and analysis of blood
Assignee: Johns Hopkins University
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Filing: 1976-03-05
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Granted: 1977-02-22
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Expires: 1996-03-05
Abstract
Abstract A small, portable, constant withdrawal device is connected to tubing, including a catheter, whose internal walls are coated with heparin. The catheter is inserted intravenously through a disposal needle into a subject such as a human being. The subject may then move about for a selected period when blood is being slowly withdrawn at a prescribed rate and collected in a container within a housing supporting the device. The collected blood may then be analyzed to permit the measurement of the integrated concentration of glucose, growth hormone or other material in blood. In addition, a portable microdiffusion chamber is incorporated between the indwelling catheter and the extra corporal tubing and is electrically connected through a sensor probe to an associated sensory responsive device. This permits continuous analysis of the withdrawn blood to determine the in vivo concentration of circulating concentrations of materials in the blood.
Inventors
- 👤 Allen A. Kowarski
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-22 20:23
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/15; A61B5/150007; A61B5/150366; A61B5/145; A61B5/14532; A61B5/150015; A61B5/15003; A61B5/150206; A61B5/150229; A61B5/150267; A61B5/150374; A61B5/150381; A61B5/150389; A61B5/150503; A61B5/150519; A61B5/150755; A61B5/150946; A61B5/155; A61B5/157; A61L; A61L29/00; A61L29/08; A61L29/085; A61L33/00; A61L33/0005; A61L33/0011; A61M; A61M25/00; A61M25/01; A61M25/0105; A61M25/0111; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S128/00; Y10S128/01
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
139 words
A system for continuously withdrawing blood from a subject and determining in vivo concentration of biological materials in the blood, comprising, means insertable into a vein of a subject for providing a passageway for blood being withdrawn from the subject, means engaging only an extra-corporal section of said passageway-providing means for controlling the withdrawing of the blood slowly from the vein at a predetermined constant rate and for a predetermined extended period, means connected to an extra-corporal section of said passageway-providing means for causing diffusion of a diffusible substance of the blood into an amount of diluent, and means for detecting and measuring the concentration of said diffused substance whereby said means responds by the generation of electrical energy in relation to the concentration of the diffused substance, and wherein all blood engaging portions of the system are non-thrombogenic.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
139 words
A system for continuously withdrawing blood from a subject and determining in vivo concentration of biological materials in the blood, comprising, means insertable into a vein of a subject for providing a passageway for blood being withdrawn from the subject, means engaging only an extra-corporal section of said passageway-providing means for controlling the withdrawing of the blood slowly from the vein at a predetermined constant rate and for a predetermined extended period, means connected to an extra-corporal section of said passageway-providing means for causing diffusion of a diffusible substance of the blood into an amount of diluent, and means for detecting and measuring the concentration of said diffused substance whereby said means responds by the generation of electrical energy in relation to the concentration of the diffused substance, and wherein all blood engaging portions of the system are non-thrombogenic.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
A system as recited in claim 1, wherein all blood engaging portions of the system are rendered non-thrombogenic by treatment thereof with heparin.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
83 words
A system as recited in claim 1 wherein said diffusion means includes a first chamber means connected in line with said passageway-providing means for permitting the withdrawn blood to pass therethrough, a second chamber means positioned adjacent to said first chamber means, and containing an amount of diluent, each of said first and second chamber means having an open wall, a membrane separating said open walls of said chamber which permits the diffusion of a diffusible substance of the blood into the diluent.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
55 words
A system as recited in claim 3 wherein said detecting and measuring means includes a probe mounted within said second chamber means which responds by the generation of electrical energy in relation to the concentration of a diffused substance, and a recording device electrically connected to said probe for recording the detected and measured energy.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
67 words
A system as recited in claim 1 wherein said system additionally includes a mixing chamber disposed intermediately on said passageway -- providing means and adapted to receive blood therefrom, means for feeding diluent into said mixing chamber at a predetermined rate, mixing means located in said mixing chamber for mixing said diluent and said blood together, and wherein all blood engaging portions of the system are non-thrombogenic.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
38 words
A system as recited in claim 5 wherein said means for detecting and measuring the concentration of diffused substance is disposed in a sensing chamber located at a position remote from, but operatively connected to, said mixing chamber.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
21 words
A system as recited in claim 6 wherein said detecting and measuring means includes a probe mounted within said sensing chamber.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
34 words
A system as recited in claim 7 wherein said probe has a tip and wherein a membrane is disposed over said tip to form a cavity defined by said probe tip and said membrane.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
13 words
A system as recited in claim 8 wherein said cavity contains a diluent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
A system as recited in claim 9 wherein said means for feeding diluent into said mixing chamber at a predetermined rate comprises a milking device in operative association with a diluent reservoir.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
39 words
A system as recited in claim 10 wherein said mixing means located in said mixing chamber includes a magnetic stirring bar driven by a magnetic stirrer located outside said mixing chamber and magnetically coupled to said magnetic stirring bar.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
25 words
A system as recited in claim 11 wherein all blood engaging portions of said system are non-thrombogenic, being rendered non-thrombogenic by treatment thereof with heparin.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
64 words
A system as recited in claim 1 wherein said system additionally includes a mixing chamber disposed intermediately on said passageway -- providing means and adapted to receive blood therefrom, means for feeding diluent into said mixing chamber at a predetermined rate, mixing means located in said mixing chamber for mixing said diluent and said blood together, and wherein said diluent contains a non-thrombogenic material.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
A system as recited in claim 13 wherein said non-thrombogenic material is heparin.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1980-02-22 | 1980-08-23 | 1981-02-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1984-02-22 | 1984-08-23 | 1985-02-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1988-02-22 | 1988-08-23 | 1989-02-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |