US3982233A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Core memory with improved sense-inhibit recovery time
Assignee: Ampex Systems Corp
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Filing: 1974-02-19
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Granted: 1976-09-21
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Expires: 1994-02-19
Abstract
Abstract A three wire 3D core memory which utilizes the same balanced pairs of sense-inhibit conductors to conduct both high energy common mode inhibit currents and low energy differential mode core switching signals includes pairs of antiparallel Schottky diodes interconnecting the conductor pairs at symmetrical positions therealong intermediate the cores of each memory mat. As high energy common mode inhibit currents are generated small deviations from perfect symmetry of electrical characteristics along the sense-inhibit conductors results in the appearance of differential voltages which are substantial in comparison to switching signal voltages. The sense-inhibit recovery time required for dissipation of these spurious differential voltage signals before a memory read cycle can proceed consumes a substantial portion of a memory cycle for large stacks. The Schottky diodes substantially reduce this recovery time to greatly improve memory cycle time by limiting the differential voltages to the low threshold forward conduction voltage thereof and by appearing as transmission line discontinuities to break up differential voltage signals which remain after termination of an inhibit current into higher frequency harmonic components which are more rapidly attenuated. The Schottky diodes have no substantial effect upon the sensed output switching signals because the threshold forward bias voltage of the Schottky diodes is greater than the peak switching signal voltage.
Inventors
- 👤 Rex John Crookshanks
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 16:36
CPC Classifications
G; G11; G11C; G11C11/00; G11C11/02; G11C11/06; G11C11/06007; G11C11/06014; G11C11/06021; G11C11/06028; G11C11/06035
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 32
Claim 1
Independent Claim
180 words
A magnetic core memory comprising at least one array of magnetic cores; a plurality of conductors inductively coupled for selectively switching cores in the array and for sensing output voltage signals generated by selectively switched cores; a sense amplifier coupled to at least one of said conductors to sense output voltage signals generated thereon by selectively switched cores; and a non-linear electrical circuit connected to the at least one conductor to modify electric signals appearing thereon, said electrical circuit being connected to the one conductor at a position intermediate the array with the one conductor being inductively coupled to magnetic cores of the array on each side of the connection position and with magnetic cores inductively coupled to the conductor on at least one side of the connection being disposed along the conductor between the connection position and the sense amplifier, said conductor being coupled to carry current between a current source and a current sink with a connection position and cores inductively coupled to the conductor on both sides thereof being disposed between the current source and current sink.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
180 words
A magnetic core memory comprising at least one array of magnetic cores; a plurality of conductors inductively coupled for selectively switching cores in the array and for sensing output voltage signals generated by selectively switched cores; a sense amplifier coupled to at least one of said conductors to sense output voltage signals generated thereon by selectively switched cores; and a non-linear electrical circuit connected to the at least one conductor to modify electric signals appearing thereon, said electrical circuit being connected to the one conductor at a position intermediate the array with the one conductor being inductively coupled to magnetic cores of the array on each side of the connection position and with magnetic cores inductively coupled to the conductor on at least one side of the connection being disposed along the conductor between the connection position and the sense amplifier, said conductor being coupled to carry current between a current source and a current sink with a connection position and cores inductively coupled to the conductor on both sides thereof being disposed between the current source and current sink.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
64 words
The magnetic core memory as set forth in claim 1 above, wherein said electrical circuit has a nonlinear threshold characteristic and presents a transmission line discontinuity to high frequency electrical signals appearing on the one conductor with a magnitude in excess of the threshold while having a minimal effect upon electrical signals appearing on the one conductor with a magnitude less than the threshold.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
67 words
The magnetic core memory as set forth in claim 1 above, wherein said electrical circuit has a nonlinear threshold voltage characteristic and presents a transmission line discontinuity to electrical signals appearing on the one conductor with a voltage magnitude in excess of the threshold voltage while having substantially no effect upon electrical signals appearing upon the one conductor with a voltage magnitude less than the threshold voltage.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
21 words
The magnetic core memory as set forth in claim 3 above, wherein said electrical circuit includes at least one Schottky diode.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
30 words
The magnetic core memory as set forth in claim 3 above, wherein said electrical circuit includes a nonlinear circuit element having a series capacitance of less than 2 pico farads.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
26 words
The magnetic core memory as set forth in claim 3 above, wherein the threshold voltage of said circuit element is not greater than approximately 200 millivolts.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
60 words
The magnetic core memory as set forth in claim 3 above, wherein said one conductor is a sense-inhibit conductor selectively carrying an inhibit current to inhibit the switching of a core in the array during a memory write cycle and carrying an output switching signal generated by the switching of flux in a selected core during a memory read cycle.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
77 words
The magnetic core memory as set forth in claim 7 above, wherein said one conductor inductively couples approximately half of the cores in the array, wherein said plurality of conductors includes a second sense-inhibit conductor inductively coupling substantially all of the cores in the array not coupled by the one conductor in a manner providing an electrical balance between the one and second conductor, and wherein the electrical circuit is coupled between the one and second conductors.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
22 words
The magnetic core memory as set forth in claim 8 above, wherein the electrical circuit includes a pair of anti-parallel Schottky diodes.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
228 words
A three wire three dimensional core memory comprising: a plurality of mats, each including an array of at least 2048 magnetic memory cores and providing memory for one bit position of a multibit addressed memory word; a plurality of drive conductors coupled to selectively switch one core in each mat at an addressed memory location; a pair of sense-inhibit conductors for each mat, the two conductors of each pair being connected together at one end and inductively coupled to an approximately equal number of cores from the mat, the conductors being in close physical proximity to each other at at least one point intermediate the mat equidistant along the conductors from the point of connection together and being inductively coupled to cores on each side of the point of close proximity; a plurality of electronic circuits, each being connected between a pair of sense-inhibit conductors at a point of close proximity and blocking the communication thereacross of components of differential core switching signals below a threshold magnitude sufficient to permit the detection of core switching signals on the sense-inhibit conductors while permitting the communication thereacross of components of differential signals greater than the threshold magnitude; and a plurality of sensing circuits, each sensing circuit being connected to sense differential core switching signals appearing across a different pair of conductors at the ends thereof opposite the point of connection.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
228 words
A three wire three dimensional core memory comprising: a plurality of mats, each including an array of at least 2048 magnetic memory cores and providing memory for one bit position of a multibit addressed memory word; a plurality of drive conductors coupled to selectively switch one core in each mat at an addressed memory location; a pair of sense-inhibit conductors for each mat, the two conductors of each pair being connected together at one end and inductively coupled to an approximately equal number of cores from the mat, the conductors being in close physical proximity to each other at at least one point intermediate the mat equidistant along the conductors from the point of connection together and being inductively coupled to cores on each side of the point of close proximity; a plurality of electronic circuits, each being connected between a pair of sense-inhibit conductors at a point of close proximity and blocking the communication thereacross of components of differential core switching signals below a threshold magnitude sufficient to permit the detection of core switching signals on the sense-inhibit conductors while permitting the communication thereacross of components of differential signals greater than the threshold magnitude; and a plurality of sensing circuits, each sensing circuit being connected to sense differential core switching signals appearing across a different pair of conductors at the ends thereof opposite the point of connection.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
29 words
The core memory as set forth in claim 10 above, wherein each electronic circuit provides a capacitive coupling between the conductors connected thereto of not more than 2 pico-farads.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
20 words
The memory as set forth in claim 11 above, wherein each electronic circuit comprises a pair of anti-parallel Schottky diodes.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
23 words
The core memory as set forth in claim 10 above, wherein each of the plurality of mats includes at least 16,000 memory cores.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
167 words
For use in a magnetic memory having approximately balanced pairs of conductors inductively coupled to memory elements between drive ends and sink ends and which conduct approximately equal common mode signals some times between the drive ends and sink ends and conduct differential mode signals at other times, a device for increasing the attenuation rate of differential signals appearing across equivalent points along the conductors upon termination of common mode signals comprising at least one electrical circuit coupled between equivalent points along the pair of conductors with memory elements disposed along the conductors between the equivalent points and sink ends, the circuit including means for blocking the conduction through the circuit of at least a component of a differential mode signal which is below a selected threshold of at least 20 millivolts during at least a part of said other times and conducting at least a component of a differential mode signal which is above a selected threshold during at least a part of said some times.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
167 words
For use in a magnetic memory having approximately balanced pairs of conductors inductively coupled to memory elements between drive ends and sink ends and which conduct approximately equal common mode signals some times between the drive ends and sink ends and conduct differential mode signals at other times, a device for increasing the attenuation rate of differential signals appearing across equivalent points along the conductors upon termination of common mode signals comprising at least one electrical circuit coupled between equivalent points along the pair of conductors with memory elements disposed along the conductors between the equivalent points and sink ends, the circuit including means for blocking the conduction through the circuit of at least a component of a differential mode signal which is below a selected threshold of at least 20 millivolts during at least a part of said other times and conducting at least a component of a differential mode signal which is above a selected threshold during at least a part of said some times.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
26 words
The device as set forth in claim 14 above, wherein the electrical circuit has a series capacitance of not more than 3 picofarads when conducting current.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
20 words
The device as set forth in claim 14 above, wherein the electrical circuit includes a pair of antiparallel Schottky diodes.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
97 words
A core memory stack comprising: an array of magnetic storage elements; drive conductors inductively coupled to selectively switch magnetic storage elements in the array; a pair of sense-inhibit conductors, each inductively coupling approximately half of the storage elements in the array; and at least one threshold signal level transmission line discontinuity element electrically connected to both of the sense-inhibit conductors at a position therealong intermediate the array and appearing as a transmission line discontinuity to voltage signals in excess of the threshold but having substantially no effect on storage element induced switching signals less than the threshold.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
97 words
A core memory stack comprising: an array of magnetic storage elements; drive conductors inductively coupled to selectively switch magnetic storage elements in the array; a pair of sense-inhibit conductors, each inductively coupling approximately half of the storage elements in the array; and at least one threshold signal level transmission line discontinuity element electrically connected to both of the sense-inhibit conductors at a position therealong intermediate the array and appearing as a transmission line discontinuity to voltage signals in excess of the threshold but having substantially no effect on storage element induced switching signals less than the threshold.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
192 words
A core memory comprising: a plurality of magnetic cores; a drive system inductively coupled to drive first selected cores with magnetimotive forces of sufficient magnitude to induce switching; a pair of sense-inhibit conductors inductively coupled to selectively oppose the switching of first selected cores and generate a differential voltage across a pair of terminals of the pair of sense-inhibit conductors in response to the switching of a first selected core; a current driver, connected to selectively drive first terminals of the pair of sense-inhibit conductors with substantially equal parallel currents; a differential sense amplifier coupled to sense differential voltages across terminals of the pair of sense-inhibit conductors and generate an output signal indicative thereof; and a non-linear electrical circuit electrically disposed intermediate the cores and interconnecting the pair of sense-inhibit conductors at approximately equal distances along the conductors from the first terminals thereof, the electrical circuit appearing as an open circuit to differential voltage signals below a threshold value sufficient to permit sensing of an output signal generated by the switching of a core and appearing as a substantially short circuit between the sense-inhibit conductors to differential voltages greater than the threshold.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
192 words
A core memory comprising: a plurality of magnetic cores; a drive system inductively coupled to drive first selected cores with magnetimotive forces of sufficient magnitude to induce switching; a pair of sense-inhibit conductors inductively coupled to selectively oppose the switching of first selected cores and generate a differential voltage across a pair of terminals of the pair of sense-inhibit conductors in response to the switching of a first selected core; a current driver, connected to selectively drive first terminals of the pair of sense-inhibit conductors with substantially equal parallel currents; a differential sense amplifier coupled to sense differential voltages across terminals of the pair of sense-inhibit conductors and generate an output signal indicative thereof; and a non-linear electrical circuit electrically disposed intermediate the cores and interconnecting the pair of sense-inhibit conductors at approximately equal distances along the conductors from the first terminals thereof, the electrical circuit appearing as an open circuit to differential voltage signals below a threshold value sufficient to permit sensing of an output signal generated by the switching of a core and appearing as a substantially short circuit between the sense-inhibit conductors to differential voltages greater than the threshold.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
32 words
The core memory as set forth in claim 18 above, wherein the sense amplifier is connected to sense differential voltages across second terminals of the sense-inhibit conductors opposite the first terminals thereof.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
31 words
The core memory as set forth in claim 18 above, wherein the nonlinear electrical circuit includes at least one Schottky diode having a small capacitance and a low forward threshold voltage.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
39 words
The core memory as set forth in claim 18, wherein memory cores are inductively coupled along each of the sense-inhibit conductors between the points of connection of each sense-inhibit conductor to a non-linear electrical circuit and the sense amplifier.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
79 words
In a magnetic memory having pairs of conductors alternately carrying high energy memory state control signals and lower energy differential switching signals the improvement comprising at least one circuit connected between each pair of said conductors at corresponding positions partway therealong including means for increasing the attenuation of differential components of high energy control signals appearing thereacross while having substantially no effect on at least a low energy component of the differential switching signals sufficient to permit detection thereof.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
79 words
In a magnetic memory having pairs of conductors alternately carrying high energy memory state control signals and lower energy differential switching signals the improvement comprising at least one circuit connected between each pair of said conductors at corresponding positions partway therealong including means for increasing the attenuation of differential components of high energy control signals appearing thereacross while having substantially no effect on at least a low energy component of the differential switching signals sufficient to permit detection thereof.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
209 words
A core memory comprising: an array of magnetic cores which are switchable between stable states of magnetization; a plurality of drive conductors inductively coupled to selectively switch cores in the array between stable states of magnetization; first and second sense-inhibit conductors, each being inductively coupled to approximately half of the cores in the array, the first and second sense-inhibit conductors being coupled to carry approximately balanced current for inhibiting the switching of a core in the array and subsequently to carry a differential voltage therebetween which is induced by the switching of a core inductively coupled to a sense-inhibit conductor; means for sensing coupled to sense core switching signals induced differentially between the first and second sense-inhibit conductors; and noise reduction circuitry coupled between the first and second sense-inhibit conductors at corresponding positions therealong having magnetic cores disposed between the points of connection of the noise reduction circuitry and the sensing means, the noise reduction circuitry including means for decreasing the time period required to attenuate differential noise signals which are induced on the first and second conductors by the inhibit currents and which interfere with the detection of the switching of a core, to a magnitude which does not prevent the sensing means from sensing core switching signals.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
209 words
A core memory comprising: an array of magnetic cores which are switchable between stable states of magnetization; a plurality of drive conductors inductively coupled to selectively switch cores in the array between stable states of magnetization; first and second sense-inhibit conductors, each being inductively coupled to approximately half of the cores in the array, the first and second sense-inhibit conductors being coupled to carry approximately balanced current for inhibiting the switching of a core in the array and subsequently to carry a differential voltage therebetween which is induced by the switching of a core inductively coupled to a sense-inhibit conductor; means for sensing coupled to sense core switching signals induced differentially between the first and second sense-inhibit conductors; and noise reduction circuitry coupled between the first and second sense-inhibit conductors at corresponding positions therealong having magnetic cores disposed between the points of connection of the noise reduction circuitry and the sensing means, the noise reduction circuitry including means for decreasing the time period required to attenuate differential noise signals which are induced on the first and second conductors by the inhibit currents and which interfere with the detection of the switching of a core, to a magnitude which does not prevent the sensing means from sensing core switching signals.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
194 words
A magnetic core memory comprising: at least one array of magnetic cores; a differential voltage sensing circuit having differential inputs; means for selectively switching the cores in the array; means for sensing output voltage signals generated by selectively switched cores, the switching and sensing means including first and second conductors which are inductively coupled to a plurality of cores in the array and which are coupled to differential inputs of the sensing circuit; and an electrical circuit connected to at least a first of said first and second conductors at a connection point having at least one memory core inductively coupled to the at least a first of said conductors between the connection point and the differential sensing circuit, the electrical circuit including means for interfering with the passage along the conductor past the connection point of large magnitude signals relative to a similar point on the other conductor of the first and second conductors having approximately the same number of memory cores between the similar point and the differential sensing circuit without substantial interference with the subsequent passage of a differential signal induced on the conductor by the switching of a magnetic core.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
194 words
A magnetic core memory comprising: at least one array of magnetic cores; a differential voltage sensing circuit having differential inputs; means for selectively switching the cores in the array; means for sensing output voltage signals generated by selectively switched cores, the switching and sensing means including first and second conductors which are inductively coupled to a plurality of cores in the array and which are coupled to differential inputs of the sensing circuit; and an electrical circuit connected to at least a first of said first and second conductors at a connection point having at least one memory core inductively coupled to the at least a first of said conductors between the connection point and the differential sensing circuit, the electrical circuit including means for interfering with the passage along the conductor past the connection point of large magnitude signals relative to a similar point on the other conductor of the first and second conductors having approximately the same number of memory cores between the similar point and the differential sensing circuit without substantial interference with the subsequent passage of a differential signal induced on the conductor by the switching of a magnetic core.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-09-21 | 1980-03-22 | 1980-09-21 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-09-21 | 1984-03-22 | 1984-09-21 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-09-21 | 1988-03-22 | 1988-09-21 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |