Surface treatment of particulate solids

Claim 1

A fire-fighting foam compatible fire-fighting powder composition consisting essentially of an acidic or neutral fire-extinguishing powder and from 0.1% to 5% of a partially-hydrophobic powdered silica having a surface area of at least 10 square meters per gram and carrying a surface treatment with a silane of the formula (R) n -- Si -- (L) 4-n where n has the value of 1, 2 or 3 and R is a hydrophobic group which is non-reactive to the silanol groups on the silica surface and is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group, the hydrocarbon group being selected from alkyl and alkenyl of up to 20 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, tolyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl, the substituent being selected from chlorine, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, or alkyl ether and L is a group which is reactive to the silanol groups on the silica surface and is a chlorine or an alkoxy group containing up to 5 carbon atoms, and possessing a degree of hydrophobicity measured by the methanol titration test in the range 5 to 35.

Claim 3

A method of imparting to an acidic or neutral fire-extinguishing powder compatibility with aqueous foams consisting essentially of intimately mixing the powder with 0.1% to 5% of a partially-hydrophobic powdered silica having a surface area of at least 10 square meters per gram and carrying a surface treatment with a silane of the formula (R) n -- Si -- (L) 4-n where n has the value of 1, 2 or 3 and R is a hydrophobic group which is non-reactive to the silanol groups on the silica surface and is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group, the hydrocarbon group being selected from alkyl and alkenyl of up to 20 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, tolyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl, the substituent being selected from chlorine, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, or alkyl ether and L is a group which is reactive to the silanol groups on the silica surface and is a chlorine or an alkoxy group containing up to 5 carbon atoms, and possessing a degree of hydrophobicity measured by the methanol titration test in the range 5 to 35.

Claim 4

A method of imparting to an acidic or neutral fire-extinguishing powder compatibility with aqueous foams consisting essentially of intimately mixing the powder with 0.1% to 5% of a partially-hydrophobic powdered silica having a surface area of at least 10 square meters per gram and carrying a surface treatment with a silane of the formula (R) n -- Si -- (L) 4-n where n has the value of 1, 2 or 3 and R is a hydrophobic group which is non-reactive to the silanol groups on the silica surface and is a hydrocarbon group or a substituted hydrocarbon group, the hydrocarbon group being selected from alkyl and alkenyl of up to 20 carbon atoms, phenyl, benzyl, tolyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl, the substituent being selected from chlorine, fluorine, trifluoromethyl, or alkyl ether and L is a group which is reactive to the silanol groups on the silica surface and is a chlorine or an alkoxy group containing up to 5 carbon atoms, and possessing a degree of hydrophobicity measured by the methanol titration test in the range 5 to 35.