Method of extinguishing fires and compositions therefor containing cationic silicone surfactants

Claim 2

Process as claimed in claim 2 wherein said silicone surfactant has the formula given in claim 2 wherein R is monovalent hydrocarbon; R* is selected from the class consisting of alkylene, hydroxy-substituted alkylene, alkyleneoxyalkylene and hydroxy-substituted alkyleneoxyalkylene; R'' is selected from the class consisting of alkyl when taken individually and morpholinium and piperidinium when two R'' groups are taken with N of said formula; X is selected from the class consisting of chlorine, iodine and bromine anions when taken individually an sulfate anion when two X groups are taken together; and t is an integer of 0 to 1.

Claim 3

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein the aqueous liquid in the cell wall consists essentially of water and said silicone surfactant as the major foaming and foam stabilizing agent.

Claim 4

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein the aqueous liquid consists essentially of water, said silicone surfactant and a foam former.

Claim 5

Process as claimed in claim 5 wherein the foam former is a partially hydrolyzed protein.

Claim 6

Process as claimed in claim 6 wherein said surfactant is present in the amount of about 0.01 to about 0.4 percent based on the total weight of said aqueous liquid.

Claim 7

Process as claimed in claim 5 wherein said aqueous liquid comprises water and a mixture of a major amount of said foam former and a minor amount of said silicone surfactant.

Claim 8

Process as claimed in claim 5 wherein said aqueous liquid comprises water and a mixture of a minor amount of said foam former and a major amount of said silicone surfactant.

Claim 9

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein said silicone surfactant is the major foaming and foam-stabilizing agent and is present in amounts of about 0.4 to about 10 percent based on the total weight of said aqueous liquid.

Claim 10

Process as claimed in claim 6 wherein said silicone surfactant is present in amounts of about 0.5 to about 1 percent based on the total weight of said aqueous liquid.

Claim 11

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein said silicone surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3N Me3) I .

Claim 12

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein said silicone surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3N Me3) Br .

Claim 13

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein said silicone surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3(Me)N (CH2CH2)2O)Br .

Claim 14

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein said silicone surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3(Me)N C5H10) I .

Claim 15

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein said silicone surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3OCHMeCH2(Me)N (CH2CH2)2O) I .

Claim 16

Process as claimed in claim 3 wherein said silicone surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3N Et2Me) I .

Claim 17

A concentrate for the production of a fire-fighting foam having cell walls comprised of an aqueous liquid containing said concentrate, comprising, about 0 to about 49 percent water, about 0.01 to about 99.97 percent of a silicone surfactant having the formula: ABnA wherein n is an integer of 1 to 3, A is a siloxy unit of the formula: Z3SiO1/2 wherein Z is a monovalent hydrocarbon group free of aliphatic unsaturation and having one to 18 carbon atoms, and B is a cationic siloxy unit of the formula: X (R''3N R*(O)tSiR O) wherein R is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon groups free of aliphatic unsaturation having one to 18 carbon atoms; R* is a divalent organic group having two to 18 carbon atoms, is free of aliphatic unsaturation, and is selected from the class consisting of divalent hydrocarbon groups, hydroxyl-substituted divalent hydrocarbon groups, and -R''''OR''''-groups wherein R'''' is selected from the class consisting of divalent hydrocarbon groups and hydroxyl-substituted divalent hydrocarbon groups, R'' is selected from the class consisting of monovalent hydrocarbon groups free of aliphatic unsaturation and having one to 18 carbon atoms when taken individually and, when two R'' groups are taken together with N of said formula, a divalent group containing a five to six member heterocyclic ring in which N is bonded to said R* group and the remaining R'' group; X is an inorganic anion, and t is an integer of 0 to 1; about 0.03 to about 50 percent of a normally solid organic water-soluble polymer capable of retarding drainage of liquid from said cell walls, and about 0 to about 49 percent of a polar solvent, all of said percentages being based on the total weight of said concentrate.

Claim 18

Concentrate as claimed in claim 18 wherein said surfactant has the formula: wherein R is monovalent hydrocarbon; R* is selected from the class consisting of alkylene, hydroxy-substituted alkylene, alkyleneoxyalkylene and hydroxy-substituted alkyleneoxyalkylene; R'' is selected from the class consisting of alkyl when taken individually and, when two R'' groups are taken together with N of said formula, a divalent group containing a five to six member heterocyclic ring in which N is bonded to said R* group and the remaining R'' group; X is an inorganic anion, and t is an integer of 0 to 1; R, R* and R'' each containing no more than 18 carbon atoms and being free of aliphatic unsaturation.

Claim 19

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein said water-soluble polymer is polyoxyethylene glycol.

Claim 20

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein said water-soluble polymer is a cationic modified hydroxyethylcellulose.

Claim 21

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein said surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3N Me3) I .

Claim 22

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein said surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3N Me3) Br .

Claim 23

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein said surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3(Me)N (CH2CH2)2O) Br .

Claim 24

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein said surfactant has the average formUla: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3(Me)N C5H10) I .

Claim 25

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein said surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3OCHMeCH2(Me)N (CH2CH2)2O) I .

Claim 26

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein the amount of said silicone surfactant is about 0.01 to about 98.97 percent, the amount of said water-soluble polymer is about 0.03 to about 50 percent, the amount of water is about 1 to about 49 percent and the amount of polar solvent is 1 to about 49 percent.

Claim 27

An aqueous, fire-extinguishing foam-forming composition comprising an aqueous liquid containing about 0.01 to about 10 percent of a silicone surfactant having the formula: ABnA wherein n is an integer of 1 to 3, A is a siloxy unit of the formula: Z3SiO1/2 wherein Z is a monovalent hydrocarbon group free of aliphatic unsaturation and having one to 18 carbon atoms, and B is a cationic siloxy unit of the formula: X (R''3N R*(O)tSiR O X wherein R is selected from the class consisting of hydrogen and monovalent hydrocarbon groups free of aliphatic unsaturation having one to 18 carbon atoms; R* is a divalent organic group having two to 18 carbon atoms, is free of aliphatic unsaturation, and is selected from the class consisting of divalent hydrocarbon groups, hydroxyl-substituted divalent hydrocarbon groups, and -R''''OR''''-groups wherein R'''' is selected from the class consisting of divalent hydrocarbon groups and hydroxyl-substituted divalent hydrocarbon groups, R'' is selected from the class consisting of monovalent hydrocarbon groups free of aliphatic unsaturation and having one to 18 carbon atoms when taken individually and, when two R'' groups are taken together with N of said formula, a divalent group containing a five to six member heterocyclic ring in which N is bonded to said R* group and the remaining R'' group; X is an inorganic anion, and t is an integer of 0 to 1; and about 0.03 to about 5 percent of a water-soluble polymer, said percentages being based on the weight of said liquid.

Claim 28

Composition as claimed in claim 28 wherein said water-soluble polymer is polyoxyethylene glycol.

Claim 29

Composition as claimed in claim 28 wherein said water-soluble polymer is cationic modified hydroxyethylcellulose.

Claim 30

Concentrate as claimed in claim 19 wherein said surfactant has the average formula: ((Me3SiO)2MeSi(CH2)3 NEt2Me)I .