Patent US3857771A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3857771A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Rate sensing batch analyzer
Assignee: Beckman Coulter Inc
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Filing: 1967-02-27
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Granted: 1974-12-31
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Expires: 1987-02-27
Abstract
Abstract A portable, automated chemical analyzer having a polarographic oxygen electrode submerged in a batch of stirred solution. The signal from the electrode is directly differentiated and amplified to produce a signal proportional to the time rate of change of oxygen concentration. The membrane of the polarographic sensor is stretched very tightly over the cathode surface to provide a high signal-to-noise ratio. Methods for analyzing glucose-glucose oxidase, catalase-H2O2 and various other enzyme systems by the polarographic electrode oxygen sensing apparatus include the steps of converting the sensed signal into time rate of change of oxygen concentration and recording the maximum rate of change of oxygen concentration.
Inventors
- 👤 J Sternberg
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 01:10
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28; G01N27/30; G01N27/327; G01N27/3271; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/817
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 20
Claim 1
Independent Claim
131 words
A rate sensing batch analyzer comprising: sensor means for monitoring the concentration of a component or product of a reaction and producing a first output signal proportional to the concentration thereof; differentiator circuit means coupled to said sensor means and responsive to said first output signal for producing a second output signal proportional to the time derivative of said first output signal and thus proportional to the time rate of change of concentration of said component or product; and means coupled to said differentiator circuit means for measuring the maximum value of said output time rate of change signal for obtaining an accurate measurement of true instantaneous rate at a very early stage of the reaction, said measured maximum value being directly proportional to initial concentration of said component or product.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
131 words
A rate sensing batch analyzer comprising: sensor means for monitoring the concentration of a component or product of a reaction and producing a first output signal proportional to the concentration thereof; differentiator circuit means coupled to said sensor means and responsive to said first output signal for producing a second output signal proportional to the time derivative of said first output signal and thus proportional to the time rate of change of concentration of said component or product; and means coupled to said differentiator circuit means for measuring the maximum value of said output time rate of change signal for obtaining an accurate measurement of true instantaneous rate at a very early stage of the reaction, said measured maximum value being directly proportional to initial concentration of said component or product.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
90 words
A rate sensing batch analyzer comprising: sensor means for monitoring the concentration of a component or product of a reaction and producing an electrical output signal proportional to said concentration thereof; differentiator circuit means coupled to said sensor means and responsive to said electrical signal for producing a second signal proportional to the time derivative of said electrical signal and thus proportional to the time rate of change of concentration of said component or product, and means coupled to said differentating means for measuring said time rate of change signal.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
90 words
A rate sensing batch analyzer comprising: sensor means for monitoring the concentration of a component or product of a reaction and producing an electrical output signal proportional to said concentration thereof; differentiator circuit means coupled to said sensor means and responsive to said electrical signal for producing a second signal proportional to the time derivative of said electrical signal and thus proportional to the time rate of change of concentration of said component or product, and means coupled to said differentating means for measuring said time rate of change signal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
76 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 2 wherein: said output signal produced by said sensor is a current iS and said differentiator circuit means includes a shunting resistor connected to said current for converting said current to a voltage and a capacitor connected to said resistor for providing a current i defined by the equation i RC diS/dt where R is the value of said resistor and C is the value of said capacitor.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
63 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 3 wherein said differentiator circuit means further includes: an operational amplifier including a feedback resistor Rf coupled to said capacitor for amplifying said capacitor current, the output voltage Vo of said amplifier being defined by the equation: Vo RfRC dc/dt where dc/dt is the time rate of change concentration of said monitored component or product.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
44 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 3 wherein the electrical RC time constant of said differentiator circuit means is selected so that the capacitor will reach its peak voltage at substantially the time of the maximum rate of the reaction being monitored.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
44 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 2 having: means for varying the signal level delivered to said measuring means so that said measuring means may be adjusted to give a full scale response for a predetermined standard sample monitored by said sensor.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
33 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 6 wherein: said means for varying the signal level includes a variable resistance and an indicating dial calibrated according to the setting of said resistance.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
26 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 2 comprising: means coupled between said sensor and said differentiator circuit means for amplifying the sensor signal level.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
49 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 8 wherein: said amplifier means includes a direct current preamplifier having its input terminal connected to the output of said sensor mEans, and said differentiator circuit means includes a capacitor, resistor, and operational amplifier connected to the output of said preamplifier.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
42 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 2 wherein: said differentiator circuit means includes a capacitor connected to said sensor means so that the current through said capacitor is proportional to the time rate of change of the sensor output signal.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
27 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 2 including: means for maintaining a substantially constant voltage across said sensor regardless of the signal current drawn therefrom.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
37 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 2 wherein: said means for measuring said output time rate of change signal comprises a means for measuring the maximum value of said time rate of change of concentration.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
111 words
A rate sensing batch analyzer comprising: a reaction vessel for receiving the substance to be monitored; sensor means mounted for insertion into said reaction vessel and monitoring the concentration of a component or product of a reaction occurring in said vessel and producing an electrical output signal proportional to said concentration value; differentiator circuit means coupled to said sensor means and responsive to said electrical signal for producing a second signal proportional to the time derivative of said electrical signal and thus proportional to the time rate of change of concentration of said component or product; and means coupled to said differentiating means for measuring said time rate of change signal.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
111 words
A rate sensing batch analyzer comprising: a reaction vessel for receiving the substance to be monitored; sensor means mounted for insertion into said reaction vessel and monitoring the concentration of a component or product of a reaction occurring in said vessel and producing an electrical output signal proportional to said concentration value; differentiator circuit means coupled to said sensor means and responsive to said electrical signal for producing a second signal proportional to the time derivative of said electrical signal and thus proportional to the time rate of change of concentration of said component or product; and means coupled to said differentiating means for measuring said time rate of change signal.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
23 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 13 including: means for mixing the solution in said reaction vessel at a constant rate.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
39 words
The rate sensing batch analyzer according to claim 13 including: means for mounting a plurality of said reaction vessels relative to said sensor means so that said vessels may be sequentially translated into position for receiving said sensor means.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
93 words
A batch glucose monitor comprising: a reaction vessel for receiving an oxygen containing solution of enzyme and glucose; a polarographic oxygen electrode mounted for insertion into said vessel for sensing the dissolved oxygen concentration in said solution, and producing an electrical output current proportional thereto; differentiator circuit means connected to said electrode for converting said electrical current to a value proportional to its time derivative and the time derivative of the sensed concentration of oxygen; and means responsive to said differentiator circuit means for recording the maximum rate of change of oxygen concentration.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
93 words
A batch glucose monitor comprising: a reaction vessel for receiving an oxygen containing solution of enzyme and glucose; a polarographic oxygen electrode mounted for insertion into said vessel for sensing the dissolved oxygen concentration in said solution, and producing an electrical output current proportional thereto; differentiator circuit means connected to said electrode for converting said electrical current to a value proportional to its time derivative and the time derivative of the sensed concentration of oxygen; and means responsive to said differentiator circuit means for recording the maximum rate of change of oxygen concentration.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-12-30 | 1978-07-01 | 1978-12-31 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-12-30 | 1982-07-01 | 1982-12-31 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-12-30 | 1986-07-01 | 1986-12-31 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |