← Back to Patent Explorer
US3817104A Expired / Lapsed US ⏱️ 0.0 years remaining

Temperature measuring voltage to current converter

Assignee: TDK Micronas GmbH
•
Filing: 1972-03-01
•
Granted: 1974-06-18
•
Expires: 1992-03-01
📄 Original PDF 🌐 Google Patents 🔄 Sync Now

Abstract

Abstract A temperature measuring voltage to current converter including a temperature-responsive resistance bridge with an output connected to the input of an amplifier having an output connected to the resistance bridge wherein the resultant change of the output current of the amplifier is directly proportional to any change of its input voltage and independent of its load resistance so long as the amplifier is operating within its capabilities. The converter may be used in a wide variety of applications not limited to temperature indication. The bridge is used both in temperature indication and temperature controlling. The circuit of the converter needs little power and current. The use of a unique circuit construction makes it possible to produce a meter range of the precise magnitude desired. The use of the same unique circuit construction makes possible high sensitivity and the determination and adjustment of the point at which most accuracy and linearity exists. Meter overvoltage protection is also provided.

Inventors

  • 👤 S Sapir
  • 👤 W Village

Bibliographic Details

Application Number —
Jurisdiction US
Data Source google_patents
Last Synchronized 2026-10-23 16:18
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01K; G01K7/00; G01K7/16; G01K7/18; G01K7/20; G01K7/21; H; H10; H10D; H10D99/00

Claims Analysis

Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim 173 words
A temperature indicator comprising: a differential amplifier having noninverting and inverting inputs, and an output, said amplifier being actuable to produce an output voltage and an output current at the said output thereof; a D.C. source of potential having first and second poles; first and second input leads connected from said first and second poles, respectively; first and second resistors connected in series in that order from said first lead to said second lead, said first resistor being a temperature sensitive resistor; third and fourth resistors connected in series in that order from said first lead to said second lead, said noninverting amplifier input being connected from the mutual junction of said first and second resistors; an ammeter calibrated in temperature connected from said amplifier output to the mutual junction of said third and fourth resistors; means providing resistance between and connected between the mutual junction of said third and fourth resistors to said inverting amplifier input; and means providing resistance between and connected between said inverting amplifier input and said second lead.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim 173 words
A temperature indicator comprising: a differential amplifier having noninverting and inverting inputs, and an output, said amplifier being actuable to produce an output voltage and an output current at the said output thereof; a D.C. source of potential having first and second poles; first and second input leads connected from said first and second poles, respectively; first and second resistors connected in series in that order from said first lead to said second lead, said first resistor being a temperature sensitive resistor; third and fourth resistors connected in series in that order from said first lead to said second lead, said noninverting amplifier input being connected from the mutual junction of said first and second resistors; an ammeter calibrated in temperature connected from said amplifier output to the mutual junction of said third and fourth resistors; means providing resistance between and connected between the mutual junction of said third and fourth resistors to said inverting amplifier input; and means providing resistance between and connected between said inverting amplifier input and said second lead.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim 90 words
The invention as defined in claim 1, wherein the resistance, R2, of said third resistor is defined by R2 EsRp/e2 where, Rp is the ratio of the input voltage span desired to the current range of said ammeter, Es is the voltage to be applied between said input leads, and e2 is the voltage at the mutual junction of said first and second resistors at which it is desired to produce zero current through said ammeter, the resistance, R3, of said fourth resistor being defined by R3 EsRp/Es - e2.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim 18 words
The invention as defined in claim 2, wherein said first and second poles are positive and negative, respectively.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim 316 words
A temperature indicator comprising: first and second input leads; a first resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, said first resistor being temperature sensitive, said first resistor having a second lead and a construction such that the potential of said second lead thereof will fall toward that of said second input lead when the temperature of said first resistor increases and said first input lead is maintained at a constant potential positive with respect to that of said second input lead; a second resistor having a first lead forming a first junction with said first resistor second lead, and a second lead connected to said second input lead; a third resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, and a second lead; a fourth resistor having a first lead forming a second junction with said third resistor second lead, and a second lead connected to said input lead; a differential amplifier having inverting and noninverting input leads, and an output lead; an ammeter connected from said amplifier output lead to said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead, said ammeter being calibrated in temperature; and a voltage divider including fifth and sixth resistors each having first and second leads, said voltage divider also including a potentiometer having a winding and a wiper on said winding, said winding having first and seconD leads, said fifth resistor first lead being connected from said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead, said fifth resistor second lead being connected to said winding first lead, said winding second lead being connected to said sixth resistor first lead, said sixth resistor second lead being connected to said second input lead, said wiper being connected to said amplifier inverting input lead, said amplifier noninverting input lead being connected from said second resistor first lead and said first resistor second lead.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim 316 words
A temperature indicator comprising: first and second input leads; a first resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, said first resistor being temperature sensitive, said first resistor having a second lead and a construction such that the potential of said second lead thereof will fall toward that of said second input lead when the temperature of said first resistor increases and said first input lead is maintained at a constant potential positive with respect to that of said second input lead; a second resistor having a first lead forming a first junction with said first resistor second lead, and a second lead connected to said second input lead; a third resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, and a second lead; a fourth resistor having a first lead forming a second junction with said third resistor second lead, and a second lead connected to said input lead; a differential amplifier having inverting and noninverting input leads, and an output lead; an ammeter connected from said amplifier output lead to said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead, said ammeter being calibrated in temperature; and a voltage divider including fifth and sixth resistors each having first and second leads, said voltage divider also including a potentiometer having a winding and a wiper on said winding, said winding having first and seconD leads, said fifth resistor first lead being connected from said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead, said fifth resistor second lead being connected to said winding first lead, said winding second lead being connected to said sixth resistor first lead, said sixth resistor second lead being connected to said second input lead, said wiper being connected to said amplifier inverting input lead, said amplifier noninverting input lead being connected from said second resistor first lead and said first resistor second lead.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim 126 words
The invention as defined in claim 4, including a D.C. source of potential and a first diode connected in series from one of said input leads to the other, said source being poled to maintain said first lead positive with respect to said second lead, said first diode being poled to be conductive in a direction from said second input lead to said first input lead, said amplifier having a positive power input lead connected from said first input lead and a negative power input lead connected to said second lead, and a second diode connected from said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead to said amplifier output lead and poled to be conductive in a direction toward said amplifier output lead.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim 197 words
A voltage to current converter comprising: first and second input leads; a first resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead and a second lead; a second resistor having a first lead forming a first junction with said first resistor second lead, and a second lead connected to said second input lead, at least one of said first and second resistors having a resistance which changes with a predetermined variable, a third resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, and a second lead; a fourth resistor having a first lead forming a second junction with said third resistor second lead, and having a second lead connected to said second input lead; a differential amplifier having inverting and noninverting input leads, and an output lead; first means connecting said second resistor first lead and said first resistor second lead to one of said amplifier input leads; second means connecting said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead to the other of said amplifier input leads; and a current sensing device connected from said amplifier output lead to said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim 197 words
A voltage to current converter comprising: first and second input leads; a first resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead and a second lead; a second resistor having a first lead forming a first junction with said first resistor second lead, and a second lead connected to said second input lead, at least one of said first and second resistors having a resistance which changes with a predetermined variable, a third resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, and a second lead; a fourth resistor having a first lead forming a second junction with said third resistor second lead, and having a second lead connected to said second input lead; a differential amplifier having inverting and noninverting input leads, and an output lead; first means connecting said second resistor first lead and said first resistor second lead to one of said amplifier input leads; second means connecting said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead to the other of said amplifier input leads; and a current sensing device connected from said amplifier output lead to said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim 59 words
The invention as defined in claim 6, wherein said first means connecting includes a conductor, said second means connecting including second means providing resistance between said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead and said other amplifier input lead, third means being provided and connected between said other amplifier input lead and said second input lead.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim 15 words
The invention as defined in claim 6, wherein said first means connecting includes a conductor.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim 52 words
The invention as defined in claim 6, wherein said second means connecting includes second means providing resistance between said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead and said other amplifier input lead, third means being provided and connected between said other amplifier input lead and said second input lead.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim 195 words
A temperature indicator comprising: first and second input leads; a first resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, and a second lead; a second resistor having a first lead forming a first junction with said first resistor second lead, and having a second lead connected to said second input lead, at least one of said first and second resistors being temperature sensitive; a third resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, and having a second lead; a fourth resistor having a first lead forming a second junction with said third resistor second lead, and a second lead connected to said second input lead; a conductor connecting said second resistor first lead and said fIrst resistor second lead to one of said amplifier input leads; a voltage divider having first and second series connected resistance legs connected from said second junction to said second input lead, said voltage divider having a tap connected to the other of said amplifier input leads; and an ammeter calibrated in temperature, said ammeter being connected from said amplifier output lead to said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim 195 words
A temperature indicator comprising: first and second input leads; a first resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, and a second lead; a second resistor having a first lead forming a first junction with said first resistor second lead, and having a second lead connected to said second input lead, at least one of said first and second resistors being temperature sensitive; a third resistor having a first lead connected from said first input lead, and having a second lead; a fourth resistor having a first lead forming a second junction with said third resistor second lead, and a second lead connected to said second input lead; a conductor connecting said second resistor first lead and said fIrst resistor second lead to one of said amplifier input leads; a voltage divider having first and second series connected resistance legs connected from said second junction to said second input lead, said voltage divider having a tap connected to the other of said amplifier input leads; and an ammeter calibrated in temperature, said ammeter being connected from said amplifier output lead to said fourth resistor first lead and said third resistor second lead.

References Cited (Backward Citations)

US2711650A Cited
US3429178A Cited
US3568044A Cited
US3688581A Cited
US3613454A Cited
US3738174A Cited

USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows

Annuity Stage Window Opens Payment Deadline Surcharge Period Until Estimated Fee Status
3.5 Years (Year 4) 1977-06-17 1977-12-17 1978-06-18 $2000.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
7.5 Years (Year 8) 1981-06-17 1981-12-17 1982-06-18 $3760.00 Window Closed / Lapsed
11.5 Years (Year 12) 1985-06-17 1985-12-17 1986-06-18 $7700.00 Window Closed / Lapsed

Assigned Categories & Tags

No categories assigned to this patent yet.

Assign Category Tag