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US3787326A
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Chromium (iii) compositions and their preparation
Assignee: EIDP Inc
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Filing: 1971-12-22
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Granted: 1974-01-22
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Expires: 1991-12-22
Abstract
Abstract Coordination complexes of chromium (III) and fumaric acid and certain substituted fumaric acids; the preparation of aqueous solutions of such complexes; and the use of such solutions for treating metal, metal oxide and glass substrates for the purpose of improving the bonding thereto of subsequently applied organic polymer adhesives. Preferred coordination compounds of fumaric acid have the approximate formulas (Cr(H2O)5(C4H3O4))aX2, (Cr(H2O)4(C4H2O4))aX, and (Cr2(H2O)10(C4H2O4))aX4, where X is a noncoordinated anion and a is its valence. The preferred anion is nitrate. Also a method for treating substrates to improve adhesion of polymers thereto, by contacting the substrate with an aqueous solution of fumaric acid or certain substituted fumaric acids and a Cr 3 salt which yields the Cr(H2O)6 3 ion, at 90*100*C. and a pH of 1.8-2.4.
Inventors
- 👤 A Deyrup
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 14:12
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C22/00; C23C22/05; C23C22/06; C23C22/48; B; B05; B05D; B05D3/00; B05D3/10; B05D3/102; C01; C01G; C01G37/00; C07; C07C; C07C51/00; C07C51/41; C07C51/418; C07C57/00; C07C57/02; C07C57/13; C07C57/15; C07F; C07F11/00; C07F11/005; C23C2222/00; C23C2222/10
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 42
Claim 1
Independent Claim
9 words
An aqueous solution of the composition of claim 1.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
18 words
A composition according to claim 1 where said trans-acid is fumaric acid and the noncoordinated anion is nitrate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
77 words
A composition according to claim 3 selected from the group consisting of a. complexes whose aqueous solutions have a purple blue color and give a characteristic broad band light absorption spectrum having maxima at about 5750 A. and 4120 A. (Type I); and b. complexes whose aqueous solutions have a blue color and give a characteristic broad band light absorption spectrum having maxima at about 5700 A. and 4120 A., said noncoordinated anion being nitrate (Type III).
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
36 words
A composition according to claim 3 wherein aqueous solutions of said complex have a clear medium green color and give a characteristic broad light absorption spectrum having maxima at about 5850A., 4300A. and 3620A. (Type II).
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
9 words
An aqueous solution of the composition of claim 3.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
27 words
A composition according to claim 1 comprising a compound having cations and anions wherein said chromium (III) coordination complex is the cation and the anion is noncoordinated.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
41 words
A composition according to claim 7 wherein the said noncoordinated anion is monovalent and the approximate ratio of chromium (III) and acid, each in the cation complex, to noncoordinated anion is 1/1/2 (Type I), 1/1/1 (Type II) or 2/1/4 (Type III).
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition according to claim 7 wherein said acid is fumaric acid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition according to claim 7 wherein the acid is mesaconic acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
65 words
A composition according to claim 7 wherein the coordination compound is selected from a group of compounds having the approximate formula (Cr(H2O)5(C4H2ZO4))X2 (Type I), or the approximate formula (Cr(H2O)4(C4HZO4))aX (Type II), or the approximate formula (Cr2(H2O)10(C4HZO4))X4 (Type III) wherein: Z is H or CH3, X is a noncoordinated anion and is nitrate in Type I and Type III, and a is the valence of X.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
A composition according to claim 11 wherein X is monovalent and said Coordination compounds have the following respective appropriate formulas: (Cr(H2O)5(C4H2ZO4))X2, (Cr(H2O)4(C4HZO4))X, and (Cr2(H2O)10(C4HZO4))X4.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
10 words
A composition according to claim 12 wherein X is nitrate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition according to claim 13 wherein said acid is fumaric acid.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
15 words
A composition according to claim 14 wherein said compound has the approximate formula (Cr(H2O)5(C4 H2(CH3)O4))(NO3)2
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
A composition according to claim 14 wherein said compound has the approximate formula (Cr(H2O)4(C4H(CH3)O4))NO3
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
140 words
A composition comprising one or more chromium (III)/fumaric acid coordination compounds selected from the group consisting of compounds of the approximate formula (Cr(H2O)5(C4H3O4))X2 (Type I) the approximate formula (Cr(H2O)4(C4H2O4))aX (Type II) and the approximate formula (Cr2(H2O)10(C4H2O4))X4 (Type III) where X is a noncoordinated anion and a is the valence of X; aqueous solutions of Type I having a purple blue color and giving a characteristic broad band light adsorption spectrum having maxima at about 5750A. and 4120A., aqueous solutions of Type II having a clear medium green color and giving a characteristic broad band light absorption spectrum having maxima at about 5850A., 4300A. and 3620A.; aqueous solutions of Type III having a blue color and giving a characteristic broad band light absorption spectrum having maxima at about 5700A. and 4100A.; and X in Type I and Type III being nitrate.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition according to claim 17 wherein said coordination compound is Type I.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
17 words
A composition according to claim 17 wherein said coordination compound is Type II and X is monovalent.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
A composition according to claim 17 wherein said coordination compound is Type III.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition comprising an aqueous solution of the composition of claim 11.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition comprising an aqueous solution of the composition of claim 17.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition comprising an aqueous solution of the composition of claim 18.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition comprising an aqueous solution of the composition of claim 19.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
A composition comprising an aqueous solution of the composition of claim 20.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
39 words
A composition according to claim 23 wherein the aqueous solution has a pH of 0.2 to 4 and contains Type I at a concentration equivalent to from about 0.0005 to at least 0.5 gram atom of chromium per liter.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
36 words
A composition according to claim 26 wherein the solution has a pH of 2 to 4 and contains Type I at a concentration equivalent to from about 0.0005 to 0.5 gram atom of chromium per liter.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
48 words
A composition according to claim 24 wherein the aqueous solution has a pH in the range from about 1 to 2.4 or in the range 3.0 to 5.5 and contains Type II at a concentration equivalent to from about 0.0001 to 0.1 gram atom of chromium per liter.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
40 words
A composition according to claim 28 wherein the solution has a pH of 2.1 to 2.3 or 4.0 to 4.7 and contains Type II at a concentration equivalent to from about 0.001 to 0.025 gram atom of chromium per liter.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
42 words
A composition comprising a complex of chromium nitrate and a trans-acid in a molar ratio in the range 1/1 to 5/1, in an aqueous alcoholic solution, the alcohol having 2-4 carbon atoms, the trans-acid being fumaric acid, mesaconic acid, or aconitic acid.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
13 words
A compositiOn according to claim 30 comprising less than 10% by weight water.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
32 words
A composition according to claim 30 comprising a complex of chromium nitrate and fumaric acid, said complex having a characteristic broad band light absorption spectrum having maxima at about 4110A. and 5730A.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
38 words
A method for preparing complexes according to claim 1 comprising heating in an aqueous solution at about 70*-100*C. said trans-acid and a chromium (III) salt which yields the hexaaquochromic ion, at a pH of about 0.2 to 1.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
39 words
A method for preparing complexes according to claim 1 comprising heating in an aqueous solution at 70*-100*C. said trans-acid and chromium (III) salt which yields the hexaaquochromic ion, at a pH in the range from above 1 to 2.4.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
61 words
A method for preparing a composition according to claim 18 comprising heating in an aqueous solution at about 70* to 100*C. fumaric acid and a chromium (III) salt which gives the hexaaquochromic ion, at a pH of about 0.2 to 1 for a time such that the resulting solution will give the light absorption spectrum which is characteristic of Type I.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
55 words
A method according to claim 35 wherein the heating of the solution of fumaric acid and the chromium (III) sait is carried out in more than one step with the solution being cooled and its pH adjusted so as to keep it at a pH in the range 0.2 to 1 after each heating step.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
65 words
A method for preparing a composition according to claim 19 comprising heating in an aqueous solution at 70* to 100*C. fumaric acid and a chromium (III) salt which gives the hexaaquochromic ion while the pH is maintained in the range from above 1 to 2.4 for a time such that the resulting solution will give the light absorption spectrum which is characteristic of Type II.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
52 words
A method according to claim 37 wherein the heating of the solution of fumaric acid and the chromium (III) salt is carried out in more than one step with the solution being cooled and its pH adjusted so as to keep it in the range 1.5 to 2.4 after each heating step.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 38 wherein the pH adjustments are effected by the addition of a basic material.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 38 wherein the pH adjustments are effected by treating the solution with a basic form of an anion exchange resin.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
63 words
A method for preparing a composition according to claim 19 comprising slowly adding a dilute aqueous solution of a chromium (III) salt which yields the hexaaquochromic ion to a boiling solution of fumaric acid and sodium fumarate at a pH in the range 3.0-4.5, for such a time that the resulting solution yields the light absorption spectrum which is characteristic of Type II.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
50 words
A composition according to claim 6 comprising an aqueous solution of said complex having a molar ratio of fumaric acid to chromium (III) nitrate of 0.4 to 0.6/1, and said solution having 1.0 to 1.5 equivalents of at least one of alkali and ammonium ions per gram atom of chromium.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
37 words
A composition according to claim 42 having a chromium concentration of 1.25 to 1.75 gram atoms per liter and 1.15 to 1.25 equivalents of at least one of alkali and ammonium ions per gram atom of chromium.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-01-21 | 1977-07-23 | 1978-01-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-01-21 | 1981-07-23 | 1982-01-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-01-21 | 1985-07-23 | 1986-01-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |