Patent US3752161A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US3752161A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Fluid operated surgical tool
Assignee: 3M Co
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Filing: 1971-08-02
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Granted: 1973-08-14
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Expires: 1991-08-02
Abstract
Abstract A fluid operated surgical tool having a body to which variously configured object-engaging elements may be removably attached for gripping, cutting or perforating bone, tissue or other structures. Housed within the body is an assembly, responsive to fluids under pressure, for operating the object-engaging elements. A fluid regulating valve assembly is provided for precisely controlling the flow of fluids to the pressureresponsive assembly, so that the surgeon may deftly and accurately control the movement of the object-engaging elements. The fluid regulating valve assembly comprises a valve seat through which fluid flows to the pressure-responsive assembly, a valve, an operator control for disengaging the valve from the valve seat, and an automatic pressure-balancing mechanism for moving the valve seat into reengagement with the valve to stop the flow of fluid therethrough when pressures acting on the pressure-responsive assembly reach predetermined levels.
Inventors
- 👤 J Bent
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-22 23:29
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B17/00; A61B17/16; A61B17/1604; A61B17/1606; A61B17/1608; A61B17/1611; F; F15; F15B; F15B11/00; F15B11/02; F15B11/028; F15B11/036; F15B11/0365; A61B2017/00535; A61B2017/00544; F15B2211/00; F15B2211/40; F15B2211/405; F15B2211/40515; F15B2211/40553; F15B2211/40569; F15B2211/415; F15B2211/41572; F15B2211/42; F15B2211/421; F15B2211/423; F15B2211/455; F15B2211/46; F15B2211/50; F15B2211/505; F15B2211/50563; F15B2211/50572; F15B2211/55; F15B2211/70; F15B2211/705; F15B2211/7051; F15B2211/7055; F15B2211/7056; F15B2211/76; F15B2211/77; F15B2211/7716
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 39
Claim 1
Independent Claim
75 words
A fluid operated tool comprising: a. means responsive to fluid pressure for generating mechanical forces; b. a valve seat through which fluid under pressure flows to said pressure-responsive means; c. a valve for regulating the flow of fluid through said valve seat; d. means for disengaging said valve from said valve seat; and e. means for moving said valve seat into reengagement with said valve when pressures exerted against said pressure-responsive means reach predetermined levels.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
75 words
A fluid operated tool comprising: a. means responsive to fluid pressure for generating mechanical forces; b. a valve seat through which fluid under pressure flows to said pressure-responsive means; c. a valve for regulating the flow of fluid through said valve seat; d. means for disengaging said valve from said valve seat; and e. means for moving said valve seat into reengagement with said valve when pressures exerted against said pressure-responsive means reach predetermined levels.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
27 words
The tool as defined in claim 1 including means for pressurally engaging objects and materials, said meaNs being operable by mechanical forces generated by said pressure-responsive means.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
a valve for regulating the flow of fluid through said valve seat;
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
a valve for regulating the flow of fluid through said valve seat;
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
means operable by the user of the tool for opening said valve means to permit various rates of flow of fluids to said pressure-responsive means;
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
25 words
means operable by the user of the tool for opening said valve means to permit various rates of flow of fluids to said pressure-responsive means;
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
31 words
means for automatically closing said valve means so as to stop the flow of fluids to said pressure-responsive means when fluid pressures acting on said pressure-responsive means reach various levels; and
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
means for automatically closing said valve means so as to stop the flow of fluids to said pressure-responsive means when fluid pressures acting on said pressure-responsive means reach various levels; and
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
means for moving said valve relative to said valve seat; and
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
means for moving said valve relative to said valve seat; and
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
38 words
The tool as defined in claim 2 in which the means for pressurally engaging objects and materials comprises first and second cooperatively interconnected members adapted to be relatively movable by the mechanical forces generated by said pressure-responsive means.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
36 words
The tool as defined in claim 3 in which said first and second cooperatively interconnected members are provided with cutting means operable by relative movement between said first and second members for cutting objects and materials.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
32 words
means for automatically moving said valve seat into engagement with said valve to stop fluid flow to said pressure-responsive means when various predetermined levels of pressure are exerted on said pressure-responsive means.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
32 words
means for automatically moving said valve seat into engagement with said valve to stop fluid flow to said pressure-responsive means when various predetermined levels of pressure are exerted on said pressure-responsive means.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
31 words
means for automatically venting to atmosphere fluids acting upon said pressure-responsive means when said means operable by the user of the tool for opening said valve means is not in operation.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
31 words
means for automatically venting to atmosphere fluids acting upon said pressure-responsive means when said means operable by the user of the tool for opening said valve means is not in operation.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
36 words
The tool as defined in claim 3 in which said first and second cooperatively interconnected members are provided with gripping means operable by relative movement between said first and second members for gripping objects and materials.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
36 words
The tool as defined in claim 3 in which said first and second cooperatively interconnected members are provided with perforating means operable by relative movement between said first and second members for perforating objects and materials.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
34 words
The tool as defined in claim 1 including means for venting to atmosphere fluids under pressure within the tool, said means being operable by said means for disengaging said valve from said valve seat.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
64 words
A fluid operated tool comprising: a. a body; b. first and second cooperating members carried by said body, said members having means operable by relative movement between said members for pressurally engaging various structures; c. means responsive to fluid pressure for urging relative movement between said first and second members; and d. means for regulating the flow of fluid to said pressure-responsive means comprising:
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
64 words
A fluid operated tool comprising: a. a body; b. first and second cooperating members carried by said body, said members having means operable by relative movement between said members for pressurally engaging various structures; c. means responsive to fluid pressure for urging relative movement between said first and second members; and d. means for regulating the flow of fluid to said pressure-responsive means comprising:
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
24 words
The fluid operated tool as defined in claim 8 including means for urging against movement of said valve seat into engagement with said valve.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
31 words
The fluid operated tool as defined in claim 8 in which the means for automatically moving said valve seat into engagement with said valve is movable in response to fluid pressure.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
31 words
The fluid operated tool as defined in claim 10 in which said means for automatically moving said valve seat into engagement with said valve comprises a piston carrying said valve seat.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
35 words
The fluid operated tool as defined in claim 8 in which said means for moving said valve relative to said valve seat comprises a trigger carried by said body adapted to cooperatively engage said valve.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
37 words
The fluid operated tool as defined in claim 8 in which said means for urging relative movement between said first and second members comprises at least one piston movable within said body in response to fluid pressure.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
The fluid operated tool as defined in claim 8 including biasing means urging against relative movement between said first and second members.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
34 words
The fluid operated tool as defined in claim 8 in which said means for pressurally engaging various structures comprises opposing jaws movable into operative juxtaposition by relative movement between said first and second members.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
36 words
The tool as defined in claim 15 including means for adjustably positioning said first and second members relative to said body portion so as to position said jaws in various angular orientations relative to said body.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
22 words
The tool as defined in claim 15 in which said means for pressurally engaging various structures is adapted to cut various materials.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
35 words
The tool as defined in claim 8 including means for venting to atmosphere fluids uNder pressure within the tool, said means being operable by said means for moving said valve relative to said valve seat.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
102 words
A fluid operated surgical tool comprising: a. a hand-held body; b. first and second slidably interconnected members carried by said body, said members having opposing jaws adapted to be moved into pressural engagement with an object by relative movement between said first and second members; c. pressure-responsive means for urging relative movement between said first and second members, said pressure-responsive means comprising at least one piston mounted for reciprocal movement within said body; d. means for supplying fluids under pressure to said pressure-responsive means; and e. means for regulating the flow of fluids to said pressure-responsive means of said regulating means comprising:
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
102 words
A fluid operated surgical tool comprising: a. a hand-held body; b. first and second slidably interconnected members carried by said body, said members having opposing jaws adapted to be moved into pressural engagement with an object by relative movement between said first and second members; c. pressure-responsive means for urging relative movement between said first and second members, said pressure-responsive means comprising at least one piston mounted for reciprocal movement within said body; d. means for supplying fluids under pressure to said pressure-responsive means; and e. means for regulating the flow of fluids to said pressure-responsive means of said regulating means comprising:
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
35 words
The surgical tool as defined in claim 19 in which said pressure-responsive means for urging relative movement between said first and second members comprises two operatively associated pistons mounted for reciprocal movement within said body.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
33 words
The surgical tool as defined in claim 19 including means for urging against relative movement between said first and second members tending to move said opposing jaws into pressural engagement with an object.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
32 words
The surgical tool as defined in claim 19 in which said means for automatically closing said valve means comprises a piston movable in response to fluid pressure to close said valve means.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
44 words
The surgical tool as defined in claim 20 in which said piston has a valve seat adapted to cooperate with said means operable by the user of the tool for opening said valve means for controlling the flow of fluids to said pressure-responsive means.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
47 words
A fluid operated surgical tool as defined in claim 19 in which said first and second slidably interconnected members have pivotally interconnected jaws, said jaws being movable into operable juxtaposition by relative movement between said first and second members due to the urging of said pressure-responsive means.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-08-13 | 1977-02-12 | 1977-08-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-08-13 | 1981-02-12 | 1981-08-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-08-13 | 1985-02-12 | 1985-08-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |