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EP0441002A1
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Hybrid liquid fuel composition in aqueous microemulsion form
Assignee: Eni Tecnologie SpA
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Filing: 1990-12-18
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2010-12-18
Abstract
Abstract A hybrid fuel composition in the form of a stable water-in-oil microemulsion comprises a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, water, a glycolipid surfactant and a vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant. The hydrocarbon fuel can be a liquid fuel for autotraction such as gasoline or diesel fuel, or a liquid hydrocarbon fuel for domestic or industrial heating, such as gas oil, naphtha, kerosene and fuel oils in general.
Inventors
- 👤 Calogero Genova
- 👤 Rosario Pappa
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
EP
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 13:18
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/32; C10L1/328; F; F02; F02B; F02B3/00; F02B3/06
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
27 words
A hybrid fuel composition in the form of a stable water-in-oil microemulsion, comprising a liquid hydrocarbon fuel, water, a glycolipid surfactant and a vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
40 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the liquid hydrocarbon fuel is chosen from gasoline, diesel fuel and liquid fuels for domestic or industrial heating, in particular gas oil, naphtha, kerosene and fuel oils in general.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
80 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the glycolipid surfactant is a compound of formula: A-X-R (I) where: A represents the glucide group of a mono-, di-, tri- or tetra-saccharide, R represents a linear or branched chain alkyl group with at least 10 carbon atoms, and either saturated or containing one or more ethylenic unsaturations, X represents a group connecting together the two groups A and R, and chosen from ether, ester, acetal and hemiacetal functions.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
30 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 3, characterised in that in said glycolipid surfactant the saccharide is saccharose and the alkyl chain contains between 10 and 24 carbon atoms.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
36 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 4, characterised in that the glycolipid surfactant is chosen from oleyl saccharose ether, tetradecyl saccharose ether, dodecyl saccharose ether, saccharose oleate ester, saccharose laurate ester and saccharose linoleate ester.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
66 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the co-surfactant is a vicinal aliphatic diol of formula: where: R¹ represents a C₄-C₁₂ linear or branched alkyl group, possibly interrupted by one or more oxygen atoms or carboxy groups and possibly carrying one or more ethylenic saturations; R² represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl or ethyl group, or has the same meaning as R¹.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
68 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 6, characterised in that in said co-surfactant formula (II): R¹ represents a linear or branched C₅-C₁₀ alkyl group; an R³-COO-CH₂- alkylcarboxymethylenic group where R³ represents a linear or branched C₅-C₁₀ alkyl group; or an R⁴-O-(CH₂-CH₂-O) n - alkylethoxy group where R⁴ represents a linear or branched C₅-C₈ alkyl group and n is 1 or 2; and R² represents a hydrogen atom.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 7, characterised in that said co-surfactant is chosen from 1,2-octanediol, 1,2-nonanediol, 1,2-decanediol, 1,2-dodecanediol, a glycerol monoester and a glycerol diester.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 1, characterised by containing: liquid hydrocarbon fuel 72-97.5wt%, water 1-13wt%, glycolipid surfactant 0.9-9.6wt% and vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant 0.6-6.4wt%, with a weight ratio of surfactant to co-surfactant of between 1:1 and 2:1.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
39 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 9, characterised by containing: liquid hydrocarbon fuel 80-95wt%, water 3-10wt%, glycolipid surfactant 1.2-6.6wt% and vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant 0.8-4.4wt%, with a weight ratio of surfactant to co-surfactant of the order of 1.5:1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
41 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the liquid hydrocarbon constituent is leaded or unleaded gasoline, the composition constituents being within the following ranges: gasoline 73-97.5wt%, water 1-13wt%, glycolipid surfactant 0.9-8.4wt% and vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant 0.6-5.6wt%.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 11, characterised by containing: gasoline 81-95wt%, water 3-10wt%, glycolipid surfactant 1.2-5.4wt% and vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant 0.8-3.6wt%.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
40 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that the liquid hydrocarbon constituent is diesel fuel, the composition constituents being within the following ranges: diesel fuel 72-96.5wt%, water 1-12wt%, glycolipid surfactant 1.5-9.6wt% and vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant 1.0-6.4wt%.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
A hybrid composition as claimed in claim 13, characterised by containing: diesel fuel 80-93.4wt%, water 3-9wt%, glycolipid surfactant 2.2-6.6wt% and vicinal aliphatic diol co-surfactant 1.4-4.4wt%.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
24 words
Use of the composition claimed in claims 1 to 14 as an internal combustion engine fuel or as a domestic or industrial heating fuel.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
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