Load bearing osteoimplant and method of repairing bone using the same

Claim 2

An intervertebral implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 3

A spinal implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 4

A spinal implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 5

An implant possessing the shape of a cylinder, wedge, plate, threaded cylinder, fibular wedge, femoral strut or tibial strut which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 6

An implant possessing the shape of a cylinder, wedge, plate, threaded cylinder, fibular wedge, femoral strut or tibial strut which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 7

The osteoimplant of claim 3 further comprising at least one macroporous hole.

Claim 8

The osteoimplant of claim 4 wherein the macroporous hole contains therein an osteogenic material.

Claim 9

A bone plate which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 10

A bone plate which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 11

A disk which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 12

A disk which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 13

A bone screw which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 14

A bone screw which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 15

A femoral implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 16

A femoral implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 17

An acetablular cup implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 18

An acetablular cup implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 19

A diaphyseal implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 20

A diaphyseal implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 21

An intercalary implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 22

An intercalary implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 23

An intramedullary implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 24

An intramedullary implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 25

A reinforcement rod implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 26

A reinforcement rod implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 27

A cranial bone implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 28

A cranial bone implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 29

A maxillofacial implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 30

A maxillofacial implant which comprises a shaped composition of bone particles, wherein the composition possesses a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 31

A method of repairing bone comprising implanting at a bone repair site the load-bearing osteoimplant of claim 1 comprising a shaped composition of bone particles, said osteoimplant possessing a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least 3 MPa.

Claim 32

The method of repairing bone of claim 17 selected from the group consisting of the repair of simple and compound fractures and non-unions, external and internal fixations, joint reconstructions, arthrodesis, general arthroplasty, cup arthroplasty of the hip, femoral and humeral head replacement, femoral head surface replacement and total joint replacement, repairs of the vertebral column, spinal fusion, internal fixation, tumor surgery, deficit filling, discectomy, laminectomy, excision of spinal cord tumors, anterior cervical and thoracic operations, repairs of spinal injuries, scoliosis, lordosis and kyphosis treatments, intermaxillary fixation of fractures, mentoplasty, temporomandibular joint replacement, alveolar ridge augmentation and reconstruction, onlay bone grafts, implant placement and revision, and sinus lifts.

Claim 33

An osteoimplant comprising a shaped, compressed composition of demineralized bone particles possessing chemical crosslinking of the surface-exposed collagen thereof, the osteoimplant possessing a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 34

An osteoimplant comprising a shaped, compressed composition of demineralized bone particles possessing chemical crosslinking of the surface-exposed collagen thereof, the osteoimplant possessing a bulk density of greater than about 0.7 g/cm 3 and a wet compressive strength of at least about 3 MPa.

Claim 35

The osteoimplant of claim 19 wherein the demineralized bone particles are selected from the group consisting of superficially demineralized bone particles, partially demineralized bone particles and substantially fully demineralized bone particles.

Claim 36

The osteoimplant of claim 19 wherein the bone particles are obtained from cortical, cancellous or corticocancellous bone of autogenous, allogenic or xenogeneic origin.

Claim 37

The osteoimplant of claim 19 wherein the bone particles are obtained from porcine or bovine bone.

Claim 38

The osteoimplant of claim 19 further comprising nondemineralized bone particles.

Claim 39

The osteoimplant of claim 19 wherein at least about 60 weight percent of the bone particles are elongate.

Claim 40

The osteoimplant of claim 19 wherein at least about 90 weight percent of the bone particles are elongate.

Claim 41

The osteoimplant of claim 19 further comprising at least one biocompatible component.

Claim 42

The osteoimplant of claim 26 wherein the biocompatible component is selected from the group consisting of biocompatible adhesive, binder, filler, fiber and bioactive substance.

Claim 43

The osteoimplant of claim 27 wherein the bioactive substance is selected from the group consisting of collagen, insoluble collagen derivatives, and soluble solids and/or liquids dissolved therein; antiviricides, antimicrobials and/or antibiotics selected from the group consisting of erythromycin, bacitracin, neomycin, penicillin, polymycin B. tetracyclines, biomycin, ehloromycetin, streptomycins, cefaxolin, ampicillin, azactam, tobramycin, clindamycin and gentamicin; biocidal/biostatic sugars selected from the group consisting of dextran, glucose, amino acids, peptides; vitamins; inorganic elements; co-factors for protein synthesis; hormones; endocrine tissue or tissue fragments; synthesizers; enzymes selected from the group consisting of collagenase, peptidases, oxidases; polymer cell scaffolds with parenchymal cells; angiogenic drugs and polymeric carriers containing such drugs; collagen lattices; antigenic agents; cytoskeletal agents; cartilage fragments; living cells selected from the group consisting of chondrocytes, bone marrow cells, mesenchymal stem cells, natural extracts, genetically engineered living cells or otherwise modified living cells, DNA delivered by plasmid or viral vectors, and tissue transplants; demineralized bone powder; autogenous tissues selected from the group consisting of blood, serum, soft tissue, bone marrow, bioadhesives, bone morphogenic proteins (BMPs); osteoinductive factor (IFO); fibronectin (FN); endothelial cell growth factor (ECGF); cementum attachment extracts (CAE); ketanserin; human growth hormone (HGH); animal growth hormones; epidermal growth factor (ECF); interleukin-1 (IL-1); human alpha thrombin; transforming growth factor (TGF-beta); insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1); platelet derived growth factors (PDGF); fibroblast growth factors (FGF, bFGF, etc.); periodontal ligament chemotactic factor (PDLGF); somatotropin; bone digestors; antitumor agents; immuno-suppressants; permeation enhancers; enamine derivatives; alpha-keto aldehydes; and nucleic acids.

Claim 44

The osteoimplant of claim 23 wherein the weight ratio of nondemineralized bone particles to demineralized bone particles ranges from about 20:1 to about 1:20.

Claim 45

The osteoimplant of claim 23 wherein the weight ratio of partially demineralized bone particles to fully demineralized bone particles ranges from about 20:1 to about 1:20.