US6080155A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of inserting and preloading spinal implants
Assignee: Warsaw Orthopedic Inc
•
Filing: 1995-02-27
•
Granted: 2000-06-27
•
Expires: 2015-02-27
Abstract
Abstract Apparatus and a method of inserting spinal implants is disclosed in which an intervertebral space is first distracted, a hollow sleeve having teeth at one end is then driven into the vertebrae adjacent that disc space. A drill is then passed through the hollow sleeve removing disc and bone in preparation for receiving the spinal implant which is then inserted through the sleeve. Apparatus and a method of inserting spinal implants is disclosed in which an intervertebral space is first distracted to restore the normal angular relationship of the vertebrae adjacent to that disc space. An extended outer sleeve having extended portions capable of maintaining the vertebrae distracted in their normal angular relationship is then driven into the vertebrae adjacent that disc space. A drill is then passed through the hollow sleeve removing disc and bone in preparation for receiving the spinal implant which is then inserted through the sleeve.
Inventors
- 👤 Gary Karlin Michelson
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 17:10
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B17/00; A61B17/02; A61B17/025; A61B17/16; A61B17/1662; A61B17/1671; A61B17/17; A61B17/1739; A61B17/1757; A61F; A61F2/00; A61F2/02; A61F2/30; A61F2/44; A61F2/4455; A61F2/446; A61F2/46; A61F2/4603; A61F2/4611; A61B17/32; A61B17/34; A61B17/3468; A61B17/56; A61B17/58; A61B17/88; A61B17/8875; A61B17/8886; A61B17/8888; A61B2017/0256; A61B17/92; A61B2017/922; A61B90/00; A61B90/03; A61B2090/033; A61B2090/036; A61F2/30721; A61F2/30744; A61F2/442; A61F2/28; A61F2002/2835; A61F2002/30001; A61F2002/30108; A61F2002/3011; A61F2002/30138; A61F2002/30143; A61F2002/30199; A61F2002/30224; A61F2002/30235; A61F2002/30316; A61F2002/30329; A61F2002/30405; A61F2002/30426; A61F2002/30535; A61F2002/30593; A61F2/30767; A61F2/30771; A61F2002/30772; A61F2002/30774; A61F2002/30784; A61F2002/30785; A61F2002/30787; A61F2002/30795; A61F2002/30797; A61F2002/30836; A61F2002/3085; A61F2002/30904; A61F2002/448; A61F2002/4619; A61F2002/4625; A61F2002/4627; A61F2002/4629; A61F2/4644; A61F2002/4649; A61F2002/4681; A61F2002/4687; A61F2220/00; A61F2220/0025; A61F2230/00; A61F2230/0002; A61F2230/0017; A61F2230/0063; A61F2230/0069
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 185
Claim 1
Independent Claim
80 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant across a disc space between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: positioning into the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae a guard having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae to restore the spacing of the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae; forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space; and inserting said implant into the opening.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
80 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant across a disc space between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: positioning into the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae a guard having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae to restore the spacing of the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae; forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space; and inserting said implant into the opening.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
36 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the positioning step includes the step of positioning a guard having multiple extensions for insertion into the dis space and for bearing against end plates of the two adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the positioning step includes the step of positioning a guard at least in part being generally tubular and having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the positioning step includes the sub-step of spacing the adjacent vertebrae apart.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
22 words
The method of 1, wherein the positioning step includes the sub-step of inducing angulation to the adjacent vertebrae relative to one another.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
22 words
The method of 1, wherein the positioning step includes the sub-step of inducing angulation to the adjacent vertebrae relative to one another.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 5, wherein the inducing angulation step includes the step of restoring lordosis to the spine.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 5, wherein the inducing angulation step includes the step of restoring kyphosis to the spine.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of engaging said guard into the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of penetratingly engaging said guard into the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the positioning step includes the step of driving said guard against the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of removing said guard after the inserting step.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of milling the opening.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of drilling the opening.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method of claim 13, wherein the forming step further comprises the sub-step of placing a drill having a diameter greater than the height of the disc space through said guard prior to the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 13, wherein the forming step further comprises the sub-step of placing a drill through said guard prior to the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 15, further comprising the sub-step of removing said drill after the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of reaming the opening.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of chiseling the opening.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of using a trephine to form the opening.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of claim 19, further comprising the step of inserting a spinal distractor into the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the vertebrae, and wherein the sub-step of using a trephine includes the sub-step of placing said trephine over said spinal distractor.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 19, wherein the sub-step of using a trephine includes the sub-steps of inserting through said guard a rotary cutter for amputating the base of a portion of the adjacent vertebrae partially cut through by said trephine and removing the rotary cutter.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of tapping the opening to provide threads over at least a portion of the vertebrae prior to the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 22, further comprising the step of placing a tap through said guard prior to the step of tapping.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 23, further comprising the step of removing said tap from said guard after the step of tapping.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the step of inserting includes the sub-step of screwing said implant into the opening.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 24, wherein the sub-step of inserting includes the sub-step of screwing said implant into the opening.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of attaching a driving member to said implant prior to the step of inserting.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 27, wherein the inserting step includes the sub-step of using said driving member to insert said implant into the opening through said guard.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 28, further comprising the step of removing said driving member from said implant after the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 29, further comprising the step of removing said driving member from said guard after the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 29, further comprising the step of removing said driving member and said guard together after the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of loading said implant with fusion promoting material prior to the step of inserting.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 32, wherein the step of loading includes the sub-step of compressively loading said implant with fusion promoting material.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 32, wherein the step of loading includes the sub-step of forcibly injecting said implant with fusion promoting material.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 32, further comprising the step of retaining the fusion promoting material within said implant after the step of loading.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 35, wherein the step of retaining includes the sub-step of attaching a cap to said implant to retain the fusion promoting material.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of loading said implant with osteogenic material prior to the step of inserting.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the inserting step includes inserting an implant containing a fusion promoting substance.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the inserting step includes inserting an implant comprising a fusion promoting substance.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the inserting step includes inserting an implant comprising a bone ingrowth surface.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of placing an inner sleeve within said guard prior to the step of forming the opening.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 41, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of drilling the opening through said inner sleeve.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 42, further comprising the step of removing said inner sleeve prior to the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 43, further comprising the step of removing said inner sleeve and said drill together prior to the inserting step.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 42, wherein the forming step further comprises the sub-step of placing a drill through said inner sleeve prior to the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of utilizing an endoscope during said method.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of utilizing a radiographic imaging device during said method.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1, wherein the inserting step includes the sub-step of inserting said implant through said guard and further comprising the step of removing said guard.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 1, further comprising the step of inserting a spinal distractor into the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the vertebrae prior to the step of positioning.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 4, wherein the step of inserting a spinal distractor includes the sub-step of inducing angulation to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 50, wherein the inducing angulation step includes the step of restoring lordosis to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 50, wherein the inducing angulation step includes the step of restoring kyphosis to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 51, further comprising the step of removing said spinal distractor prior to the step of forming.
Claim 56
Independent Claim
119 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a spinal distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the vertebrae, said spinal distractor comprising a member terminating in a disc penetrating portion having an uneven height; inserting over said spinal distractor a guard having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the two adjacent vertebrae, said extension having an uneven height; forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae; and inserting said implant into the opening.
Claim 57
Independent Claim
119 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a spinal distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the vertebrae, said spinal distractor comprising a member terminating in a disc penetrating portion having an uneven height; inserting over said spinal distractor a guard having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the two adjacent vertebrae, said extension having an uneven height; forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae; and inserting said implant into the opening.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 54, wherein the inserting step includes the sub-step of inserting said implant through said guard and further comprising the step of removing said guard.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 54, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step ol using one of a drill and a trephine in forming the opening.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 54, further comprising the step of tapping the opening to provide threads over at least a portion of the two adjacent vertebrae prior to the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 54, wherein said uneven height of said disc penetrating portion is lesser proximate said member and greater in the direction away from said member.
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 58, wherein said uneven height of said extension increases in a direction away from said guard.
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 59, wherein said disc penetrating portion includes a tapered front end to facilitate insertion of said disc penetrating portion into the disc space.
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 54, wherein said uneven height of said disc penetrating portion of said spinal distractor is greater proximate said member and lesser in the direction away from said member.
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 61, wherein said uneven height of said extension of said guard decreases in a direction away from said guard.
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 54, wherein said disc penetrating portion includes a tapered front end to facilitate insertion of said disc penetrating portion into the disc space.
Claim 67
Independent Claim
118 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a spinal distractor having a disc penetrating portion with an uneven height into the disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to provide a predetermined angular relationship between the adjacent vertebrae; placing over said spinal distractor a guard having means for engaging a spine and for maintaining a predetermined angular relationship between the adjacent vertebrae; passing a trephine through said guard and over said spinal distractor to form a hole across the disc space and into a portion of the two adjacent vertebrae; removing the trephine and spinal distractor; and inserting said implant through said guard and into the hole.
Claim 68
Independent Claim
118 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a spinal distractor having a disc penetrating portion with an uneven height into the disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to provide a predetermined angular relationship between the adjacent vertebrae; placing over said spinal distractor a guard having means for engaging a spine and for maintaining a predetermined angular relationship between the adjacent vertebrae; passing a trephine through said guard and over said spinal distractor to form a hole across the disc space and into a portion of the two adjacent vertebrae; removing the trephine and spinal distractor; and inserting said implant through said guard and into the hole.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 64, wherein the passing step includes the sub-step of limiting the depth said trephine penetrates the two adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 70
Independent Claim
112 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting at least one spinal distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the vertebrae; inserting over said spinal distractor a guard having at least one extension for insertion into the disc space between two adjacent vertebrae and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae; and inserting at least one implant into the vertebrae through said guard; and removing said guard.
Claim 71
Independent Claim
112 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting at least one spinal distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the vertebrae; inserting over said spinal distractor a guard having at least one extension for insertion into the disc space between two adjacent vertebrae and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae; and inserting at least one implant into the vertebrae through said guard; and removing said guard.
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 66, wherein said guard has a second extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 67, wherein said first and second extensions are diametrically opposed to each other.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 66, wherein said extension has an uneven height.
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 69, wherein said uneven height of said extension is lesser proximate said guard and greater in the direction away from said guard.
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 69, wherein said uneven height of said extension is greater proximate said guard and lesser in the direction away from said guard.
Claim 77
Independent Claim
14 words
The method of clam 66, wherein said guard comprises a pair of tubular members.
Claim 78
Independent Claim
14 words
The method of clam 66, wherein said guard comprises a pair of tubular members.
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 66, wherein said spinal distractor has a disc penetrating portion with an uneven height.
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 73, wherein said spinal distractor includes a member terminating in said disc penetrating portion, said uneven height of said disc penetrating portion being lesser proximate said member and greater in the direction away from said member.
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
40 words
The method of claim 73, wherein said spinal distractor includes a member terminating in said disc penetrating portion, said uneven height of said disc penetrating portion being greater proximate said member and lesser in the direction away from said member.
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 75, wherein said disc penetrating portion includes a tapered front end to facilitate insertion into the disc space.
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 66, wherein said disc penetrating portion includes a tapered front end to facilitate insertion into the disc space.
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 66, wherein said guard is coupled to a depth limiting foot plate.
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 78, wherein said foot plate includes means for engaging two the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 86
Independent Claim
84 words
A method for inserting spinal implants across a disc space between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a guard having an extension into the disc space between adjacent vertebrae so as to bear against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae to restore the spacing of the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae; forming, through said guard, at least one opening across the disc space and into a portion of the two adjacent vertebrae; and inserting said implants into the opening.
Claim 87
Independent Claim
84 words
A method for inserting spinal implants across a disc space between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a guard having an extension into the disc space between adjacent vertebrae so as to bear against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae to restore the spacing of the disc space between the adjacent vertebrae; forming, through said guard, at least one opening across the disc space and into a portion of the two adjacent vertebrae; and inserting said implants into the opening.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 80, wherein the step of inserting a guard includes the sub-step of inserting a pair of tubular members.
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
37 words
The method of claim 80, wherein the step of inserting said guard includes the sub-step of positioning the two adjacent vertebrae by bearing said extension of said guard against the end plates of the two adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 90
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 80, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step ol milling the opening.
Claim 91
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 80, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of drilling the opening.
Claim 92
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 84, wherein the forming step further comprises the sub-step of placing a drill having a diameter greater than the height of the disc space through said guard member prior to the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 93
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 80, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of using a trephine to form the opening.
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 80, further comprising the step of tapping the opening to provide threads over at least a portion of the two adjacent vertebrae prior to the step of inserting said implants.
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 80, further comprising the step of placing an inner sleeve within said guard prior to the step of forming the opening.
Claim 96
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 88, further comprising the step of removing said inner sleeve prior to the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 97
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 88, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of drilling the opening with a drill through said inner sleeve.
Claim 98
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 90, further comprising the step of removing said inner sleeve and said drill together prior to the step of inserting said implants.
Claim 99
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 80, wherein the step of inserting said implants includes the sub-step of inserting said implants into the opening through said guard.
Claim 100
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 80, further comprising the step of removing said guard after the step of inserting said implants.
Claim 101
Independent Claim
118 words
A method for inserting spinal implants between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: (1) inserting a first distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae and inserting a second distractor beside said first distractor to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the vertebrae; (2) placing over said first and second distractors a guard that engages said two adjacent vertebrae; (3) removing said first distractor; (4) forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae; (5) inserting one of said implants through said guard and into the opening; (6) removing said second distractor; and repeating steps (4) and (5).
Claim 102
Independent Claim
118 words
A method for inserting spinal implants between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: (1) inserting a first distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae and inserting a second distractor beside said first distractor to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the vertebrae; (2) placing over said first and second distractors a guard that engages said two adjacent vertebrae; (3) removing said first distractor; (4) forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae; (5) inserting one of said implants through said guard and into the opening; (6) removing said second distractor; and repeating steps (4) and (5).
Claim 103
Independent Claim
70 words
A method for securing a guard to two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting at least one alignment rod into a disc space intermediate the two adjacent vertebrae to induce angulation to the adjacent vertebrae; placing said guard over said rod, said rod serving to center and align said guard; driving said guard towards the spine to engage the spine; and removing said rod from said guard.
Claim 104
Independent Claim
70 words
A method for securing a guard to two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting at least one alignment rod into a disc space intermediate the two adjacent vertebrae to induce angulation to the adjacent vertebrae; placing said guard over said rod, said rod serving to center and align said guard; driving said guard towards the spine to engage the spine; and removing said rod from said guard.
Claim 105
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 95, wherein the driving step includes the sub-step of preventing over penetration of said guard.
Claim 106
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 96, wherein the sub-step of preventing over penetration includes the sub-step of lockably adjusting means for preventing over penetration of said guard.
Claim 107
Independent Claim
131 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a spinal distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae, said spinal distractor comprising a member terminating in a disc penetrating portion; inserting over the spinal distractor a hollow member having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the two adjacent vertebrae, said extension having an uneven height; removing the spinal distractor from said hollow member; forming through said hollow member a hole across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae; and inserting said implant in the hole through the hollow member.
Claim 108
Independent Claim
131 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a spinal distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to provide for proper spacing of the disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae, said spinal distractor comprising a member terminating in a disc penetrating portion; inserting over the spinal distractor a hollow member having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the two adjacent vertebrae, said extension having an uneven height; removing the spinal distractor from said hollow member; forming through said hollow member a hole across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae; and inserting said implant in the hole through the hollow member.
Claim 109
Independent Claim
14 words
The method of claims 98, wherein the forming step includes the sub-tep of drilling.
Claim 110
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 98, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of using a trephine in forming the hole.
Claim 111
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 98, further comprising the step of tapping the hole to provide threads over at least a portion of the two adjacent vertebrae prior to the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 112
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 98, wherein said uneven height of said extension increases in a direction away from said hollow member.
Claim 113
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 98, wherein said disc penetrating portion includes a tapered front end to facilitate insertion of said disc penetrating portion into the disc space.
Claim 114
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 98, wherein said uneven height of said extension of said hollow member decreases in a direction away from said hollow member.
Claim 115
Independent Claim
68 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a spinal distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to induce angulation to the adjacent vertebrae; positioning a guard over said spinal distractor and into contact with the adjacent vertebrae; forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space; and inserting said implant into the opening.
Claim 116
Independent Claim
68 words
A method for inserting a spinal implant between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting a spinal distractor into a disc space between the two adjacent vertebrae to induce angulation to the adjacent vertebrae; positioning a guard over said spinal distractor and into contact with the adjacent vertebrae; forming, through said guard, an opening across the disc space; and inserting said implant into the opening.
Claim 117
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the step of inserting said spinal distractor includes the step of restoring lordosis to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 118
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the step of inserting said spinal distractor includes the step of restoring kyphosis to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 119
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of removing said spinal distractor prior to the step of forming.
Claim 120
Dependent Claim
35 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the positioning step includes the step of positioning a guard having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 121
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the positioning step includes the step of positioning a tubular member.
Claim 122
Dependent Claim
43 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the positioning step includes the step of positioning a guard at least in part being generally tubular and having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 123
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the positioning step includes the sub-step of spacing the adjacent vertebrae apart.
Claim 124
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the positioning step includes the sub-step of inducing angulation to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 125
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 113, wherein the inducing angulation step includes the step of restoring lordosis to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 126
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 113, wherein the inducing angulation step includes the step of restoring kyphosis to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 127
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the positioning step includes the sub-step of maintaining the angulation of the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 128
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of engaging said guard into the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 129
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of embedding said guard into the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 130
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the step of positioning includes the step of driving said guard against the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 131
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of removing said guard after the step of inserting.
Claim 132
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the forming step includes the sub step of using one of a mill, reamer, chisel, and burr in forming the opening.
Claim 133
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of drilling the opening.
Claim 134
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method of claim 122, wherein the forming step further comprises the sub-step of placing a drill having a diameter greater than the disc space through said guard prior to the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 135
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 122, wherein the forming step further comprises the sub-step of placing a drill through said guard prior to the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 136
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 124, further comprising the sub-step of removing said drill after the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 137
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of using a trephine to form the opening.
Claim 138
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 126, wherein the sub-step of using a trephine includes the sub-step of placing said trephine over said spinal distractor.
Claim 139
Dependent Claim
45 words
The method of claim 126, wherein the sub-step of using a trephine includes the sub-steps of inserting through said guard a rotary cutter for amputating the base of a portion of the adjacent vertebrae partially cut through by use trephine and removing the rotary cutter.
Claim 140
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 120, wherein the sub-step of using a trephine includes the sub-step of removing from the opening the portion of the adjacent vertebrae cut by use of said trephine.
Claim 141
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the forming step includes the step of forming the opening across the disc space and into a portion of each of the two adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 142
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of tapping the opening to provide threads over at least a portion of the vertebrae prior to the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 143
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the step of inserting includes the sub-step of screwing said implant into the opening.
Claim 144
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the step of inserting includes the sub-step of inserting said implant through said guard and into the opening.
Claim 145
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 133, wherein the sub-step of inserting includes the sub-step of screwing said implant into the opening.
Claim 146
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of attaching a driving member to said implant prior to the step of inserting.
Claim 147
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 135, wherein the step of inserting includes the sub-step of using said driving member to insert said implant into the opening through said guard.
Claim 148
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 136, further comprising the step of removing sa driving member from said implant after the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 149
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method of claim 137, further comprising the step of removing sa driving member from said guard after the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 150
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 137, further comprising the step of removing said driving member and said guard together after the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 151
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of loading said implant with fusion promoting material prior to the step of inserting.
Claim 152
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 140, wherein the step of loading includes the sub-step of compressively loading said implant with fusion promoting material.
Claim 153
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 140, wherein the step of loading includes the sub-step of forcibly injecting said implant with fusion promoting material.
Claim 154
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 140, further comprising the step of retaining the fusion promoting material within said implant after the step of loading.
Claim 155
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 143, wherein the step of retaining includes the sub-step of attaching a cap to said implant to retain the fusion material.
Claim 156
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of loading said implant with osteogenic material prior to the step of inserting.
Claim 157
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the step of inserting includes inserting an implant containing a fusion promoting substance.
Claim 158
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the step of inserting includes inserting an implant comprising a fusion promoting substance.
Claim 159
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 105, wherein the step of inserting includes inserting an implant comprising a bone ingrowth surface.
Claim 160
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of placing an inner sleeve within said guard prior to the step of forming the opening.
Claim 161
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 149, wherein the forming step includes the sub-step of drilling the opening.
Claim 162
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 150, further comprising the step of removing said inner sleeve prior to the step of inserting said implant.
Claim 163
Dependent Claim
27 words
The method of claim 151, wherein the forming step further comprises the sub-step of placing a drill through said inner sleeve prior to the sub-step of drilling.
Claim 164
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 152, further comprising the step of removing said inner sleeve and said drill together prior to the inserting step.
Claim 165
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of using an endoscope during at least a portion of said method.
Claim 166
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 105, further comprising the step of using a radiographic imaging device during at least a portion of said method.
Claim 167
Independent Claim
64 words
A method for securing a guard to two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting at least one spinal distractor into a disc space intermediate the two adjacent vertebrae; placing over said spinal distractor a guard having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae; and removing said distractor from said guard.
Claim 168
Independent Claim
64 words
A method for securing a guard to two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: inserting at least one spinal distractor into a disc space intermediate the two adjacent vertebrae; placing over said spinal distractor a guard having an extension for insertion into the disc space and for bearing against end plates of the adjacent vertebrae; and removing said distractor from said guard.
Claim 169
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 156, wherein the step of placing includes the sub-step of centering and aligning said guard over said spinal distractor.
Claim 170
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 156, wherein the placing step includes the step of placing a tubular member.
Claim 171
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 156, wherein the placing step includes the sub-step of spacing the adjacent vertebrae apart.
Claim 172
Independent Claim
18 words
The method of 156, wherein the placing step includes the sub-step of inducing angulation to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 173
Independent Claim
18 words
The method of 156, wherein the placing step includes the sub-step of inducing angulation to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 174
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 160, wherein the inducing angulation step includes the step of restoring lordosis to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 175
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 160, wherein the inducing angulation step includes the step of restoring kyphosis to the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 176
Independent Claim
19 words
The method of 156, wherein the placing step includes the sub-step of maintaining the angulation of the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 177
Independent Claim
19 words
The method of 156, wherein the placing step includes the sub-step of maintaining the angulation of the adjacent vertebrae.
Claim 178
Independent Claim
40 words
A method for preloading a spinal fusion implant with fusion promoting material prior to insertion between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: positioning said implant into a press; and compressively loading said implant with fusion promoting material.
Claim 179
Independent Claim
40 words
A method for preloading a spinal fusion implant with fusion promoting material prior to insertion between two adjacent vertebrae, the method comprising the steps of: positioning said implant into a press; and compressively loading said implant with fusion promoting material.
Claim 180
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 164, wherein the compressively loading step includes loading said implant with osteogenic material.
Claim 181
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method of claim 164, wherein the compressively loading step includes the sub-step of forcibly injecting fusion promoting material into said implant.
Claim 182
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 164, wherein said implant has openings and wherein the compressively loading step includes the sub-step of filling the openings of said implant.
Claim 183
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method of claim 167, further comprising the step of attaching a cap to said implant to retain the fusion promoting material within said implant.
Claim 184
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 164, further comprising the step of removing a core of bone producing marrow from an iliac crest with which to load said implant prior to the compressively loading step.
Claim 185
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 169, wherein the removing step includes the sub-step of utilizing a trephine to remove the core.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US2878809A
Cited
US3618611A
Cited
US3867950A
Cited
US3848601A
Cited
US3888260A
Cited
US3918440A
Cited
DE2446039A1
Cited
US3942535A
Cited
US3875595A
Cited
US3916907A
Cited
FR2295729A1
Cited
US4027392A
Cited
US4082097A
Cited
US4232679A
Cited
US4232679B1
Cited
US4258716A
Cited
US4197850A
Cited
USD260525S
Cited
SU1124960A1
Cited
GB2076657A
Cited
JPS5729348A
Cited
GB2082754A
Cited
US4414979A
Cited
EP0077159A1
Cited
US4549547A
Cited
GB2126094A
Cited
WO1984001298A1
Cited
US4535374A
Cited
US4497320A
Cited
SU1107854A1
Cited
USD281814S
Cited
JPS6031706A
Cited
JPS6043984A
Cited
SU1222254A1
Cited
SU1217374A1
Cited
EP0162005A1
Cited
US4619264A
Cited
JPS61122859A
Cited
GB2164277A
Cited
US4602638A
Cited
US4592346A
Cited
US4653509A
Cited
JPS62155846A
Cited
US4664567A
Cited
DE3608163A1
Cited
US4863476A
Cited
US4769881A
Cited
US4805602A
Cited
US4878915A
Cited
US4781591A
Cited
EP0303241A2
Cited
US5105819A
Cited
US5026373A
Cited
US5062845A
Cited
US5030236A
Cited
US5055104A
Cited
WO1991006266A1
Cited
US5108422A
Cited
DE4104359A1
Cited
EP0499465A1
Cited
US5171278A
Cited
WO1992014423A1
Cited
US5112336A
Cited
WO1993001771A1
Cited
EP0551187A1
Cited
US5370697A
Cited
US5324295A
Cited
EP0577179A1
Cited
US5246458A
Cited
US5314427A
Cited
US5292252A
Cited
FR2703580A1
Cited
US5352229A
Cited
US5360430A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 2003-06-27 | 2003-12-27 | 2004-06-27 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2007-06-27 | 2007-12-27 | 2008-06-27 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2011-06-27 | 2011-12-27 | 2012-06-27 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |