Hydrocarbon hydrogenation process

Claim 2

A process comprising contacting a fluid which comprises a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon, in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst composition under a condition effective to convert said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon wherein said catalyst composition consists essentially of a palladium-containing material selected from the group consisting of palladium metal, palladium oxides, and combinations of two or more thereof, an alkali metal iodide, and an inorganic support material.

Claim 3

A process according to claim 1 wherein said fluid further comprises an alkene.

Claim 4

A process according to claim 2 wherein said alkene is selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butenes, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 5

A process according to claim 2 wherein said alkene is ethylene.

Claim 6

A process according to claim 1 wherein said inorganic support material is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, aluminosilicates, zinc aluminate, zinc titanate, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 7

A process according to claim 1 wherein said alkali metal iodide is potassium iodide and said inorganic support material is alumina.

Claim 8

A process according to claim 2 wherein said alkali metal iodide is potassium iodide and said inorganic support material is alumina.

Claim 9

A process according to claim 1 wherein said catalyst composition contains about 0.01 to about 2 weight % palladium and about 0.02 to about 10 weight % of an alkali metal.

Claim 10

A process according to claim 2 wherein said catalyst composition contains about 0.01 to about 2 weight % palladium and about 0.02 to about 10 weight % of an alkali metal.

Claim 11

A process according to claim 8 wherein said alkali metal is potassium and said inorganic support material is alumina.

Claim 12

A process according to claim 9 wherein said alkali metal is potassium and said inorganic support material is alumina.

Claim 13

A process according to claim 2 wherein said catalyst composition contains about 0.05 to about 1 weight % palladium and about 0.05 to about 5 weight % potassium, and has a surface area of about 1 to about 200 m 2 /g.

Claim 14

A process according to claim 1 wherein said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of diolefins, alkynes, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 15

A process according to claim 13 wherein said diolefin is selected from the group consisting of propadiene, propadiene, 1,2-butadiene, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,2-pentadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,2-hexadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 2-methyl-1,2-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, heptadienes, methylhexadienes, octadienes, methylheptadienes, dimethylhexadienes, ethylhexadienes, trimethylpentadienes, methyloctadienes, dimethylheptadienes, ethyloctadienes, trimethylhexadienes, nonadienes, decadienes, undecadienes, dodecadienes, cyclopentadienes, cyclohexadienes, methylcyclopentadienes, cycloheptadienes, methylcyclohexadienes dimethylcyclopentadienes, ethylcyclopentadienes, dicyclopentadiene, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 16

A process according to claim 13 wherein said diolefin is selected from the group consisting of propadiene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, isoprene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 17

A process according to claim 2 wherein said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of propadiene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, isoprene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 18

A process according to claim 13 wherein said alkyne is selected from the group consisting of acetylene, propyne, 1-butyne, 2-butyne, 1-pentyne, 2-pentyne, 3-methyl-1-butyne, 1-hexyne, 1-heptyne, 1-octyne, 1-nonyne, 1-decyne, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 19

A process according to claim 13 wherein said alkyne is acetylene.

Claim 20

A process according to claim 2 wherein said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is acetylene.

Claim 21

A process in accordance with claim 13 wherein said fluid further comprises 50 to 90 weight % of aromatic hydrocarbons.

Claim 22

A process in accordance with claim 2 wherein said fluid further comprises 50 to 90 weight % of aromatic hydrocarbons.

Claim 23

A process comprising contacting an alkene fluid stream which comprises a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon, in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst composition under a condition effective to convert said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon wherein said catalyst composition consists essentially of a palladium-containing material selected from the group consisting of palladium metal, palladium oxides, and combinations of two or more thereof, an alkali metal iodide, and an inorganic support material; said alkene is selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butenes, and mixtures of two or more thereof; said inorganic support material is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, aluminosilicates, zinc aluminate, zinc titanate, and mixtures of two or more thereof; said catalyst composition contains about 0.01 to about 2 weight % palladium and about 0.02 to about 10 weight % of an alkali metal; and said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of diolefins, alkynes, and combinations of two or more thereof.

Claim 24

A process comprising contacting an alkene fluid stream which comprises a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon, in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst composition under a condition effective to convert said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon wherein said catalyst composition consists essentially of a palladium-containing material selected from the group consisting of palladium metal, palladium oxides, and combinations of two or more thereof, an alkali metal iodide, and an inorganic support material; said alkene is selected from the group consisting of ethylene, propylene, butenes, and mixtures of two or more thereof; said inorganic support material is selected from the group consisting of alumina, silica, titania, zirconia, aluminosilicates, zinc aluminate, zinc titanate, and mixtures of two or more thereof; said catalyst composition contains about 0.01 to about 2 weight % palladium and about 0.02 to about 10 weight % of an alkali metal; and said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of diolefins, alkynes, and combinations of two or more thereof.

Claim 25

A process according to claim 22 wherein said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of propadiene, propadiene, 1,2-butadiene, 1,3-butadiene, isoprene, 1,2-pentadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, 1,2-hexadiene, 1,3-hexadiene, 1,4-hexadiene, 1,5-hexadiene, 2-methyl-1,2-pentadiene, 2,3-dimethyl-1,3-butadiene, heptadienes, methylhexadienes, octadienes, methylheptadienes, dimethylhexadienes, ethylhexadienes, trimethylpentadienes, methyloctadienes, dimethylheptadienes, ethyloctadienes, trimethylhexadienes, nonadienes, decadienes, undecadienes, dodecadienes, cyclopentadienes, cyclohexadienes, methylcyclopentadienes, cycloheptadienes, methylcyclohexadienes dimethylcyclopentadienes, ethylcyclopentadienes, dicyclopentadiene, acetylene, propyne, 1-butyne, 2-butyne, 1-pentyne, 2-pentyne, 3-methyl-1-butyne, 1-hexyne, 1-heptyne, 1-octyne, 1-nonyne, 1-decyne, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 26

A process according to claim 22 wherein said catalyst composition contains about 0.05 to about 1 weight % palladium and about 0.05 to about 5 weight % potassium, and has a surface area of about 1 to about 200 m 2 /g; and said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of acetylene, propadiene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, isoprene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and mixtures of two or more thereof.

Claim 27

A process in accordance with claim 22 wherein said alkene fluid stream further comprises 50 to 90 weight % of aromatic hydrocarbons.

Claim 28

A process according to claim 22 wherein said alkene is ethylene.

Claim 29

A process according to claim 22 wherein palladium is distributed on the surface of said inorganic support.

Claim 30

A selective hydrogenation process comprising contacting a fluid stream which comprises ethylene and a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon, in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst composition under a condition effective to convert said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon wherein said catalyst composition consists essentially of a palladium-containing material selected from the group consisting of palladium metal, palladium oxides, and combinations of two or more thereof, an alkali metal iodide, and an inorganic support material; said alkali metal iodide is potassium iodide and said inorganic support material is alumina; said catalyst composition contains about 0.05 to about 1 weight % palladium and about 0.05 to about 5 weight % potassium, and has a surface area of about 1 to about 200 m 2 /g; said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of acetylene, propadiene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, isoprene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and mixtures of two or more thereof; said process is carried out at a temperature in the range of about 30° to about 200° C. and under a pressure in the range of about 15 to about 2000 psig; and about 1 to about 2 moles of hydrogen are employed for each mole of said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon present.

Claim 31

A selective hydrogenation process comprising contacting a fluid stream which comprises ethylene and a highly unsaturated hydrocarbon, in the presence of hydrogen, with a catalyst composition under a condition effective to convert said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon to a less unsaturated hydrocarbon wherein said catalyst composition consists essentially of a palladium-containing material selected from the group consisting of palladium metal, palladium oxides, and combinations of two or more thereof, an alkali metal iodide, and an inorganic support material; said alkali metal iodide is potassium iodide and said inorganic support material is alumina; said catalyst composition contains about 0.05 to about 1 weight % palladium and about 0.05 to about 5 weight % potassium, and has a surface area of about 1 to about 200 m 2 /g; said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon is selected from the group consisting of acetylene, propadiene, 1,3-butadiene, 1,3-pentadiene, 1,4-pentadiene, isoprene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene, dicyclopentadiene, and mixtures of two or more thereof; said process is carried out at a temperature in the range of about 30° to about 200° C. and under a pressure in the range of about 15 to about 2000 psig; and about 1 to about 2 moles of hydrogen are employed for each mole of said highly unsaturated hydrocarbon present.

Claim 32

A process according to claim 28 wherein said fluid stream also comprises 50 to 90 weight % of aromatic hydrocarbons.

Claim 33

A process according to claim 13 wherein said alkyne has 2 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule and said diolefin has 3 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule.

Claim 34

A process according to claim 22 wherein said alkyne has 2 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule and said diolefin has 3 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule.