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US5320770A
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Electrorheological (ER) fluid based on amino acid containing metal polyoxo-salts
Assignee: Dow Silicones Corp
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Filing: 1992-04-27
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Granted: 1994-06-14
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Expires: 2012-04-27
Abstract
Abstract The present invention relates to an electrorheological fluid composition comprising a dispersion of a plurality of solid particles in an electrically non-conducting liquid, the improvement comprising using as said solid particles a composition having the general formula: [(M).sup.p (H.sub.2 O).sub.x (OH).sub.y ].sup.q.sub.c [A] r d .B z .nH 2 O wherein M is a metal cation or a mixture of metal cations at various ratios; p is the total valence of M and has a value of greater than zero; x is zero or has a value greater than zero, y is zero or has a value greater than zero, with the proviso that only one of x or y can be zero at any given time; q has a value of p minus y with the proviso that q has a value of at least one; c has a value of greater than zero; A is an anion or a mixture of anions at various ratios; r is the total valence of A with the proviso that r has a value of at least one; d has a value of greater than zero with the proviso that (q×c) is always equal to (r×d); B is an amino acid or a mixture of amino acids; z has a value of from 0.01 to 100; and n is a number from 0 to 15. The ER fluids of the present invention have greatly improved yield stress increasing potential stress transfer characteristics, and good dispersion stability.
Inventors
- 👤 Lori J. Conway
- 👤 Donald A. Kadlec
- 👤 Joan S. Holtschlag
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 04:43
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10M; C10M171/00; C10M171/001
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 12
Claim 1
Independent Claim
211 words
An electrorheological fluid composition comprising (i) an electrically non-conducting liquid selected from the group consisting of polychlorinated biphenyl, fluorocarbon oil, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and polymethyltrifluoropropylsiloxane; and (ii) a compound having the general formula: [(M).sup.p (H.sub.2 O).sub.x (OH).sub.y ].sup.q.sub.c [A].sup.r.sub.d.B.sub.z.nH.sub.2 O wherein M is a metal cation or a mixture of metal cations at various ratios; p is the total valence of M and has a value of greater than zero; x is zero or has a value greater than zero, y is zero or has a value greater than zero, with the proviso that only one of x or y can be zero at any given time; q has a value of p minus y with the proviso that q has a value of at least one; c has a value of greater than zero; A is an anion or a mixture of anions at various ratios; r is the total valence of A with the proviso that r has a value of at least one; d has a value of greater than zero with the proviso that (q×c) is always equal to (r×d); B is an amino acid or a mixture of amino acids; z has a value of from 0.01 to 100; and n is a number from 0 to 15.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
211 words
An electrorheological fluid composition comprising (i) an electrically non-conducting liquid selected from the group consisting of polychlorinated biphenyl, fluorocarbon oil, chlorotrifluoroethylene, and polymethyltrifluoropropylsiloxane; and (ii) a compound having the general formula: [(M).sup.p (H.sub.2 O).sub.x (OH).sub.y ].sup.q.sub.c [A].sup.r.sub.d.B.sub.z.nH.sub.2 O wherein M is a metal cation or a mixture of metal cations at various ratios; p is the total valence of M and has a value of greater than zero; x is zero or has a value greater than zero, y is zero or has a value greater than zero, with the proviso that only one of x or y can be zero at any given time; q has a value of p minus y with the proviso that q has a value of at least one; c has a value of greater than zero; A is an anion or a mixture of anions at various ratios; r is the total valence of A with the proviso that r has a value of at least one; d has a value of greater than zero with the proviso that (q×c) is always equal to (r×d); B is an amino acid or a mixture of amino acids; z has a value of from 0.01 to 100; and n is a number from 0 to 15.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
33 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 1, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of alkaline earth metals, transition metals, lanthanides, Group 13 elements, Group 14 elements, and Group 15 elements.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
22 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 1, wherein M is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, zirconium, iron, and zinc.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
13 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 1, wherein A is a halide.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
22 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 4, wherein the halide is selected from the group consisting of chloride, bromide, and iodide.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
20 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 1, wherein A is selected from the group consisting of sulfate and phosphate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
27 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 1, wherein B is selected from the group consisting of essential amino acids, nonessential amino acids, and synthetic amino acids.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
29 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 7, wherein the essential amino acid is selected from the group consisting of isoleucine, phenylalanine, leucine, lysine, methionine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 7 wherein the non-essential amino acid is selected from the group consisting of alanine, glycine, arginine, histidine, proline, and glutamic acid.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
26 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 7, wherein the synthetic amino acid is selected from the group consisting of Sarcosine, 6-aminocaproic Acid, and DL-2-Aminobutryic Acid.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
69 words
An electrorheological fluid composition according to claim 1, wherein: (a) M is a mixture of aluminum and zirconium; (b) x is equal to zero; (c) y is a number from 0.1 to 15; (d) A is chloride; (e) d is a number from 0.1 to 5; (e) B is proline; (f) z is a number from 0.1 to 5; and (g) n is a number from 0.1 to 10.
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