US5261874A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Extra-corporeal blood access, sensing, and radiation methods and apparatuses
Assignee: National Aeronautics and Space Administration
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Filing: 1991-09-16
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Granted: 1993-11-16
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Expires: 2011-09-16
Abstract
Abstract Methods and apparatuses for extra corporeal access to blood for analysis of the blood and for treating it or constituents of it with force, energy, or radiation; e.g. electrical energy, heat, sound or electromagnetic or electrostatic force; such apparatuses in one aspect having one or more access ports in tubing or other members through which blood flows with treatment and/or analysis windows disposed at adjacent, within, or over the ports.
Inventors
- 👤 Kent D. Castle
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 09:13
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61M; A61M1/00; A61M1/36; A61M1/369; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/145; A61B5/1455; A61B5/14551; A61B5/14557; A61M1/3621; A61M1/367; A61M1/3681; G; G01; G01N; G01N21/00; G01N21/84; G01N21/85; A61M1/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
119 words
A method for extra-corporeally applying radiant energy to flowing blood flowing through a hollow tubular conduit, said radiant energy being blood reflectable, the method comprising introducing said radiant energy from a source through a first window at a first port in the conduit, directing said radiant energy to the flowing blood so that a portion of said radiant energy reflects back from the blood through the first window to a reflection member secured to the conduit, the reflection member directing a portion of said radiant energy back to the flowing blood through a second window at a second port in the conduit, and a portion of said radiant energy reflecting away from the blood back through the second window.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
119 words
A method for extra-corporeally applying radiant energy to flowing blood flowing through a hollow tubular conduit, said radiant energy being blood reflectable, the method comprising introducing said radiant energy from a source through a first window at a first port in the conduit, directing said radiant energy to the flowing blood so that a portion of said radiant energy reflects back from the blood through the first window to a reflection member secured to the conduit, the reflection member directing a portion of said radiant energy back to the flowing blood through a second window at a second port in the conduit, and a portion of said radiant energy reflecting away from the blood back through the second window.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
67 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the first and second windows are disposed on a first part of the conduit which is smaller in cross-sectional area than portions of the conduit on either side of the first portion so that velocity of blood flow is faster through the first part of the conduit than through the portions of the conduit on either side of the first part.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
95 words
The method of claim 1 wherein: the conduit includes a transparent member secured adjacent the first and second windows, the radiant energy directed to and through a third window and a third port on the transparent member prior to passage through the first window, the reflection member secured to the transparent member, reflected radiant energy passing through the transparent member in going to and from the reflection member, and reflected radiant energy passing through the transparent member from the second window and passing through a fourth port and a fourth window on the transparent member.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the radiant energy is electromagnetic radiation.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 1 wherein the radiant energy is light.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the light is infrared radiation and heats the blood.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 5 wherein the light is a laser beam.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 wherein only certain blood constituents are flowing through the conduit.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 comprising also sensing the portion of the radiant energy reflected through the second window.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 9 including analyzing the portion of the radiant energy reflected through the second window.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 3 including sensing the portion of the radiant energy reflected through the fourth window and analyzing it.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 1 wherein at least one of the window is a lens.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the radiant energy is sound waves.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 13 wherein the sound waves are ultrasonic or radio-frequency.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
282 words
A method for extra-corporeally applying radiant energy to flowing blood flowing through a hollow tubular conduit, said radiant energy being blood reflectable, the method comprising introducing said radiant energy from a source through a first window at a first port in the conduit, directing said radiant energy to the flowing blood so that a portion of said radiant energy reflects back from the blood through the first window to a reflection member, secured to the conduit, the reflection member directing a portion of said radiant energy back to the flowing blood through a second window at a second port in the conduit, reflecting a portion of said radiant energy away from the blood back through the second window, the first and second windows are disposed on a first part of the conduit which is smaller in cross-sectional area than portions of the conduit on either side of the first portion so that velocity of blood flow is faster through the first part of the conduit than through the portions of the conduit on either side of the first part thereof, a transparent member secured adjacent the first and second windows, directing said radiant energy to and through a third window and a third port on the transparent member prior to passage through the first window, the reflection member secured to the transparent member, reflected radiant energy passing through the transparent member in going to and from the reflection member, and reflected radiant energy passing through the transparent member from the second window and passing through a fourth port and a fourth window on the transparent member, and sensing the portion of the radiant energy reflected through the fourth window and analyzing it.
Claim 17
Independent Claim
282 words
A method for extra-corporeally applying radiant energy to flowing blood flowing through a hollow tubular conduit, said radiant energy being blood reflectable, the method comprising introducing said radiant energy from a source through a first window at a first port in the conduit, directing said radiant energy to the flowing blood so that a portion of said radiant energy reflects back from the blood through the first window to a reflection member, secured to the conduit, the reflection member directing a portion of said radiant energy back to the flowing blood through a second window at a second port in the conduit, reflecting a portion of said radiant energy away from the blood back through the second window, the first and second windows are disposed on a first part of the conduit which is smaller in cross-sectional area than portions of the conduit on either side of the first portion so that velocity of blood flow is faster through the first part of the conduit than through the portions of the conduit on either side of the first part thereof, a transparent member secured adjacent the first and second windows, directing said radiant energy to and through a third window and a third port on the transparent member prior to passage through the first window, the reflection member secured to the transparent member, reflected radiant energy passing through the transparent member in going to and from the reflection member, and reflected radiant energy passing through the transparent member from the second window and passing through a fourth port and a fourth window on the transparent member, and sensing the portion of the radiant energy reflected through the fourth window and analyzing it.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
116 words
A method for extra-corporeally radiating flowing blood with radiant energy, said radiant energy being blood reflectable, flowing the blood through an inner transparent flow conduit disposed within an outer conduit, directing said radiant energy thorough a window at a port on the outer conduit to the blood flowing in the inner conduit, directing said radiant energy to a beam splitter prior to encountering the flowing blood so that multiple energy rays are directed to the blood, and reflecting a portion of said radiant energy reflected from the blood to a reflective coating on an interior surface of the outer conduit which reflects a portion of said radiant energy back to the blood in the inner conduit.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
116 words
A method for extra-corporeally radiating flowing blood with radiant energy, said radiant energy being blood reflectable, flowing the blood through an inner transparent flow conduit disposed within an outer conduit, directing said radiant energy thorough a window at a port on the outer conduit to the blood flowing in the inner conduit, directing said radiant energy to a beam splitter prior to encountering the flowing blood so that multiple energy rays are directed to the blood, and reflecting a portion of said radiant energy reflected from the blood to a reflective coating on an interior surface of the outer conduit which reflects a portion of said radiant energy back to the blood in the inner conduit.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the radiant energy is electromagnetic radiation.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the radiant energy is light.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 17 wherein the light is a laser beam.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 18 wherein the light is ultraviolet radiation.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the radiant energy is infrared radiation which heats the blood.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method of claim 16 wherein the window is a lens.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1996-11-15 | 1997-05-17 | 1997-11-16 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 2000-11-15 | 2001-05-17 | 2001-11-16 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2004-11-15 | 2005-05-17 | 2005-11-16 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |