US5035230A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Disposable food heater
Assignee: Tempra Technology Inc
•
Filing: 1990-02-23
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Granted: 1991-07-30
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Expires: 2010-02-23
Abstract
Abstract Control of the exothermic chemical reaction between an oxidizing agent and an associated fuel, particularly potassium permanganate and ethylene glycol, is produced by binding the oxidizing agent such that there is a controlled exposure of the oxidizing agent to the fuel, the controlled exposure of the oxidizing agent to the fuel corresponding to a predetermined rate of reaction.
Inventors
- 👤 Gary V. Steidl
- 👤 Cullen M. Sabin
- 👤 Dennis A. Thomas
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 02:21
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09K; C09K5/00; C09K5/16; A; A47; A47J; A47J36/00; A47J36/24; A47J36/28; F; F24; F24V; F24V30/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 30
Claim 1
Independent Claim
98 words
A heater, comprising: a disposable container divided into a first zone and a second zone; a substantially solid oxidizing agent sealed within the first zone, wherein particles of said oxidizing agent are embedded in solid pieces of a dissolvable binder and are dispersed throughout said binder; a substantially liquid fuel sealed within the second zone of said container; and a separator disposed between said first zone and said second zone, said separator being operable to provide fluid communication between said first zone and said second zone, said fluid communication initiating a controlled exothermic chemical reaction within said container.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
98 words
A heater, comprising: a disposable container divided into a first zone and a second zone; a substantially solid oxidizing agent sealed within the first zone, wherein particles of said oxidizing agent are embedded in solid pieces of a dissolvable binder and are dispersed throughout said binder; a substantially liquid fuel sealed within the second zone of said container; and a separator disposed between said first zone and said second zone, said separator being operable to provide fluid communication between said first zone and said second zone, said fluid communication initiating a controlled exothermic chemical reaction within said container.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
14 words
The heater of claim 1, wherein said exothermic reaction occurs in an aqueous environment.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The heater of claim 1, wherein said container comprises material resistant to said exothermic chemical reaction.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
12 words
The heater of claim 1, wherein said oxidizing agent comprises potassium permanganate.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The heater of claim 1, wherein said fuel comprises a polyhydroxy compound.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
11 words
The heater of claim 5, wherein said fuel comprises ethylene glycol.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The heater of claim 3, wherein said container comprises a polymer material.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
20 words
The heater of claim 1, wherein said container comprises a thin-walled envelope that conforms to the shape of its surroundings.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The heater of claim 1, further comprising means for providing propagation of said reaction at a controlled rate.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
24 words
The heater of claim 9, wherein said means for providing propagation comprises a selectively dissolvable binding agent into which said oxidizing agent is bound.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
14 words
The heater of claim 9, wherein said selectively dissolvable binding agent comprises sodium silicate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The heater of claim 11, wherein said sodium silicate is diluted with water.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
14 words
The heater of claim 12, wherein said sodium silicate is dissolvable in said fuel.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The heater of claim 6, wherein said ethylene glycol is mixed with an inorganic solvent.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
16 words
The heater of claim -, wherein said fuel comprises a mixture of ethylene glycol and water.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
13 words
The heater of claim 10, wherein said binding agent is soluble in water.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
27 words
The heater of claim 10, wherein said binding agent dissolves during said exothermic reaction to controllably expose said oxidizing agent to said fuel at a predetermined rate.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
32 words
The heater of claim 10, wherein said binding agent is mixed with said oxidizing agent to provide a constant nominal surface area of said oxidizing agent as said binding agent is solubilized.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
12 words
The heater of claim wherein said separator comprises a single-use frangible membrane.
Claim 21
Independent Claim
144 words
A method for heating food, comprising the steps of: a. providing a heating apparatus, comprising: (1) a container having a separate first and second zone; (2) particles of an oxidizing agent embedded in solid pieces of a dissolvable binder and dispersed throughout said binder; (3) a fuel within said second zone susceptible to spontaneous oxidation by said oxidizing agent; (4) a separator disposed between said first zone and said second zone to separate said fuel from said oxidizing agent; b. Compromizing said separator to permit contact between said oxidizing agent and said fuel, thereby initiating an exothermic chemical reaction; c. controlling said exothermic chemical reaction by gradually dissolving said binding agent to selectively expose said oxidizing agent to said fuel; d. providing a food portion in association with said container; and e. heating said food portion by heat evolved from said exothermic chemical reaction.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
144 words
A method for heating food, comprising the steps of: a. providing a heating apparatus, comprising: (1) a container having a separate first and second zone; (2) particles of an oxidizing agent embedded in solid pieces of a dissolvable binder and dispersed throughout said binder; (3) a fuel within said second zone susceptible to spontaneous oxidation by said oxidizing agent; (4) a separator disposed between said first zone and said second zone to separate said fuel from said oxidizing agent; b. Compromizing said separator to permit contact between said oxidizing agent and said fuel, thereby initiating an exothermic chemical reaction; c. controlling said exothermic chemical reaction by gradually dissolving said binding agent to selectively expose said oxidizing agent to said fuel; d. providing a food portion in association with said container; and e. heating said food portion by heat evolved from said exothermic chemical reaction.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said fuel is a polyhydroxy compound.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 20, wherein said oxidizing agent is potassium permanganate.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of providing a controlled exothermic chemical reaction, comprising the steps of: providing an oxidizing agent bound within a binding agent, so that particles of said oxidizing agent are embedded in solid pieces of said dissolvable binding agent and are dispersed throughout said binding agent; providing a fuel which is capable of reacting with said oxidizing agent; combining said bound oxidizing agent and said fuel to initiate an exothermic chemical reaction; and gradually dissolving said binding agent to controllably and continuously expose new particles of said oxidizing agent to said fuel.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of providing a controlled exothermic chemical reaction, comprising the steps of: providing an oxidizing agent bound within a binding agent, so that particles of said oxidizing agent are embedded in solid pieces of said dissolvable binding agent and are dispersed throughout said binding agent; providing a fuel which is capable of reacting with said oxidizing agent; combining said bound oxidizing agent and said fuel to initiate an exothermic chemical reaction; and gradually dissolving said binding agent to controllably and continuously expose new particles of said oxidizing agent to said fuel.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 23, wherein said oxidizing agent comprises potassium permanganate.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 23, wherein said binding agent comprises sodium silicate.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 23, wherein said fuel comprises a polyhydroxy compound.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 26, wherein said polyhydroxy compound comprises ethylene glycol.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1994-07-29 | 1995-01-28 | 1995-07-30 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1998-07-29 | 1999-01-28 | 1999-07-30 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 2002-07-29 | 2003-01-28 | 2003-07-30 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |