Patent US3909110A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4948366A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Adhesive bond strength control for orthodontic brackets
Assignee: 3M Unitek Corp
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Filing: 1989-08-03
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Granted: 1990-08-14
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Expires: 2009-08-03
Abstract
Abstract Ceramic orthodontic brackets are bonded to teeth with dental adhesive. Each bracket has a silica-containing layer on the tooth facing base of the bracket. A silanation layer is also applied to the base. The silanation layer is deposited from a solution containing a first silane coupling agent reactive with organic resin in the adhesive and a second silane coupling agent having a non-reactive orgainc group. Collectively the silanes occupy all of the silanation sites on the silica-containing substrate. By controlling the ratio of reactive and non-reactive silane coupling agents, the bond strength between the substrate and the adhesive can be controlled. A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets can have uniform force of removal by varying the porportions of silane coupling agents on the brackets.
Inventors
- 👤 Jerold S. Horn
- 👤 Henrick K. Gille
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 19:48
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61C; A61C7/00; A61C7/12; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T156/00; Y10T156/10; Y10T156/1002; Y10T156/1043; Y10T156/1049; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31551; Y10T428/31609; Y10T428/31612
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 56
Claim 1
Independent Claim
102 words
A method for controlling bond strength between an inorganic substrate and an acrylate or methacrylate resin comprising the steps of: contacting the inorganic substrate with a composition comprising a mixture of an organofunctional silane coupling agent comprising a methacryl group which is reactive with the resin and an organosilane coupling agent which is not reactive with the resin; and reacting the resin with the organofunctional silane coupling agent on the substrate for providing an average bond strength less than the bond strength obtained when only the silane coupling agent comprising a methacryl group is applied to the base of such a substrate.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
102 words
A method for controlling bond strength between an inorganic substrate and an acrylate or methacrylate resin comprising the steps of: contacting the inorganic substrate with a composition comprising a mixture of an organofunctional silane coupling agent comprising a methacryl group which is reactive with the resin and an organosilane coupling agent which is not reactive with the resin; and reacting the resin with the organofunctional silane coupling agent on the substrate for providing an average bond strength less than the bond strength obtained when only the silane coupling agent comprising a methacryl group is applied to the base of such a substrate.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the organofunctnional silane coupling agent and the organosilane coupling agent have the same hydrolyzable moieties.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the organofunctional silane coupling agent comprises gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the nonfunctional organosilane coupling agent comprises n-propyltrimethoxysilane.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as recited in claim 1 wherein the silane coupling agents are prehydrolyzed before contacting the inorganic substrate.
Claim 6
Independent Claim
80 words
A method for controlling bond strength between a silica-containing substrate and an organic resin comprising the step of contacting the silica-containing substrate with a composition comprising an organofunctional silane coupling agent which is reactive with the organic resin and diluted with sufficient organosilane coupling agent which is not reactive with the organic resin to reduce the average bond strength between the substrate and the organic resin to a selected fraction of the bond strength obtained using only the organofunctional silane.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
80 words
A method for controlling bond strength between a silica-containing substrate and an organic resin comprising the step of contacting the silica-containing substrate with a composition comprising an organofunctional silane coupling agent which is reactive with the organic resin and diluted with sufficient organosilane coupling agent which is not reactive with the organic resin to reduce the average bond strength between the substrate and the organic resin to a selected fraction of the bond strength obtained using only the organofunctional silane.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
19 words
A method as recited in claim 5 wherein the silane coupling agents are prehydrolyzed before contacting the silica-containing substrate.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
27 words
A method as recited in claim 5 wherein the organic resin comprises an acrylate or methacrylate resin and the organofunctional silane coupling agent comprises a methacryl group.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
16 words
A method as recited in claim 5 wherein each of the silanes comprises hydrolyzable alkoxy groups.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as recited in claim 8 wherein the silanes are prehydrolyzed before contacting the silica-containing substrate.
Claim 12
Independent Claim
100 words
A method for controlling bond strength between a dental substrate and a dental adhesive comprising the steps of: contacting the dental substrate with a composition comprising a mixture of a first silane coupling agent comprising methacryl groups which has a relatively higher bond strength with the dental adhesive and a second silane coupling agent having at least three carbon atoms which has a relatively lower bond strength with the dental adhesive; and contacting the dental adhesive and the silane coupling agents on the substrate for providing a bond strength intermediate between the bond strength of either silane coupling agent above.
Claim 13
Independent Claim
100 words
A method for controlling bond strength between a dental substrate and a dental adhesive comprising the steps of: contacting the dental substrate with a composition comprising a mixture of a first silane coupling agent comprising methacryl groups which has a relatively higher bond strength with the dental adhesive and a second silane coupling agent having at least three carbon atoms which has a relatively lower bond strength with the dental adhesive; and contacting the dental adhesive and the silane coupling agents on the substrate for providing a bond strength intermediate between the bond strength of either silane coupling agent above.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as recited in claim 10 wherein the reactive silane coupling agent comprises gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and the nonreactive organosilane coupling agent comprises n-propyltrimethoxysilane.
Claim 15
Independent Claim
115 words
A method for bonding an orthodontic bracket to a tooth comprising the steps of: applying to the base of the bracket a solution containing a mixture of silane coupling agents, at least one of the silane coupling agents comprising a methacryl group and at least one of the silane coupling agents comprising an organic group which is not reactive with a methacrylate resin; condensing the coupling agents on the substrate; and bonding the bracket to a tooth with an adhesive including a methacrylate resin for providing an average bond strength less than the bond strength obtained when only the silane coupling agent comprising a methacryl group is applied to the base of such a bracket.
Claim 16
Independent Claim
115 words
A method for bonding an orthodontic bracket to a tooth comprising the steps of: applying to the base of the bracket a solution containing a mixture of silane coupling agents, at least one of the silane coupling agents comprising a methacryl group and at least one of the silane coupling agents comprising an organic group which is not reactive with a methacrylate resin; condensing the coupling agents on the substrate; and bonding the bracket to a tooth with an adhesive including a methacrylate resin for providing an average bond strength less than the bond strength obtained when only the silane coupling agent comprising a methacryl group is applied to the base of such a bracket.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
24 words
A method as recited in claim 12 comprising prehydrolyzing the silanes int eh solution before applying the solution to the base of the bracket.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
29 words
A method as recited in claim 12 wherein the organic group which is not reactive with a methacrylate resin comprises an organic group having at least three carbon atoms.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as recited in claim 12 wherein each of the silanes has substantially equal reactivity with the base of the bracket.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
23 words
A method as edited in claim 12 further comprising applying a silica-containing layer on the base of the bracket before applying the solution.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
33 words
A method as recited in claim 12 wherein the methacryl-containing silane coupling agent comprises gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane or the hydrolyzed equivalent thereof, and the nonreactive orgaosilane coupling agent comprises n-propyltrimethoxysilane or the hydrolyzed equivalent thereof.
Claim 22
Independent Claim
110 words
A method for bonding a ceramic orthodontic bracket to a tooth comprising the steps of: applying a silica-containing layer on the base of the ceramic bracket; silanating the silica-containing layer with a mixture of silane coupling agents, at least one of the silane coupling agents comprising a methacryl group which is reactive with a methacrylate dental adhesive and at least one of the silane coupling agents comprising an organic group which is not reactive with a methacrylate dental adhesive; and bonding the bracket to a tooth with a methacrylate dental adhesive for providing sufficient adhesive bond strength for orthodontic adjustment and insufficient to avoid trauma to the tooth upon removal.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
110 words
A method for bonding a ceramic orthodontic bracket to a tooth comprising the steps of: applying a silica-containing layer on the base of the ceramic bracket; silanating the silica-containing layer with a mixture of silane coupling agents, at least one of the silane coupling agents comprising a methacryl group which is reactive with a methacrylate dental adhesive and at least one of the silane coupling agents comprising an organic group which is not reactive with a methacrylate dental adhesive; and bonding the bracket to a tooth with a methacrylate dental adhesive for providing sufficient adhesive bond strength for orthodontic adjustment and insufficient to avoid trauma to the tooth upon removal.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
17 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein the silanes are prehydrolyzed before silanating the silica-containing layer.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
21 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein the silane comprising a methacryl group comprises gamma-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane or the hydrolyzed equivalent thereof.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
15 words
A method as recited in claim 20 wherein the nonreactive silane coupling agent comprises n-propyltrimethoxysilane.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
20 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein each of the silanes has substantially equal reactivity with the silica-containing layer.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein the adhesive bond strength is in the range of from 20 to 65 pounds.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as recited in claim 18 wherein the adhesive bond strength is in the range of from 35 to 40 pounds.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
55 words
An orthodontic bracket comprising: a ceramic body; a silica-containing layer on the base of the body; and a silane coupling agent layer on the silica-containing base, the silane coupling agent layer comprising a mixture of organic groups which are reactive with a methacrylate adhesive and organic groups which are not reactive with the methacrylate adhesive.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
55 words
An orthodontic bracket comprising: a ceramic body; a silica-containing layer on the base of the body; and a silane coupling agent layer on the silica-containing base, the silane coupling agent layer comprising a mixture of organic groups which are reactive with a methacrylate adhesive and organic groups which are not reactive with the methacrylate adhesive.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
15 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 25 wherein the organofunctional groups comprise methacryl groups.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
19 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 26 wherein the non-reactive organic groups have at least three carbon atoms.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
23 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 25 wherein the reactive organic groups comprise gamma-methacryloxypropyl groups and the nonreactive groups comprise n-propyl groups.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
88 words
An orthodontic bracket comprising: a ceramic body; and a silica-containing layer on the base of the ceramic body; and characterized by substantially all of the silanation sites on the silica-containing layer being occupied by silane coupling agents, a first portion of the silane coupling agents having a higher bonding strength to a dental adhesive, and a second portion of the silane coupling agents having a lower bonding strength to a dental adhesive for obtaining a bonding strength intermediate between the bonding strength of either silane coupling agent alone.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
88 words
An orthodontic bracket comprising: a ceramic body; and a silica-containing layer on the base of the ceramic body; and characterized by substantially all of the silanation sites on the silica-containing layer being occupied by silane coupling agents, a first portion of the silane coupling agents having a higher bonding strength to a dental adhesive, and a second portion of the silane coupling agents having a lower bonding strength to a dental adhesive for obtaining a bonding strength intermediate between the bonding strength of either silane coupling agent alone.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
27 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 29 wherein the portion of silane coupling agents having a higher strength comprises organic groups reactive with a dental adhesive.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
22 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 29 wherein the portion of silane coupling agents having a higher strength comprises methacryl groups.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
29 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 31 wherein the second portion of silane coupling agents having a lower strength comprises organic groups having at least three carbon atoms.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
38 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 29 wherein the first portion of silane coupling agents having a higher strength comprise gamma-methacryloxypropyl groups and the second portion of silane coupling agents having a lower strength comprise n-propyl groups.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as recited in claim 29 wherein the adhesive bond strength is in the range of from 20 to 65 pounds.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
22 words
A method as recited in claim 29 wherein the adhesive bond strength is in the range of from 35 to 40 pounds.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
117 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets comprising: lower anterior brackets; central and lateral brackets; cuspid brackets; and optionally bicuspid brackets; and wherein each bracket comprises a silanation layer on the base, such a silanation layer comprising a mixture of silane coupling agents, a first portion of the silane coupling agents having a higher bond strength to a dental adhesive and a second portion of the silane coupling agents having a lower bond strength to a dental adhesive, the proportion of the higher bond strength silane coupling agent to the lower bond strength coupling agent differing on the brackets for providing substantially the same removal force for each bracket in the set when debonded from its respective tooth.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
117 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets comprising: lower anterior brackets; central and lateral brackets; cuspid brackets; and optionally bicuspid brackets; and wherein each bracket comprises a silanation layer on the base, such a silanation layer comprising a mixture of silane coupling agents, a first portion of the silane coupling agents having a higher bond strength to a dental adhesive and a second portion of the silane coupling agents having a lower bond strength to a dental adhesive, the proportion of the higher bond strength silane coupling agent to the lower bond strength coupling agent differing on the brackets for providing substantially the same removal force for each bracket in the set when debonded from its respective tooth.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
53 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets as recited in claim 36 wherein the proportion of the relatively higher bond strength silane coupling agent is greater in the silanation layer on the lower anterior brackets than the proportion of the higher bond strength silane coupling agent in the silanation layer on the bicuspid brackets.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
51 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets as recited in claim 36 wherein the proportion of higher bond strength silane coupling agent in the silanation layer on the central and lateral brackets is between the proportions of higher bond strength silane coupling agent on the lower anterior brackets and the bicuspid brackets.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
41 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets as recited in claim 36 wherein the removal force for each bracket in the set, when bonded to each respective tooth by a dental adhesive, is in the range of from 35 to 40 pounds.
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
27 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 36 wherein the portion of silane coupling agents having a higher strength comprises organic groups reactive with a dental adhesive.
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
23 words
An orthodontic bracket as recited in claim 36 wherein the first portion of silane coupling agents having a higher strength comprises methacryl groups.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
31 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets as recited in claim 36 wherein the higher bond strength coupling agent comprises gamma-methacryloxypropyl groups and the lower bond strength coupling agent comprises n-propyl groups.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
41 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets as recited in claim 36 wherein the removal force for each bracket in the set, when bonded to each respective tooth by a dental adhesive, is in the range of from 20 to 65 pounds.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
128 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets comprising: central and lateral brackets having a silanation layer on the base thereof comprising a mixture of a first silane coupling agent having an organic group reactive with a dental adhesive and a second silane coupling agent having an organic group that is not reactive with a dental adhesive; and cuspid and bicuspid brackets having a silanation layer on the base thereof comprising a mixture of the first silane coupling agent and the second silane coupling agent; and wherein the ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the second silane coupling agent is greater on the central and lateral brackets than the ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the second silane coupling agent on the cuspid and bicuspid brackets.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
128 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets comprising: central and lateral brackets having a silanation layer on the base thereof comprising a mixture of a first silane coupling agent having an organic group reactive with a dental adhesive and a second silane coupling agent having an organic group that is not reactive with a dental adhesive; and cuspid and bicuspid brackets having a silanation layer on the base thereof comprising a mixture of the first silane coupling agent and the second silane coupling agent; and wherein the ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the second silane coupling agent is greater on the central and lateral brackets than the ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the second silane coupling agent on the cuspid and bicuspid brackets.
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
83 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets as recited in claim 44 further comprising lower anterior brackets having a silanation layer on the base thereof comprising a mixture of the first silane coupling agent and the second silane coupling agent, and wherein the ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the second silane coupling agent is greater on the lower anterior brackets than the ratio of the first silane coupling agent to the second silane coupling agent on the central and lateral brackets.
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
20 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets as recited in claim 45 wherein the first silane coupling agent comprises methacryl groups.
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
26 words
A set of ceramic orthodontic brackets as recited in claim 44 wherein the second silane coupling agent comprises organic groups having at least three carbon atoms.
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