US4769079A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Insoluble pigments and preparation thereof
Assignee: Dow Chemical Co
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Filing: 1986-06-20
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Granted: 1988-09-06
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Expires: 2006-06-20
Abstract
Abstract A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of an inorganic water-insoluble anion exchange material and a water-soluble dye is disclosed. The anion exchange material may be represented by the general formula: [M.sub.1-x.sup.a Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A -2 ) e (A -3 ) f (A -4 ) g .nH 2 O wherein M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4 or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=a 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10 provided that when y=0, a is not equal to 2.
Inventors
- 👤 Howard W. Clark
- 👤 Tracy E. Chapman
- 👤 Ronald L. Yates
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 19:22
CPC Classifications
C; C09; C09B; C09B69/00; C09B69/02; C09B67/00; C09B67/006; C09B67/0061
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 43
Claim 1
Independent Claim
141 words
A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water-insoluble inorganic anion exchange material and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sub.1-x.sup.a Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g ·nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4, or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=a 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10 provided that when y=0, a is not equal to 2.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
141 words
A water-insoluble pigment comprising a complex of a water-insoluble inorganic anion exchange material and a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sub.1-x.sup.a Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g ·nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4, or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=a 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10 provided that when y=0, a is not equal to 2.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
9 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein M is magnesium.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
9 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein M is aluminum.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
9 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein Q is aluminum.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
9 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein Q is titanium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
30 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein M is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, and magnesium, and Q is selected from the group consisting of aluminum and titanium.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 6 wherein M is magnesium and Q is aluminum.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 6 wherein M is aluminum and Q is titanium.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
75 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of halides, hydroxides, nitrates, phosphates, hydrogen carbonates, hydrogen sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -2 is one or more anions selected from the group consisting of phosphates, carbonates, sulfates, and mixtures thereof; A -3 is one or more anions consisting of phospates; and A -4 is one or more anions consisting of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, diphosphates, and mixtures thereof.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
42 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is selected from the group consisting of Cl -1 , Br -1 , F -1 , I -1 , H 2 PO 4 -1 and mixtures thereof and e, f, and g are 0.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
36 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -2 is selected from the group consisting of SO 4 -2 , CO 3 -2 , HPO 4 -2 and mixtures thereof and d, f, and g are 0.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
24 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein A -1 is Cl -1 , A -2 is SO 4 -2 and f and g are 0.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the dye is an anionic dye.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a sulfonated dye.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a FD&C dye.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
12 words
The pigment of claim 13 wherein the dye is a D&C dye.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
35 words
The pigment of claim 15 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of FD&C Blue No. 1, Blue No. 2, Green No. 3, Red No. 3, Yellow No. 6 and mixtures thereof.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
29 words
The pigment of claim 16 wherein the dye is selected from the group consisting essentially of D&C Green No. 8, Yellow No. 7, Yellow No. 10 and mixtures thereof.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 17 wherein the dye is FD&C Green No. 3.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 18 wherein the dye is D&C Green No. 8.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
8 words
A soap containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 23
Independent Claim
144 words
A method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising contacting together an inorganic water-insoluble anion exchange material with a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sub.1-x.sup.a Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g ·nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4, or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=a 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10 provided that when y=0, a is not equal to 2.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
144 words
A method of preparing a water-insoluble pigment comprising contacting together an inorganic water-insoluble anion exchange material with a water-soluble dye, said anion exchange material represented by the general formula: [M.sub.1-x.sup.a Q.sub.x.sup.a+1 O.sub.y (OH).sub.z ](A.sup.-1).sub.d (A.sup.-2).sub.e (A.sup.-3).sub.f (A.sup.-4).sub.g ·nH.sub.2 O where M is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a; Q is a metal element or elements each with a positive valence of a+1; a is 2, 3, 4, or 5; A -1 , A -2 , A -3 , and A -4 are each one or more exchangeable anions each having a negative valence of 1, 2, 3, and 4, respectively; x is 0<x≦0.5; and n, y, z, d, e, f, and g are real numbers greater than or equal to zero and satisfy the following: 2y+z=a 0<d+2e+3f+4g≦x 0≦n≦10 provided that when y=0, a is not equal to 2.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
28 words
A method comprising coprecipitating in an aqueous medium an inorganic mixed metal hydroxide, partially hydrated oxide or oxide of metal elements in the presence of a water-soluble dye.
Claim 26
Independent Claim
28 words
A method comprising coprecipitating in an aqueous medium an inorganic mixed metal hydroxide, partially hydrated oxide or oxide of metal elements in the presence of a water-soluble dye.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 23 wherein the coprecipitating is carried out by a continuous process.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 24 wherein the coprecipitating is carried out by substantially simultaneously contacting a reaction solution of the metal elements, a base and a water-soluble dye.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
30 words
The pigment of claim 25 wherein M is selected from the group consisting of aluminum, titanium, and magnesium, and Q is selected from the group consisting of aluminum and titanium.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 26 wherein the metal elements are magnesium and aluminum.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 26 wherein the metal elements are aluminum and titanium.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
9 words
A pigment produced by the method of claim 22.
Claim 33
Dependent Claim
9 words
A pigment produced by the method of claim 23.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
9 words
A thermoplastic resin containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
9 words
A thermoset resin containing the pigment of claim 1.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
8 words
A food containing the pigment of claim 8.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 1 wherein the complex also comprises a water-soluble polymer.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
14 words
The pigment of claim 34 wherein said water-soluble polymer is a modified suspending agent.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
13 words
The pigment of claim 35 wherein said modified suspending agent is a cellulose.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 22 wherein a water-soluble polymer is also contacted.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 23 wherein a water-soluble polymer is also coprecipitated.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
9 words
A pigment produced by the method of claim 37.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
9 words
A pigment produced by the method of claim 38.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1991-09-06 | 1992-03-07 | 1992-09-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1995-09-06 | 1996-03-07 | 1996-09-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1999-09-06 | 2000-03-07 | 2000-09-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |