US4568396A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Wear improvement in titanium alloys by ion implantation
Assignee: United States Department of the Navy
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Filing: 1984-10-03
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Granted: 1986-02-04
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Expires: 2004-10-03
Abstract
Abstract A method of making titanium alloy more resistant to sliding wear and fretting fatigue comprising the steps of: implanting carbon ions with at least one energy onto titanium alloy until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy, said energy level of carbon ions being implanted being greater than 10 KeV. A second method comprises an additional step of heating the implanted titanium alloy to between 300° C. and 500° C. for 0.5 hours to 2 hours. The second method has a lower number of carbon ions/cm 2 implanted onto the titanium.
Inventors
- 👤 Ronald G. Vardiman
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-22 21:07
CPC Classifications
C; C23; C23C; C23C14/00; C23C14/06; C23C14/0635; C23C14/22; C23C14/48; C23C14/58; C23C14/5806; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S148/00; Y10S148/90
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 10
Claim 1
Independent Claim
174 words
A method for producing titanium alloys more resistant to sliding wear and fretting fatique then heretofor known comprising the steps of: implanting carbon ions at a first energy level which is greater than 10 KeV onto a titanium alloy until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy; implanting carbon ions with at least a second energy level which is greater than 10 KeV having a minimum of 20 KeV difference from the first energy level onto the titanium alloy that has been implanted at the first energy level until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy in this second step; placing the titanium alloy which has been implanted with carbon ions with at least two energy levels having a 20 KeV difference into an ultra-high vacuum furnace; evacuating the vacuum furnace; and heating the implanted titanium alloy in the vacuum furnace at a temperature of between 300° C. to 500° C. for a period of time between 0.5 hours and 2 hours.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
174 words
A method for producing titanium alloys more resistant to sliding wear and fretting fatique then heretofor known comprising the steps of: implanting carbon ions at a first energy level which is greater than 10 KeV onto a titanium alloy until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy; implanting carbon ions with at least a second energy level which is greater than 10 KeV having a minimum of 20 KeV difference from the first energy level onto the titanium alloy that has been implanted at the first energy level until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy in this second step; placing the titanium alloy which has been implanted with carbon ions with at least two energy levels having a 20 KeV difference into an ultra-high vacuum furnace; evacuating the vacuum furnace; and heating the implanted titanium alloy in the vacuum furnace at a temperature of between 300° C. to 500° C. for a period of time between 0.5 hours and 2 hours.
Claim 3
Independent Claim
113 words
A method for producing titanium alloy more resistant to sliding wear and fretting fatigue than heretofor known comprising the steps of: implanting carbon ions at a first energy level which is greater than 10 KeV onto a titanium alloy until at least 5×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 are implanted onto the titanium alloy; and implanting carbon ions with at least a second energy level which is greater than 10 KeV having a minimum of 20 KeV difference from the first energy level onto the titanium alloy that has been implanted at the first energy level until at least 5×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 are implanted onto the titanium alloy in this second step.
Claim 4
Independent Claim
113 words
A method for producing titanium alloy more resistant to sliding wear and fretting fatigue than heretofor known comprising the steps of: implanting carbon ions at a first energy level which is greater than 10 KeV onto a titanium alloy until at least 5×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 are implanted onto the titanium alloy; and implanting carbon ions with at least a second energy level which is greater than 10 KeV having a minimum of 20 KeV difference from the first energy level onto the titanium alloy that has been implanted at the first energy level until at least 5×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 are implanted onto the titanium alloy in this second step.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
59 words
A method as described in claim 1 wherein: during the implanting step at a first energy level the energy level of the carbon ions being implanted is between 50 and 100 KeV; and during the implanting step with at least a second energy level, the energy level of the carbon ions being implanted is between 150 and 200 KeV.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
58 words
A method as described in claim 2 wherein: during the implanting step at a first energy level the energy level of the carbon ions being implanted is between and 100 KeV; and during the implanting step with at least a second energy level, the energy level of the carbon ions being implanted is between 150 and 200 KeV.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
83 words
A method as describe in claim 1 wherein: during the implanting step at a first energy level carbon ions are implanted onto the titanium alloy until between 1.0×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 and 4×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 are implanted onto the titanium alloy; and during the implanting step with at least a second energy level, carbon ions are implanted onto the titanium alloy until between 1.0×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 and 4×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 are implanted onto the titanium alloy.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
83 words
A method as described in claim 3 wherein: during the implanting step at a first energy level carbon ions are implanted onto the titanium alloy until between 1.0×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 and 4×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 are implanted onto the titanium alloy; and during the implanting step with at least a second energy level, carbon ions are implanted onto the titanium alloy until between 1.0×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 and 4×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 are implanted onto the titanium alloy.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
163 words
A method for producing titanium alloy more resistant to sliding wear and fretting fatigue then heretofor known comprising the steps of: implanting carbon ions at a first energy level which is between 50 and 100 KeV onto a titanium alloy until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy; implanting carbon ions with at least a second energy level which is between 150 and 200 KeV onto the titanium alloy that has been implanted at the first energy level until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy in this step; placing the titanium alloy which has been implanted with carbon ions with at least two energy levels having a 50 KeV difference into a ultra-high vacuum furnace; evacuating the vacuum furnace; and heating the implanted titanium alloy in the vacuum furnace at a temperature of between 300° C. to 500° C. for a period of time between 0.5 hours and 2 hours.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
163 words
A method for producing titanium alloy more resistant to sliding wear and fretting fatigue then heretofor known comprising the steps of: implanting carbon ions at a first energy level which is between 50 and 100 KeV onto a titanium alloy until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy; implanting carbon ions with at least a second energy level which is between 150 and 200 KeV onto the titanium alloy that has been implanted at the first energy level until at least 1×10 17 carbon ions/cm 2 have fallen onto the titanium alloy in this step; placing the titanium alloy which has been implanted with carbon ions with at least two energy levels having a 50 KeV difference into a ultra-high vacuum furnace; evacuating the vacuum furnace; and heating the implanted titanium alloy in the vacuum furnace at a temperature of between 300° C. to 500° C. for a period of time between 0.5 hours and 2 hours.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1989-02-03 | 1989-08-05 | 1990-02-04 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1993-02-03 | 1993-08-05 | 1994-02-04 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1997-02-03 | 1997-08-05 | 1998-02-04 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |