US4516580A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Continuous blood gas monitoring
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 1981-12-28
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Granted: 1985-05-14
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Expires: 2001-12-28
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for measuring of concentrations of components of a fluid mixture. One side of a membrane permeable to the component to be determined is contacted with a sample of the fluid mixture to be analyzed. The second side of the membrane is contacted with a test fluid passing the membrane at different speeds. The resultant properties of the test fluid are determined for the different speeds of flow past the membrane and the measured values allow to determine the concentration or partial pressure of the component in the fluid mixture. The fluid mixture is preferably blood and the components can be oxygen and carbon dioxide. Preferably the membrane provides a spiral path for the test fluid in order to allow employing a more rapid flow of the test fluid past the membrane. Furthermore, such a configuration can be combined with a catheter for hemodynamic blood pressure measurement thereby providing a single probe for continuous monitoring of blood in clinical practice.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael L. Polanyi
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 04:03
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/145; A61B5/14542; A61B5/1468; A61B5/1473; A61B5/1495; G; G01; G01N; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28; G01N27/40; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/483; G01N33/487; G01N33/49; G01N33/4925
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
187 words
A method for measuring the concentration of components of a fluid mixture comprising contacting one side of a membrane permeable to the component to be determined with a sample of the fluid mixture to be analyzed; contacting the second side of the membrane with a test fluid for the component to be determined with the test fluid contacting the membrane according to a first setting of a relevant parameter; contacting successively the second side of the membrane with the test fluid for the component to be determined with the test fluid contacting the membrane according to a second setting of a relevant parameter; analyzing the resultant properties of the test fluid having contacted the membrane according to the first setting of a relevant parameter; analyzing the resultant properties of the test fluid having contacted the membrane according to the second setting of a relevant parameter, for establishing the concentration of the component to be determined from the resulting analytical values of the test fluid obtained from both analyzing the resultant properties of the test fluid having contacted the membrane according to both settings of a relevant parameter.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
187 words
A method for measuring the concentration of components of a fluid mixture comprising contacting one side of a membrane permeable to the component to be determined with a sample of the fluid mixture to be analyzed; contacting the second side of the membrane with a test fluid for the component to be determined with the test fluid contacting the membrane according to a first setting of a relevant parameter; contacting successively the second side of the membrane with the test fluid for the component to be determined with the test fluid contacting the membrane according to a second setting of a relevant parameter; analyzing the resultant properties of the test fluid having contacted the membrane according to the first setting of a relevant parameter; analyzing the resultant properties of the test fluid having contacted the membrane according to the second setting of a relevant parameter, for establishing the concentration of the component to be determined from the resulting analytical values of the test fluid obtained from both analyzing the resultant properties of the test fluid having contacted the membrane according to both settings of a relevant parameter.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the fluid mixture is blood.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the fluids are liquids.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the component to be determined of the fluid mixture forms a gas at room temperature.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the component to be determined is a member of the group consisting of oxygen, carbon dioxide and mixtures thereof.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
55 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the test fluid contacting the membrane according to a first setting of a relevant parameter is passing the membrane at a first speed and wherein the test fluid contacting the membrane according to a second setting of a relevant parameter is passing the membrane at a second speed.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
59 words
The method according to claim 6 further comprising analyzing the test fluid after having passed the membrane at a first speed for the concentration of the component to be determined; analyzing the test fluid after having passed the membrane at a second speed for the concentration of the component to be determined; and processing the resulting analytical data automatically.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
137 words
The method according to claim 6 wherein the concentration of the component is obtained substantially by applying the formula ##EQU8## where Q 1 is the speed of the test fluid passing the membrane at a first speed: Q 2 is the speed of the test fluid passing the membrane at a second speed; P b is the partial pressure of the component to be determined in the fluid mixture; P o is the partial pressure of the component to be determined in the incoming test fluid; P 1 is the partial pressure of the component to be determined in the test fluid after having passed the membrane at a first speed; and P 2 is the partial pressure of the component to be determined in the test fluid after having passed the membrane at a second speed.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method according to claim 6 wherein the partial pressure P o of the component to be determined in the incoming test fluid is substantially equal to zero.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
25 words
The method according to claim 6 further comprising passing the test fluid through a substantially helical membrane coil having on its outside the fluid mixture.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
75 words
The method according to claim 1 wherein the test fluid contacting the membrane according to a first setting of a relevant parameter is left in contact with the membrane for the duration of a first time interval T 1 ; and where the test fluid contacting the membrane according to a second setting of a relevant parameter is left in contact with the membrane for the duration of a second time interval T 2 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
165 words
The method according to claim 11 further comprising analyzing the test fluid having contacted the membrane for a first time interval T 1 for the component to be determined; analyzing the test fluid having contacted the membrane for a second time interval T 2 for the component to be determined; and processing the resulting analytical data to obtain the partial pressure P b of the component in the fluid mixture substantially according to the formula ##EQU9## where P o is the partial pressure in the incoming test fluid of the component to be determined; P 1 is the partial pressure of the component to be determined in the test fluid after having been in contact with the membrane for the duration of a first time interval T 1 ; and P 2 is the partial pressure of the component to be determined in the test fluid after having been in contact with the membrane for the duration of a second time interval T 2 .
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1988-05-13 | 1988-11-12 | 1989-05-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1992-05-13 | 1992-11-12 | 1993-05-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1996-05-13 | 1996-11-12 | 1997-05-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |