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US4440175A
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Membrane electrode for non-ionic species
Assignee: University Patents Inc
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Filing: 1981-08-10
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Granted: 1984-04-03
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Expires: 2001-08-10
Abstract
Abstract Concentrations of non-ionic species in aqueous media are measured as a function of potentiometric or polarographic response, employing a membrane electrode selective for the non-ionic species being measured. The electrode comprises a conductive substrate and a membrane formed as a layer on the conductive substrate and adapted for interfacing with the aqueous medium. The membrane is composed of a polymeric matrix having dispersed or dissolved therein an anion exchange material and a water-insoluble salt of the non-ionic species being measured. The electrode is particularly suitable for use as an implantable glucose sensor for continuous in vivo monitoring of glucose concentration in the blood or interstitial fluid.
Inventors
- 👤 Ebtisam Wilkins
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 07:34
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/66; G01N27/00; G01N27/26; G01N27/28; G01N27/30; G01N27/327; G01N27/3271
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 15
Claim 1
Independent Claim
74 words
A membrane electrode for use in measuring the concentration of a non-ionic species in an aqueous medium as a function of potentiometric or polarographic response comprising a conductive substrate component and a membrane component layered or coated on said substrate component, said membrane being compatible and non-reactive with the aqueous medium and comprising (a) a polymeric material; (b) an anion exchange material; and (c) a water-insoluble salt of said non-ionic species to be measured.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
74 words
A membrane electrode for use in measuring the concentration of a non-ionic species in an aqueous medium as a function of potentiometric or polarographic response comprising a conductive substrate component and a membrane component layered or coated on said substrate component, said membrane being compatible and non-reactive with the aqueous medium and comprising (a) a polymeric material; (b) an anion exchange material; and (c) a water-insoluble salt of said non-ionic species to be measured.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
12 words
The membrane electrode of claim 1, wherein said non-ionic species is glucose.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
16 words
The membrane electrode of claim 1, wherein said anion exchange material is a quaternary ammonium salt.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
16 words
The membrane electrode of claim 1, wherein said water-insoluble salt is an alkaline earth metal salt.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The membrane electrode of claim 4, wherein said alkaline earth metal is barium.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
21 words
The membrane electrode of claim 5, wherein said non-ionic species is glucose, and said anionexchange material is a quaternary ammonium salt.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The membrane electrode of claim 1, wherein said conductive substrate is a noble metal.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
18 words
The membrane electrode of claim 7, wherein said conductive substrate is in the form of a conductive wire.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
49 words
The membrane electrode of claim 1 wherein the anion exchange material is present in amounts of from about 1 to about 25 percent of said membrane component, and wherein the molecular ratio of the anion exchange material to the water insoluble salt is from about 1:1 to about 3:1.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
98 words
In a process for the measurement of glucose concentration in an aqueous medium as a function of potentiometric or polarographic response which represents a direct measurement of said glucose measurement which comprises the insertion of an electrode into the aqueous medium containing an amount of dissolved glucose, the improvement which comprises utilizing an electrode comprising a conductive substrate component and a membrane component layered or coated on said substrate component, said membrane being compatible and non-reactive with the aqueous medium and comprising (a) a polymeric material, (b) an anion exchange material, and (c) a water-insoluble salt of glucose.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
98 words
In a process for the measurement of glucose concentration in an aqueous medium as a function of potentiometric or polarographic response which represents a direct measurement of said glucose measurement which comprises the insertion of an electrode into the aqueous medium containing an amount of dissolved glucose, the improvement which comprises utilizing an electrode comprising a conductive substrate component and a membrane component layered or coated on said substrate component, said membrane being compatible and non-reactive with the aqueous medium and comprising (a) a polymeric material, (b) an anion exchange material, and (c) a water-insoluble salt of glucose.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The process of claim 10, wherein said aqueous medium is a body fluid.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
11 words
The process of claim 11, wherein said body fluid is blood.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process of claim 11, wherein said membrane electrode is implanted within the body for continuous in vivo monitoring of glucose concentration in the blood or interstitial fluid.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-04-03 | 1987-10-03 | 1988-04-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-04-03 | 1991-10-03 | 1992-04-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-04-03 | 1995-10-03 | 1996-04-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |