US4425384A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Polymer-reinforcing compositions and their preparation
Assignee: Shell USA Inc
•
Filing: 1981-04-27
•
Granted: 1984-01-10
•
Expires: 2001-04-27
Abstract
Abstract A polymer reinforcing material, consisting of a particulate or filamentary mineral component having a thin polymer-interactive layer, averaging about 5-500 Angstrom in thickness, of silicon-free and heavy metal-free organic molecules chemically bonded to its surface by covalent bonding, when used in relatively small amounts in the range from 1 to 20 phr is capable of providing superior retention or increase of desirable polymer properties especially impact resistance, compared to the use of conventional reinforcement in the same polymer, while providing increased stiffness and retention of strength at elevated temperatures. The reinforcing material is prepared by contacting a particulate or filamentary mineral component which has reactive sites at its surface with certain organic compounds at reaction conditions at which a covalent chemical bond is established between the mineral surface and the organic compound by reaction of a reactive surface site of the mineral with a site-reactive atom or group of the organic compound.
Inventors
- 👤 Thomas F. Brownscombe
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 19:38
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08K; C08K9/00; C08K9/08; Y; Y10; Y10T; Y10T428/00; Y10T428/26; Y10T428/261; Y10T428/263; Y10T428/264; Y10T428/265; Y10T428/31504; Y10T428/31855; Y10T428/31909; Y10T428/31913; Y10T428/31917
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 11
Claim 1
Independent Claim
93 words
Method for producing a particulate or filamentary polymer reinforcing mineral composition having a thin layer, averaging about 5-500 Angstrom in thickness, of thermoplastic polymer chemically bonded to its surface by covalent bonding, which comprises: (a) reacting a silicon-free and heavy metal-free thermoplastic hydrocarbon polymer containing olefinic double bonds with a strong acid, thereby forming protonated double bonds; (b) contacting said polymer containing protonated double bonds with a particulate or filamentary mineral material which has reactive oxygen atoms at its surface, whereby a covalent bond is established between the mineral surface and the polymer.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
93 words
Method for producing a particulate or filamentary polymer reinforcing mineral composition having a thin layer, averaging about 5-500 Angstrom in thickness, of thermoplastic polymer chemically bonded to its surface by covalent bonding, which comprises: (a) reacting a silicon-free and heavy metal-free thermoplastic hydrocarbon polymer containing olefinic double bonds with a strong acid, thereby forming protonated double bonds; (b) contacting said polymer containing protonated double bonds with a particulate or filamentary mineral material which has reactive oxygen atoms at its surface, whereby a covalent bond is established between the mineral surface and the polymer.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
20 words
Method according to claim 1 wherein the polymer is a styrene-butadiene block copolymer, a polybutadiene rubber, or an EPDM rubber.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
85 words
Method for producing a particulate or filamentary polymer reinforcing mineral composition having a thin layer, averaging about 5-500 Angstrom in thickness, of thermoplastic polymer chemically bonded to its surface by covalent bonding, which comprises: (a) dissolving in an organic solvent a thermoplastic hydrocarbon polymer containing groups labile to nucleophilic attack; (b) contacting said solution with a particulate or filamentary mineral which has reactive oxygen atoms at its surface and heating the mixture, whereby a covalent bond is established between the mineral surface and the polymer.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
85 words
Method for producing a particulate or filamentary polymer reinforcing mineral composition having a thin layer, averaging about 5-500 Angstrom in thickness, of thermoplastic polymer chemically bonded to its surface by covalent bonding, which comprises: (a) dissolving in an organic solvent a thermoplastic hydrocarbon polymer containing groups labile to nucleophilic attack; (b) contacting said solution with a particulate or filamentary mineral which has reactive oxygen atoms at its surface and heating the mixture, whereby a covalent bond is established between the mineral surface and the polymer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method according to claim 3 wherein the polymer contains hydroxy, ester, halide or nitrile groups.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
Method according to claim 3 wherein the mixture of polymer solution and mineral is heated to a temperature of 40°-150° C. for a time of at least 30 minutes.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
95 words
Method for producing a particulate or filamentary polymer reinforcing mineral composition having a thin layer, averaging about 5-500 Angstrom in thickness, of thermoplastic polymer chemically bonded to its surface by covalent bonding which comprises: (a) reacting a particulate or filamentary mineral with a compound which generates on the mineral surface reactive sites capable of nucleophilic displacement; (b) contacting said activated mineral with a thermoplastic hydrocarbon polymer containing a substituent atom or group capable of attacking the displaceable moiety on the mineral surface, whereby a covalent bond is established between the mineral surface and the polymer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
95 words
Method for producing a particulate or filamentary polymer reinforcing mineral composition having a thin layer, averaging about 5-500 Angstrom in thickness, of thermoplastic polymer chemically bonded to its surface by covalent bonding which comprises: (a) reacting a particulate or filamentary mineral with a compound which generates on the mineral surface reactive sites capable of nucleophilic displacement; (b) contacting said activated mineral with a thermoplastic hydrocarbon polymer containing a substituent atom or group capable of attacking the displaceable moiety on the mineral surface, whereby a covalent bond is established between the mineral surface and the polymer.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
15 words
Method according to claim 6 wherein the mineral surface is reacted with a halogenating agent.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
13 words
Method according to claim 6 wherein the polymer is a lithium-terminated living polymer.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3897586A
Cited
US3839062A
Cited
US3935339A
Cited
US3893969A
Cited
US3992558A
Cited
US4017452A
Cited
US4091164A
Cited
US4251432A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1987-01-09 | 1987-07-11 | 1988-01-10 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1991-01-09 | 1991-07-11 | 1992-01-10 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1995-01-09 | 1995-07-11 | 1996-01-10 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |