US4392865A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Hydrocarbon-water fuels, emulsions, slurries and other particulate mixtures
Assignee: PETROLEUM FERMENTATIONS NV C/O NV ANTILLIAANSE BEHERRSMAATSCHAPIJ "AMACO" A CORP OF NETHERLANDS ANTILLES
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Filing: 1980-01-16
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Granted: 1983-07-12
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Expires: 2000-01-16
Abstract
Abstract The first aspect of the invention involves stable emulsions of hydrocarbons and water using a combination of a low molecular weight agent and a high molecular weight material. In another aspect of the invention slurries are formed for fuel purposes utilizing coal particles with hydrocarbons and water and the aforesaid agent and material to achieve a stable combination or non-combustible materials with water alone or in conjunction with other liquids using the aforesaid agent and material. The present invention also is useful as transportation agents in pipelines, to lower pumping costs.
Inventors
- 👤 Aristid V. Grosse
- 👤 Norman H. Cherry
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 14:49
CPC Classifications
C; C10; C10L; C10L1/00; C10L1/32; C10L1/326; C10L1/10; C10L1/106; C10L1/328; C10L1/12; C10L1/1233; C10L1/125; C10L1/14; C10L1/18; C10L1/192; C10L1/195; C10L1/196; C10L1/1966; C10L1/198; C10L1/1985; C10L1/22; C10L1/234; C10L1/236; C10L1/2362; C10L1/2364; C10L1/24; C10L1/2431; C10L1/2437; F; F02; F02B; F02B2275/00; F02B2275/14
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 31
Claim 1
Independent Claim
60 words
In a mixture of water and a substance selected from the group consisting of oil and gasoline, the improvement comprising maintaining the stability of such mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases, through the addition thereto of a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent and a high molecular weight swellable material, having a molecular weight of at least 500,000.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
60 words
In a mixture of water and a substance selected from the group consisting of oil and gasoline, the improvement comprising maintaining the stability of such mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases, through the addition thereto of a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent and a high molecular weight swellable material, having a molecular weight of at least 500,000.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the substance is heating oil.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture of claim 1 with the further addition of coal.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture of claim 1 with the further addition of lignite.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the substance is crude oil.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture of claim 1 used as a pour point depressant.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the agent is sodium salt of dioctylsulfosuccinnic acid.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
14 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the agent is sodium salt of decylbenzenesulfonic acid.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
18 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the agent is calcium dodecyl benzene sulfonate and alkyl phenoxy polyoxyethylene ethanol.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the agent is octylphenoxypolyethoxy ethanol.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
13 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the agent is alkylamine dodecyl benzene sulfonate.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
18 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the high molecular weight material is swellable poly (acrylamide/sodium acrylate) partially crosslinked.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
18 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein the high molecular weight material is swellable hydrolyzed starch polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The mixture of claim 1 including at least a second material having a molecular weight of a least 500,000.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
43 words
The mixture of claim 14 wherein the agent is sodium salt of dioctylsulfosuccinnic acid and the high molecular weight material is a mixture of swellable poly (acrylamide/sodium acrylate) partially crosslinked and water soluble high molecular weight polyacrylic acid in the completely neutralized form.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture of claim 15 with the further addition of coal.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
43 words
The mixture of claim 14 wherein the agent is sodium salt of dioctylsulfosuccinnic acid and the high molecular weight material is a mixture of swellable hydrolyzed starch polyacrylonitrile graft copolymer and water soluble high molecular weight polyacrylic acid in the completely neutralized from.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
25 words
The mixture of claim 14 wherein the agent is sodium salt of dioctylsulfosuccinnic acid and the second high molecular weight material is partially hydolized polyacrylamides.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
50 words
In a mixture of coal and water, the improvement comprising maintaining the stability of such mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases through the addition thereto of a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent and a high molecular weight swellable material, having a molecular weight of at least 500,000.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
50 words
In a mixture of coal and water, the improvement comprising maintaining the stability of such mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases through the addition thereto of a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent and a high molecular weight swellable material, having a molecular weight of at least 500,000.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
50 words
In a mixture of coal and oil, the improvement comprising maintaining the stability of such mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases through the addition thereto of a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent and a high molecular weight swellable material, having a molecular weight of at least 500,000.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
50 words
In a mixture of coal and oil, the improvement comprising maintaining the stability of such mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases through the addition thereto of a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent and a high molecular weight swellable material, having a molecular weight of at least 500,000.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
45 words
A stabilizer to maintain stability of a mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases, having at least one ingredient, said stabilizer comprising a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent and a high molecular weight swellable material, having a molecular weight of at least 500,000.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
45 words
A stabilizer to maintain stability of a mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases, having at least one ingredient, said stabilizer comprising a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent and a high molecular weight swellable material, having a molecular weight of at least 500,000.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
73 words
In a mixture of water, and a substance selected from the group consisting of oil and gasoline the improvement comprising maintaining the stability of such mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases through the addition thereto of a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent having a molecular weight of from 225 to 10,000 and a high molecular weight swellable material, and wherein the molecular weight of said material is at least 500,000.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
73 words
In a mixture of water, and a substance selected from the group consisting of oil and gasoline the improvement comprising maintaining the stability of such mixture with reference to separation into continuous phases through the addition thereto of a relatively low molecular weight hydrophilic-lipophilic agent having a molecular weight of from 225 to 10,000 and a high molecular weight swellable material, and wherein the molecular weight of said material is at least 500,000.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process of claim 1 wherein said high molecular weight material is irradiated polymerized sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
14 words
The mixture of claim 1 wherein very small amounts of said material are used.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
11 words
The mixture of claim 1 including at least a second agent.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
21 words
The mixture of claim 18 with a further addition of a substance selected from the group consisting of oil and gasoline.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1986-07-11 | 1987-01-10 | 1987-07-12 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1990-07-11 | 1991-01-10 | 1991-07-12 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1994-07-11 | 1995-01-10 | 1995-07-12 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |