Patent US2871465A successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US4254081A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Blood oxygenator
Assignee: Research Partners Ltd
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Filing: 1979-09-21
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Granted: 1981-03-03
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Expires: 1999-09-21
Abstract
Abstract An oxygenator for blood employs a unique and inexpensive, tubular, finned heat exchanger, one type utilizing a spirally wound plate attached to the tube, and another type comprising longitudinal fins. The oxygenator provides a fairly uniform oxygen saturation which permits better control over the oxygen content in a patient's blood. Also, elevated inlet oxygen pressures can be reduced, and this lessens the possibility of embolii due to cavitation effects when CO 2 is released by the blood following oxygenation. A preferred form of a sparger for inlet oxygen to the blood is made of a porous, hydrophobic plastic material such as high density polyethylene.
Inventors
- 👤 Michael V. Streczyn
- 👤 Ronald B. Luther
- 👤 Daniel L. Doyle
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 11:20
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61M; A61M1/00; A61M1/14; A61M1/32; A61M1/322; A61M1/36; A61M1/3621; A61M1/3623
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 21
Claim 1
Independent Claim
198 words
A blood oxygenator, comprising: (a) i. a heat exchanger including an upright, longitudinal tubular body member formed from an integral aluminum extrusion; ii. a passageway within the tubular member for movement of a heat exchange fluid; iii. a plurality of parallel-like, generally radially directed, heat exchange fins formed longitudinally of the tubular member and along its exterior; iv. a plurality of channels, each defined between adjoining heat exchange fins and the tubular body, the channels being adapted for an unimpeded, upward flow of blood and oxygen in heat exchange relationship with the fluid, whereby the blood becomes oxygenated, the fins stabilizing the blood flow, thereby reducing hemolysis and improving oxygenation; (b) a reservoir surrounding the fins, the reservoir being adapted to contain the blood surrounding the heat exchanger; (c) a venous blood inlet to the reservoir for supplying to the reservoir, CO 2 rich blood for O 2 exchange; (d) an inlet sparger to the reservoir for supplying oxygen to the blood; (e) a defoamer means for defoaming and collecting oxygenated and degassed blood from the reservoir; (f) vent means for releasing CO 2 and miscellaneous gases from the defoamer; and (g) an outlet for the oxygenated blood.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
198 words
A blood oxygenator, comprising: (a) i. a heat exchanger including an upright, longitudinal tubular body member formed from an integral aluminum extrusion; ii. a passageway within the tubular member for movement of a heat exchange fluid; iii. a plurality of parallel-like, generally radially directed, heat exchange fins formed longitudinally of the tubular member and along its exterior; iv. a plurality of channels, each defined between adjoining heat exchange fins and the tubular body, the channels being adapted for an unimpeded, upward flow of blood and oxygen in heat exchange relationship with the fluid, whereby the blood becomes oxygenated, the fins stabilizing the blood flow, thereby reducing hemolysis and improving oxygenation; (b) a reservoir surrounding the fins, the reservoir being adapted to contain the blood surrounding the heat exchanger; (c) a venous blood inlet to the reservoir for supplying to the reservoir, CO 2 rich blood for O 2 exchange; (d) an inlet sparger to the reservoir for supplying oxygen to the blood; (e) a defoamer means for defoaming and collecting oxygenated and degassed blood from the reservoir; (f) vent means for releasing CO 2 and miscellaneous gases from the defoamer; and (g) an outlet for the oxygenated blood.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
61 words
The oxygenator of claim 1 wherein said tubular member is a U-shaped tube, the heat exchanger being ellipsoid in horizontal cross section, the ellipse defining a major axis of about 21/4 inches and a minor axis of about 15/8 inches; the heat exchanger length being about 13 inches; the heat exchanger employing about 22 longitudinal fins about 1/2 inch in depth.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
The oxygenator of claim 1 in which the venous blood inlet and the sparger are positioned within a common inlet tube.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
The oxygenator of claim 1 in which the sparger is mounted at the inlet of the tubular heat exchanger.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
24 words
The oxygenator of claim 1 in which the sparger is made of a material selected from the class consisting of: polyethylene, polypropylene and polytetrafluoroethylene.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The oxygenator of claim 1 in which the sparger pore sizes vary from about at least 150-250 microns.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The oxygenator of claim 1 in which oxygenation means are provided upstream and downstream of the heat exchanger.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
25 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 1, in which the sparger tube comprises a porous hydrophobic material with a minimum pore size of about 150 microns.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
23 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 1, in which the sparger is selected from the class consisting of sintered glass beads and porous ceramics.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
16 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 1, in which the heat exchange reservoir comprises a clear plastic.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
24 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 1, in which the surface area of the heat exchanger is in excess of about 366 in. 2 .
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 1, in which the surface area per lineal inch of heat exchanger is at least 28:1.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
25 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 1, in which the heat exchanger is elliptically shaped in transverse cross section when viewed longitudinally along the heat exchanger.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
27 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 1, comprising spacing means disposed on the reservoir, to produce a clearance between the heat exchanger and reservoir, thereby overcoming stagnation effects.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
25 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 1, comprising a fluted passageway within the tubular member of the heat exchanger for movement of a heat exchange fluid.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
223 words
A blood oxygenator, comprising: (a) i. a heat exchanger including an upright, longitudinal tubular body member formed from an integral aluminum extrusion; ii. a passageway within the tubular member for movement of a heat exchange fluid; iii. a plurality of parallel-like, generally radially directed, heat exchange fins formed longitudinally of the tubular member and along its exterior; iv. a plurality of channels, each defined between adjoining heat exchange fins and the tubular body, the channels being adapted for an unimpeded, upward flow of blood and oxygen in heat exchange relationship with the fluid, whereby the blood becomes oxygenated, the fins stabilizing the blood flow, thereby reducing hemolysis and improving oxygenation; (b) a reservoir surrounding the fins, the reservoir being adapted to contain the blood surrounding the heat exchanger; (c) a venous blood inlet to the reservoir for supplying to the reservoir, CO 2 rich blood for O 2 exchange; (d) an inlet sparger to the reservoir for supplying oxygen to the blood; (e) a defoamer means for defoaming and collecting oxygenated and degassed blood from the reservoir, the defoamer means being positioned above an arterial reservoir containing a filler element to displace blood into contact with the defoamer, thereby reducing emboli formation; (f) vent means for releasing CO 2 and miscellaneous gases from the defoamer; and, (g) an outlet for the oxygenated blood.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
223 words
A blood oxygenator, comprising: (a) i. a heat exchanger including an upright, longitudinal tubular body member formed from an integral aluminum extrusion; ii. a passageway within the tubular member for movement of a heat exchange fluid; iii. a plurality of parallel-like, generally radially directed, heat exchange fins formed longitudinally of the tubular member and along its exterior; iv. a plurality of channels, each defined between adjoining heat exchange fins and the tubular body, the channels being adapted for an unimpeded, upward flow of blood and oxygen in heat exchange relationship with the fluid, whereby the blood becomes oxygenated, the fins stabilizing the blood flow, thereby reducing hemolysis and improving oxygenation; (b) a reservoir surrounding the fins, the reservoir being adapted to contain the blood surrounding the heat exchanger; (c) a venous blood inlet to the reservoir for supplying to the reservoir, CO 2 rich blood for O 2 exchange; (d) an inlet sparger to the reservoir for supplying oxygen to the blood; (e) a defoamer means for defoaming and collecting oxygenated and degassed blood from the reservoir, the defoamer means being positioned above an arterial reservoir containing a filler element to displace blood into contact with the defoamer, thereby reducing emboli formation; (f) vent means for releasing CO 2 and miscellaneous gases from the defoamer; and, (g) an outlet for the oxygenated blood.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
13 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 16, in which the arterial reservoir is transparent.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
25 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 16 in which the heat exchanger is elliptically shaped in transverse cross section when viewed longitudinally along the heat exchanger.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
22 words
The blood oxygenator of claim 18, in which the heat exchanger includes a U-shaped tube for passage of a heat exchange fluid.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1984-03-02 | 1984-09-01 | 1985-03-03 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1988-03-02 | 1988-09-01 | 1989-03-03 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1992-03-02 | 1992-09-01 | 1993-03-03 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |