US4181952A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and means for minimizing error between the manual digitizing of points and the actual location of said points on an _electronic data entry surface
Assignee: International Business Machines Corp
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Filing: 1977-11-21
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Granted: 1980-01-01
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Expires: 1997-11-21
Abstract
Abstract There is disclosed a method and means for increasing the positional accuracy of operator controlled cursors engaged in the digitized encoding of graphic information such as line drawings. The method steps comprise those of digitizing the instantaneous contact position between the cursor and the data entry surface as reference coordinates; detecting any segment of a colored object upon the surface within a predetermined area about the cursor; ascertaining the location within the area of the centroid or the like of the detected segment; and digitizing said ascertained location as a displacement from the reference coordinates. Apparatus for practicing the method comprises an independently actuable cursor formed from a position encoder and an image scanner, the scanner generating a Boolean coded array of points counterpart to a preselected surface area. The scanned array is first buffered and then used to actuate an operator viewable LED display of the scanned array on one hand and said array is sent to a CPU on the other hand. In turn, the CPU calculates the coordinates of the centroid of that array area of contiguous points having the same designated Boolean (color) 0 or 1 value. Signals representing the calculated coordinates generated by the CPU then cause the LED display to differentially indicate the calculated centroid location to the operator such as by way of a flashing display element.
Inventors
- 👤 Richard G. Casey
- 👤 Glen G. Langdon, Jr.
- 👤 Patrick E. Mantey
- 👤 Robin Williams
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 17:31
CPC Classifications
G; G06; G06F; G06F3/00; G06F3/01; G06F3/03; G06F3/041
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 13
Claim 1
Independent Claim
185 words
A machine implementable method to improve the positional accuracy and speed of an operator controlled cursor engaged in the digitized encoding of graphic information on an electronic data entry surface, said cursor being formed from a position encoder, means for registering the coordinates of the contact position of the encoder on the surface, a scanner for generating a coded array of data points of a corresponding part of the surface area, and display means for projecting the scanner view of the surface, the method comprising the steps of: digitizing the instantaneous contact position between the cursor and the electronic data entry surface as reference coordinates; detecting any segment of a colored object, which segment consists of at least one point of a set of contiguous points of the same color value upon the surface within a predetermined area (N×N pel array) about the cursor; ascertaining the centroid location of any detected segment within a M×N array of color value points representative of the predetermined surface area, and causing the display means to differentially indicate the location of the ascertained centroid relative to the detected segment.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
185 words
A machine implementable method to improve the positional accuracy and speed of an operator controlled cursor engaged in the digitized encoding of graphic information on an electronic data entry surface, said cursor being formed from a position encoder, means for registering the coordinates of the contact position of the encoder on the surface, a scanner for generating a coded array of data points of a corresponding part of the surface area, and display means for projecting the scanner view of the surface, the method comprising the steps of: digitizing the instantaneous contact position between the cursor and the electronic data entry surface as reference coordinates; detecting any segment of a colored object, which segment consists of at least one point of a set of contiguous points of the same color value upon the surface within a predetermined area (N×N pel array) about the cursor; ascertaining the centroid location of any detected segment within a M×N array of color value points representative of the predetermined surface area, and causing the display means to differentially indicate the location of the ascertained centroid relative to the detected segment.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
75 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the steps of detecting any segment of a colored object includes the steps of: ascertaining the length of one or more strings of points of the same color value within each one of the N consecutive raster scan lines; establishing the size of the largest colored object by combining strings having common points in successive scan lines; and selecting the largest colored object by identifying the longest string.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
49 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the step of ascertaining the location within the array of the centroid of the detected segment includes the steps of: ascertaining whether the detected segment constitutes a line passing through the array or whether it represents a line ending within the array.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
48 words
A method according to claim 1, wherein the step of digitizing said ascertained location includes the step of: selecting the array coordinates of the line center if the line passes through the array, or selecting the coordinates of the line end if the line terminates in the array.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
172 words
In an apparatus for improving the positional accuracy of an operator controlled cursor engaged in the digitized encoding of graphic information on an electronic data entry surface, said cursor being formed from a position encoder; means for registering the coordinates of the initial contact position of the encoder of the surfaces; and an image scanner, the image scanner generating a coded array of data points of a corresponding part of the surface area inclusive of a locus of points defining a geometrical feature; the apparatus further comprising in combination: a display; a calculating element; means including the position encoder registration means coupling the scanner for actuating the display with the scanned and for transmitting said array data to the calculating element; the calculating element being responsive to said data for computing the coordinates of the geometrical feature embedded in said data point array of contiguous points having the same preselected coded value; and means including the calculating element for causing the display means to differentially indicate the location of the geometrical feature.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
172 words
In an apparatus for improving the positional accuracy of an operator controlled cursor engaged in the digitized encoding of graphic information on an electronic data entry surface, said cursor being formed from a position encoder; means for registering the coordinates of the initial contact position of the encoder of the surfaces; and an image scanner, the image scanner generating a coded array of data points of a corresponding part of the surface area inclusive of a locus of points defining a geometrical feature; the apparatus further comprising in combination: a display; a calculating element; means including the position encoder registration means coupling the scanner for actuating the display with the scanned and for transmitting said array data to the calculating element; the calculating element being responsive to said data for computing the coordinates of the geometrical feature embedded in said data point array of contiguous points having the same preselected coded value; and means including the calculating element for causing the display means to differentially indicate the location of the geometrical feature.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
56 words
An apparatus according to claim 5 wherein the display means comprises an M×N array of light emitting diodes, a M and N being positive integer values; said means for causing the display means to differentially indicate the location of the geometrical feature include means for causing the selected one of the light emitting diodes to flash.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
152 words
A machine implementable method for minimizing the error between the location of the point contact position of an operator controlled cursor placed on an electronic data entry surface and one point of a locus of points being tracked on said surface, the cursor includes a position encoder, means for registering the coordinates of the contact position of the encoder on the surface, a scanner for generating a coded array of data points of a corresponding part of the surface area, and display means for projecting the scanner view of the surface, the method comprising the steps of: registering the location of the contact position as reference coordinates; detecting the nearest point of the locus within a predetermined field of view; calculating the centroid of the detected locus of points; and causing the location of the calculated centroid as a displacement from the reference coordinates to be differentially indicated on the display means.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
152 words
A machine implementable method for minimizing the error between the location of the point contact position of an operator controlled cursor placed on an electronic data entry surface and one point of a locus of points being tracked on said surface, the cursor includes a position encoder, means for registering the coordinates of the contact position of the encoder on the surface, a scanner for generating a coded array of data points of a corresponding part of the surface area, and display means for projecting the scanner view of the surface, the method comprising the steps of: registering the location of the contact position as reference coordinates; detecting the nearest point of the locus within a predetermined field of view; calculating the centroid of the detected locus of points; and causing the location of the calculated centroid as a displacement from the reference coordinates to be differentially indicated on the display means.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
200 words
In an apparatus for improving the positional accuracy and speed of an operator controlled cursor engaged in the digitized encoding of graphic information of an electronic data entry surface, said cursor being formed from a position encoder; means for registering the coordinates of the initial contact position of the encoder on the surface; and an image scanner, the image scanner generating a M×N Boolean coded array of data points of a corresponding part of the surface area inclusive of a locus of points defining a geometrical feature, M and N being positive integer values; the apparatus further comprising in combination: an M×N array of light emitting diodes; a calculating element; means including the encoder registration means coupling the scanner for actuating the diode array with the M×N scanned array of data points and for transmitting said array of data points to the calculating element; the calculating element being responsive to said data points for computing the coordinates of the geometrical feature embedded in said data point array of contiguous points having the same preselected Boolean coded values (0 or 1); and means including the calculating element for causing the diode array to differentially indicate the location of the geometrical feature.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
200 words
In an apparatus for improving the positional accuracy and speed of an operator controlled cursor engaged in the digitized encoding of graphic information of an electronic data entry surface, said cursor being formed from a position encoder; means for registering the coordinates of the initial contact position of the encoder on the surface; and an image scanner, the image scanner generating a M×N Boolean coded array of data points of a corresponding part of the surface area inclusive of a locus of points defining a geometrical feature, M and N being positive integer values; the apparatus further comprising in combination: an M×N array of light emitting diodes; a calculating element; means including the encoder registration means coupling the scanner for actuating the diode array with the M×N scanned array of data points and for transmitting said array of data points to the calculating element; the calculating element being responsive to said data points for computing the coordinates of the geometrical feature embedded in said data point array of contiguous points having the same preselected Boolean coded values (0 or 1); and means including the calculating element for causing the diode array to differentially indicate the location of the geometrical feature.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
32 words
An apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the means for differentially indicating the location of the geometric figure includes means for causing a selected one of the light emitting diodes to flash.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1982-12-31 | 1983-07-02 | 1984-01-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1986-12-31 | 1987-07-02 | 1988-01-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1990-12-31 | 1991-07-02 | 1992-01-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |