US4125110A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Monitoring and stimulation electrode
Assignee: Individual
•
Filing: 1977-11-07
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Granted: 1978-11-14
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Expires: 1997-11-07
Abstract
Abstract An improved combination electrode for use in monitoring and stimulation medical applications is provided having an electrical current conductor including a connector plug and a skin-interfacing substrate material, this substrate being a composition such as mixture of a natural organic polysaccharide and hydric alcohol having electrically conductive and adhesive properties.
Inventors
- 👤 Alan C. Hymes
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 18:05
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/41; A61B5/411; A61B5/24; A61B5/25; A61B5/251; A61B5/257; A61B5/259; A61N; A61N1/00; A61N1/02; A61N1/04; A61N1/0404; A61N1/0472; A61N1/0492; A61N1/0496
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 25
Claim 1
Independent Claim
146 words
An electrode for establishing electrical connection to a patient's skin, comprising: an electrically conductive backing and current distribution member; electrical terminal means attached to said member, said terminal means being adapted for connection of the electrode to an electrical wire; and a substrate attached to said backing and current distribution member for interfacing with the patient's skin, said substrate comprising a homogeneous material including between 21% and 65% high molecular weight hydrophilic polysaccharide material, at least about 0.006% electrolytic salt, at least about 0.6% water and an alcohol, said substrate being sufficiently pliant to permit conformation of the shape of the electrode to the body contours, said substrate being sufficiently firm to prevent penetration of the body contours through the substrate thereby preventing contact of the backing member with the skin, and said substrate being uniformly conductive thereby providing a homogeneous conducting surface to the skin.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
146 words
An electrode for establishing electrical connection to a patient's skin, comprising: an electrically conductive backing and current distribution member; electrical terminal means attached to said member, said terminal means being adapted for connection of the electrode to an electrical wire; and a substrate attached to said backing and current distribution member for interfacing with the patient's skin, said substrate comprising a homogeneous material including between 21% and 65% high molecular weight hydrophilic polysaccharide material, at least about 0.006% electrolytic salt, at least about 0.6% water and an alcohol, said substrate being sufficiently pliant to permit conformation of the shape of the electrode to the body contours, said substrate being sufficiently firm to prevent penetration of the body contours through the substrate thereby preventing contact of the backing member with the skin, and said substrate being uniformly conductive thereby providing a homogeneous conducting surface to the skin.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electrode according to claim 1 wherein said substrate material includes a high molecular weight naturally occurring polysaccharide gum.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
An electrode according to claim 2 wherein said polysaccharide gum comprises karaya.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
19 words
An electrode according to claim 3 wherein said substrate material includes sufficient karaya gum to provide adhesiveness and firmness.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
20 words
An electrode according to claim 2 wherein said substrate material includes sufficient hydric alcohol to provide plasticity to said substrate.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electrode according to claim 1 wherein said substrate extends beyond the edges of said backing and current distribution member to further prevent direct contact between said member and the patient's skin.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
23 words
An electrode according to claim 6 wherein said substrate extends beyond the edges of said member for a distance of approximately 1/8 inch.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
46 words
An electrode according to claim 1 wherein said substrate comprises from 21% to 65% karaya gum, from 74% to 33% glycerin, 0.6% to 6.0% propylene glycol, from 0.006 to 0.9% sodium chlloride, from 0.6% to 6.0% water and from 0.006% to 0.9% calcium chloride by weight.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
27 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said substrate comprises karaya powder, silicone rubber particles and glycerin, said karaya powder and silicone particles being suspended in said glycerin.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
31 words
The electrode of claim 1 wherein said electrically conductive backing and current distribution member is a member selected from the group consisting of wire mesh, conductive cloth and conductive polymer material.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
123 words
An electrode for establishing electrical connection to a patient's skin, comprising: a conductive backing and current distribution member; electrical terminal means attached to said member for permitting electrical connection to the electrode; and a skin interfacing substrate attached to said backing and current distribution member, said substrate comprising a homogeneous sheet of material having electrical conduction, adhesive, elastic and plastic properties for adhering to the patient's skin and establishing uniform electrical conduction throughout the contact area with the skin, said material including a humectant, an electrolyte, hydric alcohol, and a natural polysaccharide gum, said hydric alcohol being present in an amount of from 33% to 52% and said natural polysaccharide gum being present in an amount of from 65% to 36% by weight.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
123 words
An electrode for establishing electrical connection to a patient's skin, comprising: a conductive backing and current distribution member; electrical terminal means attached to said member for permitting electrical connection to the electrode; and a skin interfacing substrate attached to said backing and current distribution member, said substrate comprising a homogeneous sheet of material having electrical conduction, adhesive, elastic and plastic properties for adhering to the patient's skin and establishing uniform electrical conduction throughout the contact area with the skin, said material including a humectant, an electrolyte, hydric alcohol, and a natural polysaccharide gum, said hydric alcohol being present in an amount of from 33% to 52% and said natural polysaccharide gum being present in an amount of from 65% to 36% by weight.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
34 words
An electrode according to claim 11 wherein said sheet includes a sufficient proportion of said natural polysaccharide gum to provide adhesive and elastic properties, and a sufficient proportion of alcohol to provide said plasticity.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrode according to claim 12 wherein said natural polysaccharide gum comprises karaya gum.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
An electrode according to claim 13 wherein said sheet further includes a binder compund having free radicals for establishing cross-linking with the karaya.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
33 words
The electrode of claim 14 wherein said binder compound is a member selected from the group consisting of gelatin, corn starch, cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, urethane, epoxy resins, polyesters and calcium salts.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
78 words
An electrode for establishing electrical connection to an patient's skin, comprising: a conductive backing and current distribution member; electrical terminal means attached to said member for permitting electrical connection to the electrode; and a substrate attached to said backing and current distribution member for interfacing with the patient's skin, said substrate comprising a sheet of material comprising approximately between 36% and 65% natural polysaccharide gum, approximately between 52% and 33% hydric alcohol, and at least 0.016% electrolytic salt.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
78 words
An electrode for establishing electrical connection to an patient's skin, comprising: a conductive backing and current distribution member; electrical terminal means attached to said member for permitting electrical connection to the electrode; and a substrate attached to said backing and current distribution member for interfacing with the patient's skin, said substrate comprising a sheet of material comprising approximately between 36% and 65% natural polysaccharide gum, approximately between 52% and 33% hydric alcohol, and at least 0.016% electrolytic salt.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
30 words
An electrode according to claim 16 wherein said natural polysaccharide gum has a large molecular weight and has hydrophilic characteristics for making a conductive colloidal suspension in said hydric alcohol.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
An electrode according to claim 16 wherein said natural polysaccharide gum comprises karaya gum.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
87 words
An electrode for establishing electrical connection to a patient's skin, comprising: a conductive backing and current distribution member; electrical terminal means attached to said member for permitting electrical connection to the electrode; and a substrate attached to said backing and current distribution member for interfacing with the patient's skin, said substrate comprising a sheet of material including approximately between 30 and 60 parts by weight natural polysaccharide gum, approximately 30 to 90 parts by weight hydric alcohol, and at least about 0.01 parts by weight electrolytic salt.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
87 words
An electrode for establishing electrical connection to a patient's skin, comprising: a conductive backing and current distribution member; electrical terminal means attached to said member for permitting electrical connection to the electrode; and a substrate attached to said backing and current distribution member for interfacing with the patient's skin, said substrate comprising a sheet of material including approximately between 30 and 60 parts by weight natural polysaccharide gum, approximately 30 to 90 parts by weight hydric alcohol, and at least about 0.01 parts by weight electrolytic salt.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
44 words
The electrode of claim 19 wherein said substrate comprising a sheet of material including by weight between about 30 to 60 parts karaya gum, about 30 to 90 parts glycerin, about 0.01 to 1.5 parts sodium chloride and about 1 to 10 parts water.
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
40 words
The electrode of claim 20 wherein said substrate comprises about 40 parts karaya gum, about 57 parts glycerin, about 3 parts propylene glycol, about 0.07 parts sodium chloride, about 3 parts water and about 0.06 parts calcium chloride by weight.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-11-13 | 1982-05-15 | 1982-11-14 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-11-13 | 1986-05-15 | 1986-11-14 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-11-13 | 1990-05-15 | 1990-11-14 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |