US4107283A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Tracer for circulation determinations
Assignee: EIDP Inc
•
Filing: 1976-07-19
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Granted: 1978-08-15
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Expires: 1996-07-19
Abstract
Abstract A tracer comprising a polymer coated ion exchange core either labelled with nuclide, stable or radioactive or unlabelled and finding particular utility in circulatory determinations in animals or in the chemical process industries to detect or measure fluid flow.
Inventors
- 👤 Frederick P. Pratt
- 👤 David L. Gagnon
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 09:46
CPC Classifications
G; G21; G21H; G21H5/00; G21H5/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 49
Claim 1
Independent Claim
31 words
An injectable preparation for use in making circulatory system measurements comprising ion exchange cores having a polymeric coating in a physiologically acceptable liquid carrier and a physiologically acceptable liquid carrier therefor.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
31 words
An injectable preparation for use in making circulatory system measurements comprising ion exchange cores having a polymeric coating in a physiologically acceptable liquid carrier and a physiologically acceptable liquid carrier therefor.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
16 words
The preparation of claim 1 in which the cores will pass through a 50 mesh screen.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
18 words
The preparation of claim 2 in which the coating is of a thickness of 0.5 to 5 microns.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
The preparation of claim 3 in which the coating is of a thickness of 1 to 3 microns.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The preparation of claim 1 in which the cores comprise ion exchange resin.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
18 words
The preparation of claim 5 in which the cores are of a diameter of 10 to 200 microns.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The preparation of claim 1 in which radioactive ions are adsorbed on said cores.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The preparation of claim 7 in which the cores comprise ion exchange resin.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
41 words
The preparation of claim 7 in which the radioactive ions are selected from the group consisting of Cerium 141 , Chromium 51 , Strontium 85 , Scandium 46 and Cobalt 57 ions and the ion exchange resin is cation exchange resin.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
14 words
The preparation of claim 1 in which the polymeric coating is a furan polymer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
21 words
The preparation of claim 9 in which the cores comprise ion exchange resin and the polymeric coating is a furan polymer.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
12 words
A particle comprising an ion exchange core having a polymeric coating thereon.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
12 words
A particle comprising an ion exchange core having a polymeric coating thereon.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
15 words
The particle of claim 12 in which the core has radioactive ions chemically bonded thereto.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
32 words
The particle of claim 13 in which the radioactive ions are selected from the group consisting of Cerium 141 , Chromium 51 , Strontium 85 , Scandium 46 and Cobalt 57 ions.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
14 words
The particle of claim 13 in which the core is an ion exchange resin.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
14 words
The particle of claim 14 in which the core is a cation exchange resin.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
30 words
The particle of claim 12 in which the core is of a size to pass through a 50 mesh screen and the coating is 0.5 to 5 microns in thickness.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
The particle of claim 17 in which the coating is 1 to 3 microns in thickness.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
14 words
The particle of claim 12 in which the polymeric coating comprises a furan polymer.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
21 words
The particle of claim 12 in which the polymeric coating is the reaction product of a base or acid catalyzed monomer.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
20 words
The particle of claim 20 in which the core is an ion exchange resin and has radioactive ions adsorbed thereon.
Claim 24
Independent Claim
77 words
A method of making polymeric coated tracer particles comprising contacting a monomer selected from the group consisting of a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by H+ ions, and a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by OH - ions, with ion exchange cores having ions selected from the group consisting of H+ ions and OH - ions whereby polymerization of said monomer is catalyzed at the surfaces of said cores to form said coating.
Claim 25
Independent Claim
77 words
A method of making polymeric coated tracer particles comprising contacting a monomer selected from the group consisting of a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by H+ ions, and a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by OH - ions, with ion exchange cores having ions selected from the group consisting of H+ ions and OH - ions whereby polymerization of said monomer is catalyzed at the surfaces of said cores to form said coating.
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method of claim 22 in which the cores comprise ion exchange resins.
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
16 words
The method of claim 22 in which the cores have radioactive ions adsorbed on said cores.
Claim 28
Independent Claim
34 words
A method of making tracer particles comprising polymerizing a monomer on the surface of radioactive labelled ion exchange cores which surface is catalytic to said polymerization, to form a polymer coating on said cores.
Claim 29
Independent Claim
34 words
A method of making tracer particles comprising polymerizing a monomer on the surface of radioactive labelled ion exchange cores which surface is catalytic to said polymerization, to form a polymer coating on said cores.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
38 words
The method of claim 25 in which said polymerization is catalyzed by an acid or base and in which the surface has either acidic or basic catalytic sites depending on whether the polymerization is acidically or basically catalyzed.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
33 words
The method of claim 26 in which the said catalytic sites comprise either H+ or OH - ions of the ion exchange cores depending on whether the polymerization is acidically or basically catalyzed.
Claim 32
Independent Claim
46 words
A method of determining the characteristics of a circulatory system which comprises introducing into said system particles comprising a radioactive ion exchange core having a polymeric coating and determining the flow of particles in the system at a position removed from the introduction of said particles.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
46 words
A method of determining the characteristics of a circulatory system which comprises introducing into said system particles comprising a radioactive ion exchange core having a polymeric coating and determining the flow of particles in the system at a position removed from the introduction of said particles.
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 28 in which cores comprise ion exchange resin having radioactive ions adsorbed thereon.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 29 in which the particles are injected into the circulation system of an animal.
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
20 words
The method of claim 28 in which the number of labelled particles is determined by counting the amount of radioactivity.
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
32 words
A tracer particle comprising an ion exchange core incorporating radioactive ions and a polymeric coating over said core of a thickness sufficient to prevent substantial leaching of the ions from the particles.
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
32 words
A tracer particle comprising an ion exchange core incorporating radioactive ions and a polymeric coating over said core of a thickness sufficient to prevent substantial leaching of the ions from the particles.
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
45 words
The tracer according to claim 32 in which the coating is a polymer of a monomer selected from the group consisting of a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by an acid and a monomer the polymerization of which is catalyzed by a base.
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
38 words
The tracer according to claim 33 in which the coating is the pruduct of furfuryl alcohol formaldehyde, furfural phenol-formaldehyde, phenol-furfural, phenol-furfuryl alcohol, furfural-acetone, urea-formaldehyde, urea-formaldehyde-furfuryl alcohol, furfural-furfuryl alcohol-phenol, analine-furfural, melamine-formaldehyde, tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol and melamine-furfural, or any combination thereof.
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
15 words
The tracer according to claim 34 in which the core is an ion exchange resin.
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
23 words
The tracer according to claim 33 in which the core has ions selected from the group consisting of H+ and OH - ions.
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
15 words
The preparation of claim 1 in which the cores are suspended in the liquid carrier.
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
98 words
An injectable preparation for use in making circulatory system measurements comprising cores of ion exchange resin having a polymeric coating in a physiologically acceptable liquid carrier, said ion exchange resin being selected from the group consisting of a cationic exchange resin having both radioactive cations and H+ ions and an anionic exchange resin having both radioactive anions and OH - anions, and said polymeric coating comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of a polymer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by H+ cations, and a polymer the polymerization of which is catalyzed by OH - anions.
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
98 words
An injectable preparation for use in making circulatory system measurements comprising cores of ion exchange resin having a polymeric coating in a physiologically acceptable liquid carrier, said ion exchange resin being selected from the group consisting of a cationic exchange resin having both radioactive cations and H+ ions and an anionic exchange resin having both radioactive anions and OH - anions, and said polymeric coating comprising a polymer selected from the group consisting of a polymer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by H+ cations, and a polymer the polymerization of which is catalyzed by OH - anions.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
89 words
A particle comprising a core of ion exchange resin having a polymer coating thereon, said ion exchange resin being selected from the group consisting of a cationic exchange resin having both radioactive cations and H+ cations and an anionic exchange resin having both radioactive anions and OH 31 anions and said polymeric coating comprising a polymer of a monomer selected from the group consisting of a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by H+ cations, and a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by OH - anions.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
89 words
A particle comprising a core of ion exchange resin having a polymer coating thereon, said ion exchange resin being selected from the group consisting of a cationic exchange resin having both radioactive cations and H+ cations and an anionic exchange resin having both radioactive anions and OH 31 anions and said polymeric coating comprising a polymer of a monomer selected from the group consisting of a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by H+ cations, and a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by OH - anions.
Claim 48
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of making tracer particles coated with a polymer comprising contacting cores of an ion exchange resin with a monomer of said polymer, said ion exchange resin being selected from the group consisting of a cationic exchange resin having both radioactive cations and H + cations and an anionic exchange resin having both radioactive anions and OH - anions, said monomer being selected from the group consisting of a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by H + cations, and a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by OH - anions.
Claim 49
Independent Claim
94 words
A method of making tracer particles coated with a polymer comprising contacting cores of an ion exchange resin with a monomer of said polymer, said ion exchange resin being selected from the group consisting of a cationic exchange resin having both radioactive cations and H + cations and an anionic exchange resin having both radioactive anions and OH - anions, said monomer being selected from the group consisting of a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by H + cations, and a monomer, the polymerization of which is catalyzed by OH - anions.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-08-14 | 1982-02-13 | 1982-08-15 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-08-14 | 1986-02-13 | 1986-08-15 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-08-14 | 1990-02-13 | 1990-08-15 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |