US4093349A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
High reflectivity laser mirrors
Assignee: Northrop Grumman Systems Corp
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Filing: 1976-10-27
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Granted: 1978-06-06
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Expires: 1996-10-27
Abstract
Abstract A mirror for high power lasers comprising a high reflectivity superlattice surface formed of a copper-gold alloy on a copper base, and the method of making the same.
Inventors
- 👤 George J. Mills
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-22 19:44
CPC Classifications
B; B32; B32B; B32B15/00; B32B15/01; B32B15/018; G; G02; G02B; G02B5/00; G02B5/08; G02B5/0816; G02B5/085; G02B5/0875; H; H01; H01S; H01S3/00; H01S3/05; H01S3/08; H01S3/08059; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S359/00; Y10S359/90
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 17
Claim 1
Independent Claim
51 words
A highly reflective laser mirror having high thermal conductivity comprising: a. a polished copper substrate, and b. a layer of copper-gold alloy which has been heat-treated and quenched to transform said layer into a face-centered cubic lattice structure in which the copper and gold atoms are ordered in certain lattice positions.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
51 words
A highly reflective laser mirror having high thermal conductivity comprising: a. a polished copper substrate, and b. a layer of copper-gold alloy which has been heat-treated and quenched to transform said layer into a face-centered cubic lattice structure in which the copper and gold atoms are ordered in certain lattice positions.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The mirror of claim 1 wherein a metal film forming a barrier for gold is deposited between said substrate and layer.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The mirror of claim 2 wherein said metal film is of nickel.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
56 words
The mirror of claim 1 wherein said layer is of CuAu alloy in which the Cu atoms are positioned at the centers of the faces of said face-centered cubic lattice structures and the Au atoms are positioned at the remaining lattice sites to preserve the 1 Cu to 1 Au atom stochiometric relationship of said layer.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
54 words
The mirror of claim 1 wherein said layer is of Cu 3 Au alloy in which the Au atoms are positioned at the corners of said face-centered cubic lattice structures and the Cu atoms are positioned at the centers of the faces thereof to preserve the 3 Cu to 1 Au atom stochiometric relationship.
Claim 7
Independent Claim
84 words
A method for forming a highly reflective laser mirror having high thermal conductivity comprising the steps of: a. highly polishing the surface of a copper substrate, b. depositing on the substrate surface a thin layer of material selected from the class consisting of Au, CuAu and Cu 3 Au alloy, c. heating the substrate and layer to develop an ordered state of the material and d. cooling the substrate and layer to form a face-centered cubic lattice structure on the surface of the layer.
Claim 8
Independent Claim
84 words
A method for forming a highly reflective laser mirror having high thermal conductivity comprising the steps of: a. highly polishing the surface of a copper substrate, b. depositing on the substrate surface a thin layer of material selected from the class consisting of Au, CuAu and Cu 3 Au alloy, c. heating the substrate and layer to develop an ordered state of the material and d. cooling the substrate and layer to form a face-centered cubic lattice structure on the surface of the layer.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
15 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the layer surface is finally polished for maximum reflectivity.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
14 words
The method of claim 7 wherein the layer is of Cu 3 Au alloy.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the layer is of CuAu alloy.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 6 wherein the layer is of gold and the substrate and layer are heated at a high enough temperature for sufficient time to diffuse the gold into the copper, thereby forming a surface layer of copper-gold alloy.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
30 words
The method of claim 6 wherein alternate layers of gold and copper are deposited on the substrate, the unit being diffusion annealed to homogenize the layers into a copper-gold alloy.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
26 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the thicknesses of the layers are substantially equal to each other, whereby the layers are homogenized into a CuAu alloy.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 11 wherein the ratio of the thicknesses of the copper to the gold layers is 3:1, whereby the layers are homogenized into a Cu 3 Au alloy.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
42 words
The method of claim 6 wherein said layer is of gold and a thin layer of material, which forms a barrier for gold but through which copper can easily diffuse, is deposited between the surface of the substrate and said gold layer.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 14 wherein the layer deposited between the gold layer and the substrate is of nickel.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-06-05 | 1981-12-05 | 1982-06-06 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-06-05 | 1985-12-05 | 1986-06-06 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-06-05 | 1989-12-05 | 1990-06-06 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |