US4077390A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Reusable heat pack containing supercooled solution and means for activating same
Assignee: ENERGY SYSTEMS UNITED Corp
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Filing: 1976-08-02
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Granted: 1978-03-07
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Expires: 1996-08-02
Abstract
Abstract A heat pack is made by enclosing supercoolable aqueous sodium acetate solution together with a metallic activator strip in a sealed, flexible container. The activator strip is a flexible metal strip having one or more fissures or slits extending therethrough. To prepare the heat pack for activation, its contents are first heated to a temperature above the melting point of sodium acetate to completely melt it. Thereafter, the sodium acetate solution is supercooled. Activation or crystallization of the sodium acetate (with evolution of heat) is produced by bending the activator strip.
Inventors
- 👤 Joseph Stanley
- 👤 Griffith L. Hoerner
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 02:23
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61F; A61F7/00; A61F7/02; A61F7/03; B; B01; B01D; B01D9/00; B01D9/0004; B01D9/005; F; F28; F28D; F28D20/00; F28D20/02; F28D20/028; A61F2007/0292; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/14; Y10; Y10S; Y10S165/00; Y10S165/902
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 14
Claim 1
Independent Claim
92 words
A heat pack comprising: a flexible container; a supercoolable aqueous sodium acetate solution carried within said flexible container; and a flexible self contained activator strip disposed within said flexible container in intimate contact with said sodium acetate solution for initiating crystallization of said solution when supercooled, said activator strip having no dependency with said flexible container for said crystallization, said activator strip being formed from a ferrous material defining a thickness and a perimeter and including at least one fissure extending through said thickness and having a terminus inwardly of said perimeter.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
92 words
A heat pack comprising: a flexible container; a supercoolable aqueous sodium acetate solution carried within said flexible container; and a flexible self contained activator strip disposed within said flexible container in intimate contact with said sodium acetate solution for initiating crystallization of said solution when supercooled, said activator strip having no dependency with said flexible container for said crystallization, said activator strip being formed from a ferrous material defining a thickness and a perimeter and including at least one fissure extending through said thickness and having a terminus inwardly of said perimeter.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
21 words
The heat pack of claim 1 wherein said at least one fissure extends inwardly from the perimeter of said activator strip.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
55 words
The heat pack of claim 1 wherein said self contained activator strip comprises a body portion and a tongue portion integrally attached at one end thereof to said body portion and depending therefrom intermediate the perimeter of said activator strip, confronting surfaces of said body and tongue portions defining therebetween said at least one fissure.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
31 words
The heat pack of claim 3 wherein said body portion forms a continuous annular ring with said tongue portion depending from a discrete region along the interior surface of said ring.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
91 words
The heat pack of claim 1 wherein said heat pack further comprises: a flexible protective bag disposed within said sodium acetate solution and defining at least one aperture extending therethrough for providing fluid communication between the interior of said protective bag and the interior of said flexible container exterior to said self contained protective bag, said activator strip being disposed within said flexible bag whereby flexing of said activator strip initiates crystal formation within said protective bag with said crystals growing therefrom into said flexible container external to said protective bag.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
17 words
The heat pack of claim 5 wherein said protective bag is fixedly attached to said flexible container.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
14 words
The heat pack of claim 1 wherein said activator strip is formed from steel.
Claim 9
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of initiating crystallization of a supercoolable aqueous sodium acetate solution carried within a flexible container, said method comprising the steps of introducing a flexible activator strip into said supercoolable solution, said activator strip being formed from a ferrous material defining a thickness and a perimeter and including at least one fissure extending through said thickness and having a terminus inwardly of said perimeter; and flexing said activator strip through said flexible container to initiate crystallization of said supercoolable solution wherein said strip has no dependency with said container for crystallization.
Claim 10
Independent Claim
92 words
A method of initiating crystallization of a supercoolable aqueous sodium acetate solution carried within a flexible container, said method comprising the steps of introducing a flexible activator strip into said supercoolable solution, said activator strip being formed from a ferrous material defining a thickness and a perimeter and including at least one fissure extending through said thickness and having a terminus inwardly of said perimeter; and flexing said activator strip through said flexible container to initiate crystallization of said supercoolable solution wherein said strip has no dependency with said container for crystallization.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
32 words
The method of claim 8 including the additional step of: sealing said flexible container after introduction of said activator strip into said flexible container and before said flexing of said activator strip.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
51 words
The method of claim 9 including the further sequential steps of: heating said supercoolable solution to a temperature sufficient to completely melt said supercoolable solution after said sealing of said flexible container; and said supercoolable solution to a temperature at which said supercoolable solution is supercooled before flexing said activator strip.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method of claim 10 wherein said steps are sequentially repeated to alternately initiate crystallization of, and supercool, said supercoolable solution.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
35 words
A heat pack as defined in claim 1 wherein the flexible container is formed from pliable polymer compatible with said soduim acetate solution and said solution and flexible self contained activator strip are sealed therein.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1981-03-06 | 1981-09-05 | 1982-03-07 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1985-03-06 | 1985-09-05 | 1986-03-07 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1989-03-06 | 1989-09-05 | 1990-03-07 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |