US3960489A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method and apparatus for determination of concentration of immunologically reactive biological particles
Assignee: General Electric Co
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Filing: 1974-04-01
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Granted: 1976-06-01
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Expires: 1994-04-01
Abstract
Abstract The area of a bimolecular layer formed on a metallized slide is related to the concentration of second immunologically reactive biological particles forming the second layer. The slide initially has adsorbed thereon a first monomolecular layer of first immunologically reactive biological particles specific to the second particles. A second slide is placed on top of the monomolecular layer coated slide and a moistened region between the two slides is exposed to a solution of the second biological particles to form the second monomolecular layer. The biomolecular layer is visible with good contrast to the unaided eye.
Inventors
- 👤 Ivar Giaever
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 10:05
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01N; G01N33/00; G01N33/48; G01N33/50; G01N33/53; G01N33/543; G01N33/551; G01N33/553; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S435/00; Y10S435/97; Y10S435/975; Y10S436/00; Y10S436/805; Y10S436/807; Y10S436/809; Y10S436/82
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 39
Claim 1
Independent Claim
70 words
Apparatus for determining the presence or absence of select biological particles in a biological sample and the concentration of said select biological particles, if present, comprising in combination a solid substrate member having metallized surface area, a first monomolecular layer of biological particles immunologically specific to said select biological particles adsorbed on said mettalized surface area and means for locating a stationary region of an aqueous liquid on and in
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
70 words
Apparatus for determining the presence or absence of select biological particles in a biological sample and the concentration of said select biological particles, if present, comprising in combination a solid substrate member having metallized surface area, a first monomolecular layer of biological particles immunologically specific to said select biological particles adsorbed on said mettalized surface area and means for locating a stationary region of an aqueous liquid on and in
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
The apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein the metallized surface area of the substrate member is a non-continuous film consisting of metal
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein the metallized surface area
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
22 words
The apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein the first monomolecular layer of first biological particles is adsorbed along substantially the entire
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein the first layer of biological
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein the first layer of biological
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the locating means is a
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the locating means is a layer
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
11 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the metallized surface area
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
12 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the metallized surface area is
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
27 words
The apparatus set forth in claim 1 wherein the metallized surface area of the substrate member is formed from an alloy of two metals and has an
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus set forth in claim 11 wherein the two metals are indium
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
36 words
The apparatus recited in claim 1 wherein the locating means is a rigid, nonpermeable member disposed in juxtaposition with the first monomolecular layer and close enough thereto to define a passage able to function as a
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
13 words
The apparatus recited in claim 13 wherein the rigid member has at least
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
28 words
The apparatus set forth in claim 14 wherein the size of the aperture through the rigid member is of diameter in the range of 1 millimeter to 1
Claim 17
Independent Claim
114 words
A method for determining the presence or absence of select biological particles in a biological sample and the concentration of said select biological particles, if present, comprising the steps of: depositing a first monomolecular layer of biological particles immunologically specific to said select biological particles on a metallized surface, disposing a stationary region of moisture on and in contact with said first monomolecular layer, placing a quantity of biological sample in contact with said stationary region, maintaining said stationary region to permit diffusion of said quantity of biological sample therethrough into contact with said first monomolecular layer, removing said stationary region and inspecting the exposed surface to determine the presence and area of second
Claim 18
Independent Claim
114 words
A method for determining the presence or absence of select biological particles in a biological sample and the concentration of said select biological particles, if present, comprising the steps of: depositing a first monomolecular layer of biological particles immunologically specific to said select biological particles on a metallized surface, disposing a stationary region of moisture on and in contact with said first monomolecular layer, placing a quantity of biological sample in contact with said stationary region, maintaining said stationary region to permit diffusion of said quantity of biological sample therethrough into contact with said first monomolecular layer, removing said stationary region and inspecting the exposed surface to determine the presence and area of second
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method recited in claim 16 wherein the stationary region is in a moistened cellulose membrane placed in contact with the first
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
13 words
The method recited in claim 16 wherein the stationary region is in a
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method recited in claim 16 wherein the first monomolecular layer is
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method recited in claim 16 wherein the metallized surface is
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method recited in claim 16 wherein the metallized surface is
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method recited in claim 16 wherein the maintaining of the stationary region is accomplished by providing a moist environment during
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method recited in claim 16 wherein a plurality of quantities of biological samples are placed in contact with the stationary region at
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
34 words
The method recited in claim 23 wherein a quantity of a standard solution containing a known concentration of select biological particles therein is also placed in contact with the stationary region to produce a
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method recited in claim 16 wherein the stationary region is disposed by capillary action between the first monomolecular layer and surface area of a rigid, nonpermeable member in juxtaposition therewith.
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
24 words
The method recited in claim 25 wherein the quantity of biological sample is placed in contact with the stationary region along an edge of
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method recited in claim 25 wherein the quantity of biological sample is placed in contact with the stationary region via an aperture
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method recited in claim 27 wherein the quantity of biological sample is placed in contact with the stationary region under pressure.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
22 words
The method recited in claim 27 wherein the quantity of biological sample is placed in contact with the stationary region and simultaneously
Claim 32
Independent Claim
126 words
A method for determining the presence or absence of select biological particles in a biological sample, comprising the steps of: disposing a stationary region of moisture on a metallized surface in direct contact therewith, placing a quantity of solution containing biological particles immunologically specific to said select biological particles in contact with said stationary region at a first location, placing a quantity of biological sample in contact with said stationary region at a second location spaced from said first location, maintaining said stationary region to permit diffusion of said quantities of solution and biological sample therethrough to contact said metallized surface, removing said stationary region and inspecting the exposed surface to determine the presence or absence of precipitate line adhered to said metallized surface between positions
Claim 33
Independent Claim
126 words
A method for determining the presence or absence of select biological particles in a biological sample, comprising the steps of: disposing a stationary region of moisture on a metallized surface in direct contact therewith, placing a quantity of solution containing biological particles immunologically specific to said select biological particles in contact with said stationary region at a first location, placing a quantity of biological sample in contact with said stationary region at a second location spaced from said first location, maintaining said stationary region to permit diffusion of said quantities of solution and biological sample therethrough to contact said metallized surface, removing said stationary region and inspecting the exposed surface to determine the presence or absence of precipitate line adhered to said metallized surface between positions
Claim 34
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method recited in claim 30 wherein the select biological particle is an antigen and the biological particle specific thereto is an antibody.
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method recited in claim 30 wherein the metallized surface contains
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method recited in claim 30 wherein the metallized surface is
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
11 words
The method recited in claim 30 wherein the metallized surface is
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
21 words
The method recited in claim 30 wherein the stationary region is disposed by capillary action between the metalized surface and surface
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method recited in claim 35 wherein the quantities of solution and biological sample are placed in contact with the stationary region via spaced apertures through the rigid member.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1979-06-01 | 1979-12-01 | 1980-06-01 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1983-06-01 | 1983-12-01 | 1984-06-01 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1987-06-01 | 1987-12-01 | 1988-06-01 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |