US3924020A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Method of making a thermoplastic ink decorated, polymer coated glass article
Assignee: Anchor Hocking LLC
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Filing: 1973-12-13
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Granted: 1975-12-02
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Expires: 1993-12-13
Abstract
Abstract A glass article is decorated with a thermoplastic ink which contains no frit. A finely divided heat fusible polymeric coating material is applied to the article over the ink. The article is heated to a temperature at which the particles of coating material fuse to form a smooth continuous film over the ink while the latter is in melted, semi-liquid condition. The melted ink diffuses into (but not through) the polymer film over it, thereby forming a melt-melt bond. The polymeric film imparts a serviceability to the ink which it would not otherwise display.
Inventors
- 👤 Jr Herbert C Shank
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 06:59
CPC Classifications
G; G02; G02B; G02B6/00; G02B6/10; G02B6/12; G02B6/13; G02B6/134; G02B6/1342; C; C30; C30B; C30B29/00; C30B29/10; C30B29/16; C30B31/00; C30B31/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
134 words
A METHOD OF MAKING AN OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: DEPOSITING A LAYER OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL ZNO EPITAXIALLY ON A FLAT SURFACE OF A SUBSTRATE OF SAPPHIRE, POLISHING A SURFACE OF SAID ZNO LAYER, PROVIDING A VAPOR SOURCE OF LITHIUM BY MELTING LITHIUM HYDROXIDE AT ABOUT 450*C, DEHYDRATING THE MOLTEN LITHIUM HYDROXIDE AT ABOUT 600*C TO FORM A WHITE POWDER, AND HEATING THE WHITE POWDER TO ABOUT 1100*C FOR ABOUT FIFTEEN MINUTES, DIFFUSING LITHIUM FROM SAID VAPOR SOURCE INTO SAID ZNO LAYER IN AN OXYGEN AMBIENT BY HEATING SAID WHITE POWDER ADJACENT SAID ZNO LAYER TO A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 850*C WHILE MAINTAINING SAID ZNO LAYER AT A TEMPERATURE OF BETWEEN ABOUT 600*C AND 800*C FOR BETWEEN ABOUT ONE AND FIVE HOURS, AND APPLYING A PASSIVATING FILM OF ALUMINUM OXIDE OVER SAID ZNO LAYER.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
134 words
A METHOD OF MAKING AN OPTICAL WAVEGUIDE COMPRISING THE STEPS OF: DEPOSITING A LAYER OF SINGLE-CRYSTAL ZNO EPITAXIALLY ON A FLAT SURFACE OF A SUBSTRATE OF SAPPHIRE, POLISHING A SURFACE OF SAID ZNO LAYER, PROVIDING A VAPOR SOURCE OF LITHIUM BY MELTING LITHIUM HYDROXIDE AT ABOUT 450*C, DEHYDRATING THE MOLTEN LITHIUM HYDROXIDE AT ABOUT 600*C TO FORM A WHITE POWDER, AND HEATING THE WHITE POWDER TO ABOUT 1100*C FOR ABOUT FIFTEEN MINUTES, DIFFUSING LITHIUM FROM SAID VAPOR SOURCE INTO SAID ZNO LAYER IN AN OXYGEN AMBIENT BY HEATING SAID WHITE POWDER ADJACENT SAID ZNO LAYER TO A TEMPERATURE OF ABOUT 850*C WHILE MAINTAINING SAID ZNO LAYER AT A TEMPERATURE OF BETWEEN ABOUT 600*C AND 800*C FOR BETWEEN ABOUT ONE AND FIVE HOURS, AND APPLYING A PASSIVATING FILM OF ALUMINUM OXIDE OVER SAID ZNO LAYER.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
31 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said coating material comprises discrete solid resin particles which are fusible only at a temperature higher than the temperature at which said ink is applied.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink comprises a thermoplastic vehicle and a pigment carried by said vehicle.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink comprises a waxy vehicle which melts in the range of 120*-200* F., and a pigment, but contains no glass frit.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
12 words
The method of claim 4 wherein said pigment is an organic dye.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
53 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said coating is carried out by the electrostatic fluidized bed process, the article with the ink on it in semi-liquid state being coated as it passes in proximity to a fluidized bed of particles of said coating material which particles are electrostatically charged oppositely from said article.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
18 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said coating is carried out by an electrostatic dry powder spray process.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
39 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink displays abrasion and alkali resistance which, in the absence of the film overlying it, would be inadequate to withstand the abrasion and alkali attack incidental to ordinary use of the article.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
41 words
The method of claim 1 wherein a multiplicity of differently colored inks are applied to said article sequentially, at least one of such inks being applied over an earlier applied ink, all of said inks having thermoplastic characteristics as defined herein.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said coating material is an ionic copolymer of an alpha olefin and an alpha, betaethylenically unsaturated olefin.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said coating material is fused at a temperature between 350* and 500* F.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
17 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink becomes semi-liquid at a temperature between about 120200* F.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
78 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink is applied by the silk screen process and is permitted to solidify on said article, said article is reheated, prior to application of said coating, to a temperature at which said ink is semi-liquid, the particles of said coating are charged electrostatically in the application thereof, and said article is thereafter heated to a higher temperature, with the coating particles adherent thereon, to fuse said coating over the semi-liquid ink.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
29 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said coating and ink are interdiffused while both are semi-liquid, but said ink is not diffused to an outer surface of the coating.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
23 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said ink is applied by hot melt screening through a screen which is 200 mesh or smaller.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The method of claim 1 wherein said resin is coated onto said article by silk screening over said ink.
Claim 18
Independent Claim
179 words
A method for decorating a previously formed article of glassware, comprising, applying to a glass surface area of the previously formed article a thermoplastic ink which is solid at room temperature but which becomes semi-liquid upon heating, said ink being silk screened onto the article as a semi-liquid but solidifying rapidly by cooling on the article, heating the article to a temperature at which the ink on it becomes semi-liquid, coating a layer of finely divided particulate polymeric coating material onto the heated article and over the semi-liquid ink thereon, said coating material being a heat fusible resin, heating the article with the ink decoration and resin layer thereon to a temperature at which said resin fuses to form a smooth continuous film over said article and melt-unites to said ink decoration, and coolinG the coated, decorated article, thereby providing a final decorated article of glassware wherein said film provides a permanent outer coating which covers and protects said decoration on said glass surface area, the decoration being in solid but thermoplastic remeltable condition under the said outer coating.
Claim 19
Independent Claim
179 words
A method for decorating a previously formed article of glassware, comprising, applying to a glass surface area of the previously formed article a thermoplastic ink which is solid at room temperature but which becomes semi-liquid upon heating, said ink being silk screened onto the article as a semi-liquid but solidifying rapidly by cooling on the article, heating the article to a temperature at which the ink on it becomes semi-liquid, coating a layer of finely divided particulate polymeric coating material onto the heated article and over the semi-liquid ink thereon, said coating material being a heat fusible resin, heating the article with the ink decoration and resin layer thereon to a temperature at which said resin fuses to form a smooth continuous film over said article and melt-unites to said ink decoration, and coolinG the coated, decorated article, thereby providing a final decorated article of glassware wherein said film provides a permanent outer coating which covers and protects said decoration on said glass surface area, the decoration being in solid but thermoplastic remeltable condition under the said outer coating.
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-12-01 | 1979-06-02 | 1979-12-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-12-01 | 1983-06-02 | 1983-12-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-12-01 | 1987-06-02 | 1987-12-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |