US3903201A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Suspension polymerization process
Assignee: Phillips Petroleum Co
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Filing: 1972-11-15
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Granted: 1975-09-02
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Expires: 1992-11-15
Abstract
Abstract Suspension polymerization of branched block conjugated diene/monovinyl substituted aromatic copolymers dissolved in vinylidene group containing monomers, such as styrene and acrylonitrile, results in high impact plastic compositions without need for crosslinking.
Inventors
- 👤 Clifford W Childers
- 👤 Earl Clark
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 15:23
CPC Classifications
C; C08; C08F; C08F287/00
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 24
Claim 1
Independent Claim
307 words
A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HIGH IMPACT PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF: A. POLYMERIZING AT LEAST ONE POLYMERIZABLE MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND EMPLOYING AN ORGANO MONOALKALI METAL INITIATOR UNDER POLYMERIZATION CONDITIONS, THEREBY FORMING A BLOCK OF SAID MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND, B. FURTHER POLYMERIZING ONTO THE MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND POLYMER BLOCK FROM SAID STEP (A) AT LEAST ONE COPOLYMERIZABLE CONJUGATED DIENE, THEREBY FORMING ONTO SAID BLOCK OF MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND POLYMER A BLOCK OF POLYMERIZED CONJUGATED DIENE WITH A CARBON-LITHIUM BOND ON THE END THEREOF, WHEREIN THE RESULTING BLOCK COPOLYMER CONTAINS ABOUT 40 TO 95 PARTS BY WEIGHT COPOLYMERIZED CONJUGATED DIENE AND CORRESPONDINGLY ABOUT 60 TO 5 PARTS BY WEIGHT COPOLYMERIZED MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND, SAID COPOLYMER CHARACTERIZED BY SUFFICIENT UNSATURATION AS TO BE VULCANIZABLE, C. REACTING THE BLOCK COPOLYMER FROM SAID STEP (B) WITH A POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUND CONTAINING 3 TO 7 REACTIVE SITES PER MOLECULE CAPABLE OF REACTING WITH THE CARBON-LITHIUM BOND ON THE END OF THE CONJUTATED DIENE BLOCK OF THE COPOLYMER PREPARED IN SAID STEP (B), SAID POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUND IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF EPOXIDES, ISOCYANATES, IMINES, ALDEHYDES, AND HALIDES, THEREBY PREPARING A RADIAL BLOCK COPOLYMER CHARATERIZED IN THAT THE END BLOCKS ARE DERIVED FROM SAID MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED COMPOUND, D. DISSOLVING THE RADIAL BLOCK COPOLYMER RESULTING FROM SAID STEP (C) IN AT LEAST ONE VINYLIDENE GROUP CONTAINING MONOMER-SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS, ALPHA, BETA-UNSATURATED NITRILES, ESTER OF ACRYLIC ACID, ESTERS OF ALKACRYLIC ACID, VINYL ESTERS, MALEINIMIDES, DIALKYL MALEATES, FUMARATES, OR MIXTURES, OF WHICH A VINYLIDINE NITRILE MONOMER CONSTITUTES UP TO ABOUT 95 WEIGHT PERCENT, WHEREIN SAID VINYLIDENE GROUP CONTAINING MONOMER CONTAINS UP TO 30 CARBON ATOMS, PER MOLECULE, THEREBY PREPARING A RUBBERIN-MONOMER SOLUTION, E. SUSPENSION POLYMERIZING UNDER AQUEOUS SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION CONDITIONS SAID RUBBER-IN-MONOMER SOLUTION, F. RECOVERING THE PRODUCT OF SAID AQUEOUS SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION AS A HIGH IMPACT PLASTIC COMPOSITION.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
307 words
A PROCESS FOR THE PREPARATION OF HIGH IMPACT PLASTIC COMPOSITIONS WHICH COMPRISES THE STEPS OF: A. POLYMERIZING AT LEAST ONE POLYMERIZABLE MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND EMPLOYING AN ORGANO MONOALKALI METAL INITIATOR UNDER POLYMERIZATION CONDITIONS, THEREBY FORMING A BLOCK OF SAID MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND, B. FURTHER POLYMERIZING ONTO THE MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND POLYMER BLOCK FROM SAID STEP (A) AT LEAST ONE COPOLYMERIZABLE CONJUGATED DIENE, THEREBY FORMING ONTO SAID BLOCK OF MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND POLYMER A BLOCK OF POLYMERIZED CONJUGATED DIENE WITH A CARBON-LITHIUM BOND ON THE END THEREOF, WHEREIN THE RESULTING BLOCK COPOLYMER CONTAINS ABOUT 40 TO 95 PARTS BY WEIGHT COPOLYMERIZED CONJUGATED DIENE AND CORRESPONDINGLY ABOUT 60 TO 5 PARTS BY WEIGHT COPOLYMERIZED MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUND, SAID COPOLYMER CHARACTERIZED BY SUFFICIENT UNSATURATION AS TO BE VULCANIZABLE, C. REACTING THE BLOCK COPOLYMER FROM SAID STEP (B) WITH A POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUND CONTAINING 3 TO 7 REACTIVE SITES PER MOLECULE CAPABLE OF REACTING WITH THE CARBON-LITHIUM BOND ON THE END OF THE CONJUTATED DIENE BLOCK OF THE COPOLYMER PREPARED IN SAID STEP (B), SAID POLYFUNCTIONAL COMPOUND IS SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF EPOXIDES, ISOCYANATES, IMINES, ALDEHYDES, AND HALIDES, THEREBY PREPARING A RADIAL BLOCK COPOLYMER CHARATERIZED IN THAT THE END BLOCKS ARE DERIVED FROM SAID MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED COMPOUND, D. DISSOLVING THE RADIAL BLOCK COPOLYMER RESULTING FROM SAID STEP (C) IN AT LEAST ONE VINYLIDENE GROUP CONTAINING MONOMER-SELECTED FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF MONOVINYL-SUBSTITUTED AROMATIC COMPOUNDS, ALPHA, BETA-UNSATURATED NITRILES, ESTER OF ACRYLIC ACID, ESTERS OF ALKACRYLIC ACID, VINYL ESTERS, MALEINIMIDES, DIALKYL MALEATES, FUMARATES, OR MIXTURES, OF WHICH A VINYLIDINE NITRILE MONOMER CONSTITUTES UP TO ABOUT 95 WEIGHT PERCENT, WHEREIN SAID VINYLIDENE GROUP CONTAINING MONOMER CONTAINS UP TO 30 CARBON ATOMS, PER MOLECULE, THEREBY PREPARING A RUBBERIN-MONOMER SOLUTION, E. SUSPENSION POLYMERIZING UNDER AQUEOUS SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION CONDITIONS SAID RUBBER-IN-MONOMER SOLUTION, F. RECOVERING THE PRODUCT OF SAID AQUEOUS SUSPENSION POLYMERIZATION AS A HIGH IMPACT PLASTIC COMPOSITION.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
41 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein in said step (d) said copolymer from said step (c) represents about 5 to 40 percent by weight based on the combined weight of copolymer and vinylidene group containing monomer in said step (d).
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process according to claim 1 wherein said vinylidene nitrile containing monomer comprises acrylonitrile.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process according to claim 3 wherein said vinylidene group containing monomers comprise acrylonitrile and styrene, and said branched block copolymer is a copolymer of butadiene and styrene.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
229 words
In the preparation of high impact plastic compositions wherein an unsaturated rubbery copolymer is dissolved in at least one vinylidene group containing monomer and thereafter suspension polymerized under aqueous suspension polymerization conditions employing a free radical initiator, the improvement which comprises employing as said rubbery copolymer an unsaturated branched block copolymer of at least one polymerizable conjugated diene and at least one copolymerizable monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound characterized as a radical block copolymer prepared by polymerizing a monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound monomer under polymerization conditions employing an organo-alkali metal initiator, thereby forming a block of said monovinyl-aromatic compound monomer, polymerizing thereon a block of at least one polymerizable conjugated diene, thereby producing block copolymer, and thereafter branching said block copolymer with a polyfunctional treating agent containing at least three reactive sites per molecule reactable with a carbon-lithium bond and selected from the group consisiting of polyepoxides, polyisocyanates, polyimines, polyaldehydes, and polyhalides thereby producing a branched block copolymer, wherein the end blocks of said branched block copolymers are said monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound blocks, and the degree of unsaturation in said unsaturated branched block polymer is characterized as sufficient to be vulcanizable; and wherein said vinylidene group containing monomer in said suspension is selected from the group consisting of monovinyl-substituted aromatic compounds, alpha,beta-unsaturated nitriles, esters of acrylic acid, esters of alkacrylic acid, and vinyl esters, containing up to 18 carbon atoms per molecule.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
229 words
In the preparation of high impact plastic compositions wherein an unsaturated rubbery copolymer is dissolved in at least one vinylidene group containing monomer and thereafter suspension polymerized under aqueous suspension polymerization conditions employing a free radical initiator, the improvement which comprises employing as said rubbery copolymer an unsaturated branched block copolymer of at least one polymerizable conjugated diene and at least one copolymerizable monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound characterized as a radical block copolymer prepared by polymerizing a monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound monomer under polymerization conditions employing an organo-alkali metal initiator, thereby forming a block of said monovinyl-aromatic compound monomer, polymerizing thereon a block of at least one polymerizable conjugated diene, thereby producing block copolymer, and thereafter branching said block copolymer with a polyfunctional treating agent containing at least three reactive sites per molecule reactable with a carbon-lithium bond and selected from the group consisiting of polyepoxides, polyisocyanates, polyimines, polyaldehydes, and polyhalides thereby producing a branched block copolymer, wherein the end blocks of said branched block copolymers are said monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound blocks, and the degree of unsaturation in said unsaturated branched block polymer is characterized as sufficient to be vulcanizable; and wherein said vinylidene group containing monomer in said suspension is selected from the group consisting of monovinyl-substituted aromatic compounds, alpha,beta-unsaturated nitriles, esters of acrylic acid, esters of alkacrylic acid, and vinyl esters, containing up to 18 carbon atoms per molecule.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
53 words
The process according to claim 5 wherein said branched block copolymer is characterized as at least three copolymer blocks branching from nuclei formed by polyfunctional compounds, wherein said polymerizable conjugated diene contains 4 to 12 carbon atoms per molecule, and said copolymerizable monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound contains 8 to 20 carbon atoms per molecule.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
31 words
The process according to claim 6 wherein each said copolymer block contains about 40 to 95 phm polymerized conjugated diene and correspondingly about 60 to 5 phm copolymerized monovinyl-substituted aromatic compound.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 7 wherein said polyfunctional treating agent contains 3 to 7 reactive sites per molecule.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
35 words
The process according to claim 7 wherein is employed about 5 to 40 weight percent of said unsaturated branched block copolymer based on the combined weight of branched block copolymer and vinylidene group containing monomer.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
25 words
The process according to claim 7 wherein said vinylidene group containing monomer includes at least one monovinyl-substituted aromatic monomer and at least one alpha,beta-unsaturated nitrile.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
28 words
The process according to claim 10 wherein said alpha,beta-unsaturated nitrile monomer constitutes up to 95 weight percent of the vinylidene group containing monomer excluding said branched block copolymer.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
33 words
The process according to claim 11 wherein said vinylidene group containing monomer contains up to 50 weight percent alpha, beta-unsaturated nitrile monomer and correspondingly up to 50 weight percent of monovinyl-substituted aromatic monomer.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 11 wherein said alpha,beta-unsaturated nitrile is acrylonitrile, and said monovinyl-substituted aromatic monomer is styrene.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process according to claim 13 wherein said radial branched block copolymer is a copolymer of butadiene/styrene branched with a polyhalide.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 14 wherein said branched block copolymer is a butadiene/styrene 75/25 copolymer branched with methyltrichlorosilane.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 14 wherein said branched block copolymer is a butadiene/styrene 75/25 copolymer branched with silicontetrachloride.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
19 words
The process according to claim 14 wherein said branched block copolymer is a butadiene/styrene 75/25 copolymer branched with hexachlorodisilane.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
16 words
The process according to claim 12 wherein said monomer mixture is about 70/30 weight ratio styrene/acrylonitrile.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
21 words
The process according to claim 8 wherein the number of branches of said branched block copolymer ranges from 3 to 6.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
14 words
The process according to claim 19 wherein the number of branches is approximately 3.
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to claim 8 wherein said high impact composition is recovered from said suspension polymerization and hot mixed in the absence of cross-linking agent.
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
26 words
The process according to claim 21 wherein said hot-mixed high impact composition further is compounded with at least one filler, plasticizer, pigment, reinforcing fiber, or mixture.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1978-09-01 | 1979-03-03 | 1979-09-02 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1982-09-01 | 1983-03-03 | 1983-09-02 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1986-09-01 | 1987-03-03 | 1987-09-02 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |