Apparatus for separating fluids

Claim 2

0.20 < or = D < or = 0.67

Claim 3

In a fluid separatory apparatus in which a shell having an inlet and an outlet, and a cover having an outlet are joined in a tight seal and form a vessel, a filter is stored in the shell-side zone, and the vessel is partitioned into two chambers of fluid separation and fluids treatment with a cast flange forming one end of the filter, for separating a specified component from a fluid mixture utilizing their different permeation rates through a permeable membrane wall, the improvements characterized in that the filter comprises the cast flange, a hollow porous core in about the centers of the fluids treatment chamber and said flange and a multiplicity of permeable, hollow filaments spirally wound around the core, said flange being of a truncated cone and tapered toward said cover with the tapered portions of said flange cooperating with the corresponding tapered portions of said cover in fluid-tight relation thereto; one end of said core in the cover-side zone is closed and the other end is opened; both ends of hollow filaments spirally wound around said core are imbedded and secured in said flange and have their open ends in the fluid separatory chamber; said permeable hollow filaments being spirally wound around said core by starting the winding in the flange-side zone and after winding a given fiber length reversing in the direction of the flange, such windings being repeated to form a bundle of the filaments, so that each filament satisfies the following conditions:

Claim 4

In a fluid separatory apparatus in which a shell having an inlet and an outlet, and a cover having an outlet are joined in a tight seal and form a vessel, a filter is stored in the shell-side zone, and the vessel is partitioned into two chambers of fluid separation and fluids treatment with a cast flange forming one end of the filter, for separating a specified component from a fluid mixture utilizing their different permeation rates through a permeable membrane wall, the improvements characterized in that the filter comprises the cast flange, a hollow porous core in about the centers of the fluids treatment chamber and said flange and a multiplicity of permeable, hollow filaments spirally wound around the core, said flange being of a truncated cone and tapered toward said cover with the tapered portions of said flange cooperating with the corresponding tapered portions of said cover in fluid-tight relation thereto; one end of said core in the cover-side zone is closed and the other end is opened; both ends of hollow filaments spirally wound around said core are imbedded and secured in said flange and have their open ends in the fluid separatory chamber; said permeable hollow filaments being spirally wound around said core by starting the winding in the flange-side zone and after winding a given fiber length reversing in the direction of the flange, such windings being repeated to form a bundle of the filaments, so that each filament satisfies the following conditions:

Claim 5

IN A FLUID SEPARATORY APPARATUS IN WHICH A SHELL HAVING AN INLET AND AN OUTLET, AD A COVER HAVING AN OUTLET ARE JOINED IN A TIGHT SEAL AND FORM A VESSEL, A FILTER IS STORED IN THE SHELL-SIDE ZONE, AND THE VESSEL IS PARTITIONED INTO TWO CHAMBERS OF FLUID SEPARATION AND FLUIDS TREATMENT WITH A CAST FLANGE FORMING ONE END OF THE FILTER, FOR SEPARATING A SPECIFIED COMPONENT FROM A FLUID MIXTURE UTILIZING THEIR DIFFERENT PERMENATION RATES THROUGH A PERMEABLE MEMBRANE WALL, THE IMPROVEMENTS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THE FILTER COMPRISES THE CAST FLANGE, A HOLLOW POROUS CORE IN ABOUT THE CENTERS OF THE FLUIDS TREATMENT CHAMBER AND SAID FLANGE AND A MULTIPLICITY OF PERMEABLE, HOLLOW FILAMENTS SPIRALLY WOUND AROUND THE CORE, SAID FLANGE BEING OF A TRUNCATED CONE AND TAPERED TOWARD SAID COVER WITH THE TAPERED PORTIONS OF SAID FLANGE COOPERATING WITH THE CORRESPONDING TAPERED PORTIONS OF SAID COVER IN FLUID-TIGHT RELATION THERETO, ONE END OF SAID CORE IN THE COVER-SIDE ZONE IS CLOSED AND THE OTHER END IS OPENED, BOTH ENDS OF HOLLOW FILAMENTS SPIRALLY WOUND AROUND SAID CORE ARE IMBEDDED AND SECURED IN SAID FLANGE AND HAVE THEIR OPEN ENDS IN THE FLUID SEPARATORY CHAMBER, SAID PERMEABLE HOLLOW FILAMENTS BEING SPIRALLY WOUND AROUND SAID CORE BY STARTING THE WINDING IN THE FLANGE-SIDE ZONE AND AFTER WINDING A GIVEN FIBER LENGTH REVERSING IN THE DIRECTION OF THE FLANGE, SUCH WINDINGS BEING REPEATED TO FORM FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: 1. 0.20 D 0.67 2. 0< T -20(D-1) 3. 0< L -22.7X10**4(NQ/NR4)+650 WHEREIN D IS THE RATIO OF THE ACTUAL VOLUME OF THE HOLLOW FILAMENTS TO AN APPARENT VOLUME OF THE BUNDLE OF HOLLOW FILAMENTS. T IS A THICKNESS OF SAID BUNDLE, L IS A FILAMENT LENGTH IN CENTIMETERS FROM ONE END TO THE OTHER END OF EACH HOLLOW FILAMENT FORMING THE BUNDLE, N IS THE NUMBER OF FILAMENT END OPENINGS IN THE SURFACE OF THE FLANGE IN THE FLUID SEPARATORY CHAMBER, N IS A VICOSITY COEFFICIENT IN POISES FLOWING IN THE INTERIOR OF THE HOLLOW FILAMENTS AND Q IS THE RATE OF FLOW IN CC/SEC OF FLUIDS FLOWING THROUGH THE INTERIOR OF THE N HOLLOW FILAMENTS, AND HAVING IN THE OPENING OF SAID CORE A PROTUBERANCE OF THE SHELL SO THAT SAID CORE IS LONGITUDINALLY SLIDABLY HELD IN POSITION.

Claim 6

IN A FLUID SEPARATORY APPARATUS IN WHICH A SHELL HAVING AN INLET AND AN OUTLET, AD A COVER HAVING AN OUTLET ARE JOINED IN A TIGHT SEAL AND FORM A VESSEL, A FILTER IS STORED IN THE SHELL-SIDE ZONE, AND THE VESSEL IS PARTITIONED INTO TWO CHAMBERS OF FLUID SEPARATION AND FLUIDS TREATMENT WITH A CAST FLANGE FORMING ONE END OF THE FILTER, FOR SEPARATING A SPECIFIED COMPONENT FROM A FLUID MIXTURE UTILIZING THEIR DIFFERENT PERMENATION RATES THROUGH A PERMEABLE MEMBRANE WALL, THE IMPROVEMENTS CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THE FILTER COMPRISES THE CAST FLANGE, A HOLLOW POROUS CORE IN ABOUT THE CENTERS OF THE FLUIDS TREATMENT CHAMBER AND SAID FLANGE AND A MULTIPLICITY OF PERMEABLE, HOLLOW FILAMENTS SPIRALLY WOUND AROUND THE CORE, SAID FLANGE BEING OF A TRUNCATED CONE AND TAPERED TOWARD SAID COVER WITH THE TAPERED PORTIONS OF SAID FLANGE COOPERATING WITH THE CORRESPONDING TAPERED PORTIONS OF SAID COVER IN FLUID-TIGHT RELATION THERETO, ONE END OF SAID CORE IN THE COVER-SIDE ZONE IS CLOSED AND THE OTHER END IS OPENED, BOTH ENDS OF HOLLOW FILAMENTS SPIRALLY WOUND AROUND SAID CORE ARE IMBEDDED AND SECURED IN SAID FLANGE AND HAVE THEIR OPEN ENDS IN THE FLUID SEPARATORY CHAMBER, SAID PERMEABLE HOLLOW FILAMENTS BEING SPIRALLY WOUND AROUND SAID CORE BY STARTING THE WINDING IN THE FLANGE-SIDE ZONE AND AFTER WINDING A GIVEN FIBER LENGTH REVERSING IN THE DIRECTION OF THE FLANGE, SUCH WINDINGS BEING REPEATED TO FORM FOLLOWING CONDITIONS: 1. 0.20 D 0.67 2. 0< T -20(D-1) 3. 0< L -22.7X10**4(NQ/NR4)+650 WHEREIN D IS THE RATIO OF THE ACTUAL VOLUME OF THE HOLLOW FILAMENTS TO AN APPARENT VOLUME OF THE BUNDLE OF HOLLOW FILAMENTS. T IS A THICKNESS OF SAID BUNDLE, L IS A FILAMENT LENGTH IN CENTIMETERS FROM ONE END TO THE OTHER END OF EACH HOLLOW FILAMENT FORMING THE BUNDLE, N IS THE NUMBER OF FILAMENT END OPENINGS IN THE SURFACE OF THE FLANGE IN THE FLUID SEPARATORY CHAMBER, N IS A VICOSITY COEFFICIENT IN POISES FLOWING IN THE INTERIOR OF THE HOLLOW FILAMENTS AND Q IS THE RATE OF FLOW IN CC/SEC OF FLUIDS FLOWING THROUGH THE INTERIOR OF THE N HOLLOW FILAMENTS, AND HAVING IN THE OPENING OF SAID CORE A PROTUBERANCE OF THE SHELL SO THAT SAID CORE IS LONGITUDINALLY SLIDABLY HELD IN POSITION.

Claim 7

0< T < or = - 20(D -1)

Claim 8

0< T < or = - 20(D -1)

Claim 9

A fluid separatory apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including a annular clamp plate in the shell-side zone for causing the engagement between the tapered portions of the flange and the cover by pressing the flange to the interior surface of the cover.

Claim 10

0< L < or = -22.7 X 10 4 ( eta Q/NR4) + 650 wherein D is the ratio of the actual volume of the hollow filaments to an apparent volume of the bundle of hollow filaments, T is a thickness of said bundle, L is a filament length in centimeters from one end to the other end of each hollow filament forming the bundLe, N is the number of filament end openings in the surface of the flange in the fluid separatory chamber, eta is a viscosity coefficient in poises flowing in the interior of the hollow filaments and Q is the rate of flow in cc/sec of fluids flowing through the interior of the N hollow filaments, and having in the opening of said core a protuberance of the shell so that said core is longitudinally slidably held in position.

Claim 11

0< L < or = -22.7 X 10 4 ( eta Q/NR4) + 650 wherein D is the ratio of the actual volume of the hollow filaments to an apparent volume of the bundle of hollow filaments, T is a thickness of said bundle, L is a filament length in centimeters from one end to the other end of each hollow filament forming the bundLe, N is the number of filament end openings in the surface of the flange in the fluid separatory chamber, eta is a viscosity coefficient in poises flowing in the interior of the hollow filaments and Q is the rate of flow in cc/sec of fluids flowing through the interior of the N hollow filaments, and having in the opening of said core a protuberance of the shell so that said core is longitudinally slidably held in position.

Claim 12

A fluid separatory apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including an annular keep plate disposed in the shell-side zone which presses the flange in tight engagement between the flange and the metal ring.

Claim 13

A fluid separatory apparatus as set forth in claim 1 in which said is integrated with the shell in the open end of the hollow porous core and holds the core in position with an elastic ring.

Claim 14

A fluid separatory apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including bellows for connecting the open end of the hollow porous core and the protuberance with each other.

Claim 15

A fluid separatory apparatus as set forth in claim 1 including a cylindrical guard plate mounted about the end of the core so as to protect the end of the bundle of filaments in the treatment chamber.

Claim 16

A fluid separatory apparatus as set forth in claim 1 in which the hollow filaments spirally wound around the hollow porous core have membrane walls of double non-porous structure consisting of a polymer layer of a polymer of the polyethylene terephthalate series, and a polymer layer of a different type having a greater permeability coefficient of a specified component to be separated from the fluid mixture than said polymer of the polyethylene terephthalate series and having 1 to 170 times as thick as the layer of said polymer of the polyethylene terephthalate series.

Claim 17

A fluid separatory apparatus as set forth in claim 1 in which the hollow filaments consist of 99 to 50 percent by weight of a polymer of the polyethylene terephthalate series and 1 to 50 percent by weight of polymer of a different type having a greater permeability coefficient of a specified component to be separated from the fluids mixture than said polymer of the polyethylene terephthalate series.

Claim 18

A fluids separatory apparatus as set forth in claim 1 in which fibrous or filmy materials having a sufficiently high electroconductivity are mingled with or enclose the hollow filaments wound around and are grounded.