US3837339A
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Blood glucose level monitoring-alarm system and method therefor
Assignee: A S LABORATORIES Inc A CORP OF
•
Filing: 1972-02-03
•
Granted: 1974-09-24
•
Expires: 1992-02-03
Abstract
Abstract A method and apparatus for monitoring blood glucose levels. In the preferred embodiment a glucose diffusion-limited fuel cell is implanted in a living body. The output current of the fuel cell is proportional to the glucose concentration of the body fluid electrolyte and is therefore directly indicative of the blood glucose level. This information is telemetered to an external receiver which generates an alarm signal whenever the fuel cell output current exceeds or falls below a predetermined current magnitude which represents a normal blood glucose level. Valve means are actuated in response to the telemetered information to supply glucose or insulin to the monitored living body.
Inventors
- 👤 S Aisenberg
- 👤 K Chang
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-22 16:56
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61B; A61B5/00; A61B5/0002; A61B5/0031; A61B5/145; A61B5/14532; A61M; A61M5/00; A61M5/14; A61M5/168; A61M5/172; A61M5/1723; H; H01; H01M; H01M8/00; H01M8/04; H01M8/04082; H01M8/04186; H01M8/08; Y; Y02; Y02E; Y02E60/00; Y02E60/30; Y02E60/50; Y10; Y10S; Y10S128/00; Y10S128/903
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 95
Claim 1
Independent Claim
97 words
A method for monitoring blood glucose levels comprising the steps of: 1. exposing a glucose diffusion-limited fuel cell to the body fluid of a living body; 2. converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body; 3. detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition; and, 4. actuating an alarm signal whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition.
Claim 2
Independent Claim
97 words
A method for monitoring blood glucose levels comprising the steps of: 1. exposing a glucose diffusion-limited fuel cell to the body fluid of a living body; 2. converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body; 3. detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition; and, 4. actuating an alarm signal whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
56 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when exposed to the body fluid of a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a function of the blood glucose level in said living body; and,
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
56 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when exposed to the body fluid of a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a function of the blood glucose level in said living body; and,
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
51 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when implanted in a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a function of the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
51 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when implanted in a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a function of the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
29 words
first and second spaced catalyst coated electrodes positioned within said chamber, said first and second electrodes comprising, respectively, a cathode electrode and an anode electrode for said fuel cell;
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
29 words
first and second spaced catalyst coated electrodes positioned within said chamber, said first and second electrodes comprising, respectively, a cathode electrode and an anode electrode for said fuel cell;
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
42 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
42 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 11
Independent Claim
11 words
A method for monitoring blood glucose levels comprising the steps of:
Claim 12
Independent Claim
11 words
A method for monitoring blood glucose levels comprising the steps of:
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
42 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
42 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
42 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
42 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
51 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when implanted in a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a function of the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
51 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when implanted in a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a function of the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
51 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when implanted in a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a function of the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
51 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when implanted in a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a function of the blood glucose level in said living body;
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
52 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when implanted in a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a funcTion of the blood glucose level in said living body; and,
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
52 words
means for converting the output current generated by said fuel cell when implanted in a living body, into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being a funcTion of the blood glucose level in said living body; and,
Claim 23
Dependent Claim
13 words
means for detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition;
Claim 24
Dependent Claim
13 words
means for detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition;
Claim 25
Dependent Claim
43 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body; and,
Claim 26
Dependent Claim
43 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body; and,
Claim 27
Dependent Claim
43 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body; and,
Claim 28
Dependent Claim
43 words
converting the output current generated by said fuel cell into an electrical signal having a characteristic which varies in accordance with the magnitude of the output current, said output current magnitude being proportional to the blood glucose level in said living body; and,
Claim 29
Dependent Claim
7 words
means for glucose diffusion-limiting said fuel cell.
Claim 30
Dependent Claim
7 words
means for glucose diffusion-limiting said fuel cell.
Claim 31
Dependent Claim
7 words
means for monitoring said electrical signal characteristic.
Claim 32
Dependent Claim
7 words
means for monitoring said electrical signal characteristic.
Claim 33
Independent Claim
11 words
A method for monitoring blood glucose levels comprising the steps of:
Claim 34
Independent Claim
11 words
A method for monitoring blood glucose levels comprising the steps of:
Claim 35
Dependent Claim
11 words
detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition;
Claim 36
Dependent Claim
11 words
detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition;
Claim 37
Dependent Claim
11 words
detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition;
Claim 38
Dependent Claim
11 words
detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition;
Claim 39
Dependent Claim
12 words
detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition; and,
Claim 40
Dependent Claim
12 words
detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition; and,
Claim 41
Dependent Claim
14 words
means for detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition; and,
Claim 42
Dependent Claim
14 words
means for detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined condition; and,
Claim 43
Dependent Claim
13 words
means for detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined characteristic;
Claim 44
Dependent Claim
13 words
means for detecting when said electrical signal characteristic departs from a predetermined characteristic;
Claim 45
Dependent Claim
4 words
utilizing said electrical signal.
Claim 46
Dependent Claim
4 words
utilizing said electrical signal.
Claim 47
Dependent Claim
21 words
means for generating a insulin valve actuation signal whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs in one direction from said predetermined condition;
Claim 48
Dependent Claim
21 words
means for generating a insulin valve actuation signal whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs in one direction from said predetermined condition;
Claim 49
Dependent Claim
7 words
means for monitoring said electrical signal characteristic.
Claim 50
Dependent Claim
7 words
means for monitoring said electrical signal characteristic.
Claim 51
Dependent Claim
5 words
monitoring said electrical signal characteristic.
Claim 52
Dependent Claim
5 words
monitoring said electrical signal characteristic.
Claim 53
Dependent Claim
39 words
means for generating a glucose valve actuation signal whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs in one direction from said predetermined condition and an insulin valve actuation signal whenever said characteristic departs in the opposite direction from said predetermined condition;
Claim 54
Dependent Claim
39 words
means for generating a glucose valve actuation signal whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs in one direction from said predetermined condition and an insulin valve actuation signal whenever said characteristic departs in the opposite direction from said predetermined condition;
Claim 55
Dependent Claim
17 words
fluid valve means responsive to said insulin valve actuation signal for supplying insulin to the body; and,
Claim 56
Dependent Claim
17 words
fluid valve means responsive to said insulin valve actuation signal for supplying insulin to the body; and,
Claim 57
Dependent Claim
23 words
alarm signal generating means responsive to said electrical signal characteristic for generating an alarm signal whenever said characteristic departs from said predetermined condition.
Claim 58
Dependent Claim
23 words
alarm signal generating means responsive to said electrical signal characteristic for generating an alarm signal whenever said characteristic departs from said predetermined condition.
Claim 59
Dependent Claim
14 words
actuating an alarm signal whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition.
Claim 60
Dependent Claim
14 words
actuating an alarm signal whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition.
Claim 61
Dependent Claim
19 words
introducing glucose into said living body whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition in one direction;
Claim 62
Dependent Claim
19 words
introducing glucose into said living body whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition in one direction;
Claim 63
Dependent Claim
20 words
introducing insulin into said living body whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition in one direction; and,
Claim 64
Dependent Claim
20 words
introducing insulin into said living body whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition in one direction; and,
Claim 65
Dependent Claim
9 words
An in vivo blood glucose level monitoring system comprising:
Claim 66
Dependent Claim
9 words
An in vivo blood glucose level monitoring system comprising:
Claim 67
Dependent Claim
16 words
terminating the introduction of said insulin when said electrical signal characteristic returns to said predetermined condition.
Claim 68
Dependent Claim
16 words
terminating the introduction of said insulin when said electrical signal characteristic returns to said predetermined condition.
Claim 69
Dependent Claim
10 words
The system of claim 4 wherein said fuel cell comprises:
Claim 70
Dependent Claim
21 words
introducing insulin into said living body whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition in an opposite direction; and,
Claim 71
Dependent Claim
21 words
introducing insulin into said living body whenever said electrical signal characteristic departs from said predetermined condition in an opposite direction; and,
Claim 72
Dependent Claim
11 words
a source of insulin fluidly coupled to said fluid valve means.
Claim 73
Dependent Claim
11 words
a source of insulin fluidly coupled to said fluid valve means.
Claim 74
Dependent Claim
17 words
first fluid valve means responsive to said glucose valve actuation signal for supplying glucose to the body;
Claim 75
Dependent Claim
17 words
first fluid valve means responsive to said glucose valve actuation signal for supplying glucose to the body;
Claim 76
Dependent Claim
18 words
terminating the introduction of said glucose or insulin when said electrical signal characteristic returns to said predetermined condition.
Claim 77
Dependent Claim
18 words
terminating the introduction of said glucose or insulin when said electrical signal characteristic returns to said predetermined condition.
Claim 78
Dependent Claim
17 words
second fluid valve means responsive to said insulin valve actuation signal for supplying insulin to the body;
Claim 79
Dependent Claim
17 words
second fluid valve means responsive to said insulin valve actuation signal for supplying insulin to the body;
Claim 80
Dependent Claim
9 words
An in vivo blood glucose level monitoring system comprising:
Claim 81
Dependent Claim
9 words
An in vivo blood glucose level monitoring system comprising:
Claim 82
Dependent Claim
9 words
An in vivo blood glucose level monitoring system comprising:
Claim 83
Dependent Claim
9 words
An in vivo blood glucose level monitoring system comprising:
Claim 84
Dependent Claim
13 words
a source of glucose fluidly coupled to said first fluid valve means; and,
Claim 85
Dependent Claim
13 words
a source of glucose fluidly coupled to said first fluid valve means; and,
Claim 86
Dependent Claim
12 words
a source of insulin fluidly coupled to said second fluid valve means.
Claim 87
Dependent Claim
12 words
a source of insulin fluidly coupled to said second fluid valve means.
Claim 88
Dependent Claim
8 words
An in vivo blood glucose detecting system comprising:
Claim 89
Dependent Claim
8 words
An in vivo blood glucose detecting system comprising:
Claim 90
Independent Claim
16 words
A method for producing an electrical signal representation of blood glucose levels comprising the steps of:
Claim 91
Independent Claim
16 words
A method for producing an electrical signal representation of blood glucose levels comprising the steps of:
Claim 92
Independent Claim
11 words
A method for monitoring blood glucose levels comprising the steps of:
Claim 93
Independent Claim
11 words
A method for monitoring blood glucose levels comprising the steps of:
Claim 94
Dependent Claim
7 words
A blood glucose level monitoring system comprising:
Claim 95
Dependent Claim
7 words
A blood glucose level monitoring system comprising:
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USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1977-09-23 | 1978-03-25 | 1978-09-24 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1981-09-23 | 1982-03-25 | 1982-09-24 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1985-09-23 | 1986-03-25 | 1986-09-24 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |