US3735409A
Expired / Lapsed
US
⏱️ 0.0 years remaining
Electromagnetic wave receiver
Assignee: Raytheon Co
•
Filing: 1972-02-22
•
Granted: 1973-05-22
•
Expires: 1992-02-22
Abstract
Abstract Video pulse radio frequency receivers are rendered sensitive to continuous waves by means of an amplitude modulation technique involving coupling between circularly polarized antennas. The circularly polarized antennas incorporate semiconductor diodes as an integral part of the antenna structure. Two circularly polarized antennas with diodes incorporated therein are mounted in tandem with counter rotating faces directed toward a source of linearly polarized electromagnetic wave. One circularly polarized component of the electromagnetic wave excites the first antenna, while the counter rotating component passes through the first antenna and excites the second antenna. The integral diode of the antennas acts respectively as a detector and modulator, with radio frequency coupling being provided by the tandem arrangement which locates the antenna faces of like polarization sense adjacent each other. By arranging a multiple of the pairs of tandem mounted antennas in a distributed pattern, direction finding capabilities are provided.
Inventors
- 👤 D Gershberg
- 👤 A Lee
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 20:17
CPC Classifications
G; G01; G01S; G01S1/00; G01S1/02
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 19
Claim 1
Independent Claim
103 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver, comprising: a modulator antenna polarized to receive a circular polarization component of an electromagnetic wave, a receiver antenna polarized to receive a circular polarization component of an electromagnetic wave and mounted in tandem with said modulator antenna and electromagnetically coupled thereto for receiving modulated signals therefrom, a detector diode coupled to said receiver antenna for converting received modulated signals into low level pulses, a modulator diode coupled to said modulator antenna for modulating a received electromagnetic energy wave at the modulating antenna, and amplification means responsive to the modulated low level pulses for generating a direction relating output voltage.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
103 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver, comprising: a modulator antenna polarized to receive a circular polarization component of an electromagnetic wave, a receiver antenna polarized to receive a circular polarization component of an electromagnetic wave and mounted in tandem with said modulator antenna and electromagnetically coupled thereto for receiving modulated signals therefrom, a detector diode coupled to said receiver antenna for converting received modulated signals into low level pulses, a modulator diode coupled to said modulator antenna for modulating a received electromagnetic energy wave at the modulating antenna, and amplification means responsive to the modulated low level pulses for generating a direction relating output voltage.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
24 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 1 wherein said receiver antenna and said modulator antenna have a double archimedean spiral configuration.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
31 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 2 wherein said detector diode and said modulator diode are Schottky barrier diodes coupled respectively to the arms of the spiral configuration.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 1 including a cylindrical cavity for mounting said receiver antenna and said modulator antenna to restrict the received electromagnetic waves to a unidirection.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
31 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 4 inclUding an energy wave absorbing material in said cavity to reduce reflections and smooth out the frequency response of said antennas.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
27 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 1 wherein said receiver antenna and said modulator antenna each include spiral conductors formed on an insulating substrate.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
32 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 6 wherein the receiver antenna and said modulator antenna are oriented such that the circular polarization components of like sense face each other.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
119 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver, comprising: a plurality of modulating antennas polarized to receive a circular polarization component of an electromagnetic wave in one direction and each antenna including a modulating diode coupled thereto for converting received signals into a modulated signal, a plurality of receiving antennas polarized to receive a circular polarization component of an electromagnetic wave opposite in direction from said modulating antennas and mounted in tandem individually with said modulating antennas and electromagnetically coupled thereto and including a detector diode for each antenna coupled thereto for converting the modulated signals into low level pulses, and amplification means responsive to the modulated low level pulses from each of the receiver antennas for generating a direction relating output voltage.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
119 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver, comprising: a plurality of modulating antennas polarized to receive a circular polarization component of an electromagnetic wave in one direction and each antenna including a modulating diode coupled thereto for converting received signals into a modulated signal, a plurality of receiving antennas polarized to receive a circular polarization component of an electromagnetic wave opposite in direction from said modulating antennas and mounted in tandem individually with said modulating antennas and electromagnetically coupled thereto and including a detector diode for each antenna coupled thereto for converting the modulated signals into low level pulses, and amplification means responsive to the modulated low level pulses from each of the receiver antennas for generating a direction relating output voltage.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
27 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 8 wherein each of said receiver antennas and each of said modulator antennas have a double spiral configuration.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
37 words
An electromagnetic energy receiver as set forth in claim 9 wherein said receiver antennas and said modulator antennas are mounted in pairs with counter-rotating faces facing such that circular polarization of a like sense face each other.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
22 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 10 wherein said detector diodes and said modulator diodes are Schottky barrier diodes.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
35 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 8 including a plurality cylindrical cavity for mounting said receiver antennas and said modulator antennas in pairs to restrict the received electromagnetic waves to a unidirection.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
35 words
An electromagnetic wave receiver as set forth in claim 12 including an energy wave absorbing material in said cavities to reduce reflections and to smooth out the frequency response of the receiver and modulator antennas.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
103 words
In an electromagnetic wave receiving system with a modulator antenna for modulating a received signal and a receiver antenna coupled to the modulator antenna for receiving the modulated signal and providing modulated low level pulses, comprising in combination: amplification means responsive to the modulated low level pulses for increasing the pulse level at an output thereof, circuit means coupled to the output of said amplification means for increasing the time duration of each output pulse to thereby vary the duty cycle of the receiver system, and amplification means responsive to the output of said circuit means for generating a direction relating output voltage.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
103 words
In an electromagnetic wave receiving system with a modulator antenna for modulating a received signal and a receiver antenna coupled to the modulator antenna for receiving the modulated signal and providing modulated low level pulses, comprising in combination: amplification means responsive to the modulated low level pulses for increasing the pulse level at an output thereof, circuit means coupled to the output of said amplification means for increasing the time duration of each output pulse to thereby vary the duty cycle of the receiver system, and amplification means responsive to the output of said circuit means for generating a direction relating output voltage.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
In an electromagnetic wave receiving system as set forth in claim 14 including a modulator driver connected to the modulator antenna for providing a modulation component to the electromagnetic wave.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
26 words
In an electromagnetic wave receiving system as set forth in claim 1 including means responsive to a linear polarization angle in a manner adaptable to roll-following.
References Cited (Backward Citations)
US3246331A
Cited
US3381371A
Cited
USPTO Annuity & Maintenance Windows
| Annuity Stage | Window Opens | Payment Deadline | Surcharge Period Until | Estimated Fee | Status |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.5 Years (Year 4) | 1976-05-21 | 1976-11-20 | 1977-05-22 | $2000.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 7.5 Years (Year 8) | 1980-05-21 | 1980-11-20 | 1981-05-22 | $3760.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |
| 11.5 Years (Year 12) | 1984-05-21 | 1984-11-20 | 1985-05-22 | $7700.00 | Window Closed / Lapsed |