Apparatus for maintaining liquid being transported in a pipe line at an elevated temperature

Claim 1

AN APPARATUS FOR TRANSPORTING LIQUID WHILE MAINTAINING IT AT AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE COMPRISING AN ARRANGEMENT INCLUDING A LIQUID TRANSPORTING PIPE, AT LEAST ONE HEAT-GENERATING PIPE OF FERRO-MAGNETIC MATERIAL SUPPORTED IN SUBSTANTIALLY AXIALLY PARALLEL RELATION WITH SAID TRANSPORTING PIPE SO AS TO CONDUCT HEAT GENERATED IN SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE TO THE LIQUID IN SAID TRANSPORTING PIPE, AND SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE HAVING AN INNER WALL PORTION AND AN OUTER SURFACE PORTION A WALL THICKNESS GREATER THAN THE PENETRATION DEPTH OF ALTERNATING CURRENT FLOW THROUGH THE INNER WALL PORTION OF SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE TO THEREBY OBIVATE ANY PROVISION OF ELECTRICAL INSULATING MEANS ON THE OUTER SIDE OF SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPEAND AN INNER ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR LINE CONNECTED TO A SOURCE OF A.C. SUPPLY AND SUPPORTED WITHIN SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE IN ITS LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION IN ELECTRICALLY INSULATED RELATION FROM THE INNER WALL PORTION OF SAID HEATGENERATING PIPE, AND SAID ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR LINE BEING ELECTRICALLY CONNECTED AT THE END THEREOF REMOTE FROM THE A.C. SUPPLY SOURCE IN SUCH A WAY THAT ALTERNATING CURRENT FROM THE SUPPLY SOURCE FLOWS THROUGH SAID ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR LINE, REACHES SAID REMOTE END OF SAID HEATGENERATING PIPE AND RETURNS TO THE SOURCE THROUGH THE INNER WALL PORTION OF SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE, WHEREBY SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE IS HEATED BY THE SKIN EFFECT OF THE ALTERNATING CURRENT FLOW THROUGH THE INNER WALL PORTION THEREOF AND THE OUTER SURFACE PORTION OF SAID HEATGENERATING PIPE RECEIVES SOLELY THE HEAT SO GENERATED WITHOUT ANY ELECTRIC CURRENT FLOW THERETHROUGH.

Claim 2

AN APPARATUS FOR TRANSPORTING LIQUID WHILE MAINTAINING IT AT AN ELEVATED TEMPERATURE COMPRISING AN ARRANGEMENT INCLUDING A LIQUID TRANSPORTING PIPE, AT LEAST ONE HEAT-GENERATING PIPE OF FERRO-MAGNETIC MATERIAL SUPPORTED IN SUBSTANTIALLY AXIALLY PARALLEL RELATION WITH SAID TRANSPORTING PIPE SO AS TO CONDUCT HEAT GENERATED IN SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE TO THE LIQUID IN SAID TRANSPORTING PIPE, AND SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE HAVING AN INNER WALL PORTION AND AN OUTER SURFACE PORTION A WALL THICKNESS GREATER THAN THE PENETRATION DEPTH OF ALTERNATING CURRENT FLOW THROUGH THE INNER WALL PORTION OF SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE TO THEREBY OBIVATE ANY PROVISION OF ELECTRICAL INSULATING MEANS ON THE OUTER SIDE OF SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPEAND AN INNER ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR LINE CONNECTED TO A SOURCE OF A.C. SUPPLY AND SUPPORTED WITHIN SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE IN ITS LONGITUDINAL DIRECTION IN ELECTRICALLY INSULATED RELATION FROM THE INNER WALL PORTION OF SAID HEATGENERATING PIPE, AND SAID ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR LINE BEING ELECTRICALLY CONNECTED AT THE END THEREOF REMOTE FROM THE A.C. SUPPLY SOURCE IN SUCH A WAY THAT ALTERNATING CURRENT FROM THE SUPPLY SOURCE FLOWS THROUGH SAID ELECTRIC CONDUCTOR LINE, REACHES SAID REMOTE END OF SAID HEATGENERATING PIPE AND RETURNS TO THE SOURCE THROUGH THE INNER WALL PORTION OF SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE, WHEREBY SAID HEAT-GENERATING PIPE IS HEATED BY THE SKIN EFFECT OF THE ALTERNATING CURRENT FLOW THROUGH THE INNER WALL PORTION THEREOF AND THE OUTER SURFACE PORTION OF SAID HEATGENERATING PIPE RECEIVES SOLELY THE HEAT SO GENERATED WITHOUT ANY ELECTRIC CURRENT FLOW THERETHROUGH.