Patent WO1994007560A1 successfully refreshed from Google Patents.
US20040082991A1
Expired / Lapsed
US
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Methods of making bioprosthetic heart valves with strain matched leaflets
Assignee: Individual
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Filing: 2003-10-20
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Granted: —
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Expires: 2023-10-20
Abstract
Abstract Heart valve leaflet selection methods and apparatuses which subject individual leaflets to loads and measure the resulting deflection to more reliably group leaflets of similar physical characteristics for later assembly in prosthetic heart valves. The deflection testing may be accomplished using a variety of test set ups which are designed to impart a load on the leaflet which simulates the actual loading within a heart valve. The results from a number of deflection tests are used to categorize individual leaflets, which data can be combined with other data regarding the characteristics of the leaflet to better select leaflets for assembly into a multi-leaflet heart valve. In one embodiment, the deflection test is combined with an intrinsic load test, and leaflets having similar deflection and intrinsic load values used in the same heart valve. One apparatus for testing the leaflets includes a frame for securing the arcuate cusp of the leaflet while the straight coapting edge remains free, to simulate the actual leaflet mounting configuration within the heart valve prosthesis. The frame may include a lower portion having a recess for the leaflet and plurality of receptor holes around the peripheral edge of the recess, and an upper portion having a plurality of needles which extend downward through the leaflet and into the receptor holes and secure the edges of the leaflet.
Inventors
- 👤 Than Nguyen
- 👤 Hung Lam
- 👤 Jianbo Zhou
- 👤 Carlos Romero
- 👤 Ralph Kafesjian
- 👤 Xiaoming Guo
- 👤 Van Huynh
Bibliographic Details
Application Number
—
Jurisdiction
US
Data Source
google_patents
Last Synchronized
2026-10-23 05:18
CPC Classifications
A; A61; A61M; A61M25/00; A61M25/01; A61M25/0105; A61M25/0133; A61F; A61F2/00; A61F2/02; A61F2/24; A61F2/2412; A61F2/2415; A61F2/2472; Y; Y10; Y10S; Y10S623/00; Y10S623/90; Y10S623/909; Y10S623/91; Y10S623/912; Y10S623/913
Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 22
Claim 1
Independent Claim
98 words
1 . A process for manufacturing an implantable heart valve comprising the steps of: providing a collection of similarly sized leaflets; applying a load to each leaflet; observing the strain response in each leaflet caused by applying the load; sorting the leaflets into subgroups based on their respective strain responses such that the leaflets in each subgroup each have a strain response within a predetermined range; and, attaching only leaflets from a single subgroup to the heart valve such that when fluid pressure is applied to the implantable heart valve the leaflets thereon will exhibit similar strain response.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
98 words
1 . A process for manufacturing an implantable heart valve comprising the steps of: providing a collection of similarly sized leaflets; applying a load to each leaflet; observing the strain response in each leaflet caused by applying the load; sorting the leaflets into subgroups based on their respective strain responses such that the leaflets in each subgroup each have a strain response within a predetermined range; and, attaching only leaflets from a single subgroup to the heart valve such that when fluid pressure is applied to the implantable heart valve the leaflets thereon will exhibit similar strain response.
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
23 words
2 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of providing a collection includes providing a collection of natural tissue leaflets.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
20 words
3 . The process of claim 2 , further including the step of chemically fixing the leaflets prior to testing.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
27 words
4 . The process of claim 2 , wherein the step of providing a collection of natural tissue leaflets includes providing a collection of bovine pericardium leaflets.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
25 words
5 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of providing a collection of leaflets includes providing a collection of extruded collagen leaflets.
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
47 words
6 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of applying a load comprises applying a load sufficient to create an average stress in at least some of the leaflets within a generally linear, high modulus region of a stress/strain curve of the leaflet material.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
28 words
7 . The process of claim 1 , further including the step of applying a load for a predetermined number of times prior to observing the strain response.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
16 words
8 . The process of claim 7 , wherein the predetermined number is at least three.
Claim 10
Dependent Claim
32 words
9 . The process of claim 1 , further including the steps of: performing an intrinsic load test on the leaflets; and sorting the leaflets based on the intrinsic load test results.
Claim 11
Dependent Claim
55 words
10 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the step of forming subgroups of leaflets having a strain response within a predetermined range comprises a measuring a deflection of each leaflet resulting from applying a load thereto, and forming a subgroup of leaflets each having a deflection within about 0.030 inches of the others.
Claim 12
Dependent Claim
214 words
11 . A process for manufacturing an implantable heart valve having multiple leaflets, comprising the steps of: mounting the leaflet in a framing assembly so that portions which are to be sutured in the valve are held stationary, wherein the leaflet defines a cusp edge and a coapted edge generally opposite the cusp edge, and the framing assembly includes an upper member and a lower member, the lower member having a recess for receiving at least the cusp edge of the leaflet, the upper member being shaped to mate over the recess, and the framing assembly defining a cavity circumscribed by the recess, the step of mounting including positioning the leaflet in the recess and piercing the leaflet cusp edge with needles extending between and supported from movement by the upper and lower members, to hold at least the cusp edge of the leaflet stationary; applying a load to the leaflet in a location adapted to simulate a point at which an average load is applied in the valve; sensing the resulting strain in the leaflet; sorting the leaflets into subgroups based on their respective strain responses such that the leaflets in each subgroup have a strain response within a predetermined range; and, attaching only leaflets from a single subgroup to the heart valve.
Claim 13
Dependent Claim
214 words
11 . A process for manufacturing an implantable heart valve having multiple leaflets, comprising the steps of: mounting the leaflet in a framing assembly so that portions which are to be sutured in the valve are held stationary, wherein the leaflet defines a cusp edge and a coapted edge generally opposite the cusp edge, and the framing assembly includes an upper member and a lower member, the lower member having a recess for receiving at least the cusp edge of the leaflet, the upper member being shaped to mate over the recess, and the framing assembly defining a cavity circumscribed by the recess, the step of mounting including positioning the leaflet in the recess and piercing the leaflet cusp edge with needles extending between and supported from movement by the upper and lower members, to hold at least the cusp edge of the leaflet stationary; applying a load to the leaflet in a location adapted to simulate a point at which an average load is applied in the valve; sensing the resulting strain in the leaflet; sorting the leaflets into subgroups based on their respective strain responses such that the leaflets in each subgroup have a strain response within a predetermined range; and, attaching only leaflets from a single subgroup to the heart valve.
Claim 14
Dependent Claim
30 words
12 . The process of claim 11 , wherein the step of applying a load comprises applying a mechanical deflector to an upper surface of the leaflet over the cavity.
Claim 15
Dependent Claim
17 words
13 . The process of claim 11 , further including the step of recording the sensed strain.
Claim 16
Dependent Claim
21 words
14 . The process of claim 13 , further including applying a load at least twice before recording the sensed strain.
Claim 17
Dependent Claim
42 words
15 . The process of claim 14 , further including the step of performing a droop test on the leaflet by extending the leaflet over the end of a structure, and observing the resulting droop of the extended end of the leaflet.
Claim 18
Dependent Claim
30 words
16 . The process of claim 15 , further including testing a second leaflet and correlating the results of the droop tests and applied load tests for the two leaflets.
Claim 19
Dependent Claim
48 words
17 . The process of claim 11 , wherein the leaflet is made of a leaflet material, and the step of applying a load comprises applying a load sufficient to stress the leaflet within a generally linear high modulus region of a stress/strain curve of the leaflet material.
Claim 20
Dependent Claim
29 words
18 . The process of claim 11 , wherein the step of applying a load comprises applying a load sufficient to stress the leaflet between 300 and 600 kPa.
Claim 21
Dependent Claim
68 words
19 . The process of claim 1 , wherein the stent comprises a wireform defining alternating commissures and arcuate cusps, the cusp edge of each prosthetic leaflet being attached along a wireform cusp, wherein the commissure portions of the prosthetic leaflets terminate in outwardly extending tabs that each attach to a wireform commissure, and wherein tabs from adjacent leaflets are attached together at each of the wireform commissures.
Claim 22
Dependent Claim
70 words
20 . The process of claim 19 , wherein the tabs from adjacent leaflets extend outward between spaced wires of the wireform commissure, and wherein inserts are provided around which the adjacent leaflet tabs wrap and are secured, the inserts being size larger than the distance that the wires of the wireform commissure are spaced apart so as to maintain the leaflet tabs on the outside of the wireform commissure.
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