Claims Analysis
Total Claims: 9
Claim 1
Independent Claim
250 words
Pliers, in particular for surgical purposes for the cutting through of wires, screws or the like, comprising a cutter gripping lever (1) having a cutting edge (15) at its front end and a handle (13) at its rear end, the cutter gripping lever (1) being pivotably connected by means of a cutting lever hinge (3) to a cutting lever (2) which has a second cutting edge (15') disposed opposite to the first cutting edge (15), as well as being pivotably connected by means of a gripping lever hinge (5) to a gripping lever (4) behind the cutting lever hinge (3) and wherein a transmission is arranged between the gripping lever (4) and the cutting lever (2), characterised in that the drive member (6) of the transmission is actuated by the gripping lever (4); and in that the driven member (10) of the transmission acts on the cutting lever (2) on the side of the cutting lever hinge (3) which is remote from the cutting edge (15'), with the cutting lever hinge (3) supporting the cutting lever (2) at the cutter gripper lever (1) and wherein like relative pivotal movements of the gripping lever (4) relative to the cutter gripping lever (1) bring about progressively smaller pivotal movements of the cutting lever (2) relative to the cutter gripping lever (1), so that the mechanical advantage increases automatically as the distance (b) between the handles (12, 13) formed at the gripping lever (4) and at the cuttergripping lever (1) respectively becomes smaller.
Claim 2
Dependent Claim
143 words
Pliers in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that a toggle lever drive (6, 8, 10) is provided as the transmission, the drive member of which being formed by a transmission lever (6) which is pivotally connected at its first end to the gripping lever (4), with the transmission lever together with the gripping lever (4) forming a first toggle lever (4, 6) and with the other end of the transmission lever actuating a toggle lever hinge (11') of a second toggle lever (8, 10), the second toggle lever (8,10) comprising a support lever (8) which is pivotally connected to the cutter gripping lever (1) and an intermediate lever which represents the driven member (10), with the driven member (10) extending from the toggle lever joint (11') to the cutting lever (2) at which it is pivotally connected by an intermediate hinge (11).
Claim 3
Dependent Claim
90 words
Pliers in accordance with claim 2, characterised in that an acute angle which becomes smaller on actuating the pliers is provided between the gripping lever (4) and the transmission lever (6), and in that an obtuse angle which becomes larger on actuating the pliers is provided between the support lever (8) and the intermediate lever (10), wherein, when the cutting edges (15, 15') are closed, the transmission lever (6) lies approximately parallel to the gripping lever (4) and the second toggle lever (8, 10) lies shortly before its extended position.
Claim 4
Dependent Claim
21 words
Pliers in accordance with claim 2 or 3, characterised in that the length of the intermediate lever (10) can be reduced.
Claim 5
Dependent Claim
18 words
Pliers in accordance with claim 4, characterised in that the intermediate lever (10) is formed as a spring.
Claim 6
Dependent Claim
36 words
Pliers in accordance with claim 5, characterised in that the intermediate lever (10) is formed by a U-shaped compression spring, the spring slot (18) of which limiting the change in length of the intermediate lever (10).
Claim 7
Dependent Claim
208 words
Pliers in accordance with claim 1, characterised in that the gripping lever (4) is extended on the far side of the gripping lever hinge (5) by a relatively short toggle lever arm (19) which activates a toggle lever link (20) via a toggle lever hinge (11'), with the toggle lever link (20) together with the toggle lever arm (19) forming a toggle lever (19, 20) which is pivotally connected at the end remote from the toggle lever joint (11') to the lever arm (2') of the cutting lever (2) remote from the cutting edge (15) with respect to the cutting lever hinge (3), wherein the toggle lever (19, 20) on reduction of the spacing (b) between the handles (12, 13) passes from a greatly kinked position into a more extended position and wherein, in the opened state of the pliers, the toggle lever link (20) forms a substantial angle of preferably at least 30 to 40°, in particular 35° with the said lever arm (2'), with this angle expediently progressively approaching 90° as the cutting edges (15, 15') move together and/or preferably amounting to 40 to 80°, expediently 60 to 70° and in particular approximately 60°, when the cutting edges (15, 15') are closed or are approximately closed.
Claim 8
Dependent Claim
83 words
Pliers in accordance with claim 7, characterised in that in the non-actuated state of the pliers the toggle lever (19, 20) has a kink angle (α) of the order of magnitude of 90° and preferably somewhat less than 90°, in particular approximately 80 to 90° and in that in the fully pressed-together state of the pliers the toggle lever (19, 20) is close to its extended state and preferably has a kink angle (α) of between 120° and 150°, preferably 130 to 140°.
Claim 9
Dependent Claim
45 words
Pliers in accordance with claim 7 or 8, characterised in that the lever arm (2') between the cutting lever hinge (3) and the toggle lever link (20) is longer by a factor 1.5 to 2 than the lever arm (2'') carrying the cutting edge (15').